一、定语从句的分类
1. 限定性定语从句
对先行词起限定作用,不可省略。
The man who told me this refused to give his name.(告诉我这件事的人拒绝说出他的名字。)
2. 非限定性定语从句
对先行词补充说明,用逗号隔开,不可用that。
My father, who is 60, still works hard.(我父亲60岁了,仍然努力工作。)
二、关系代词的选择
who:先行词为人
which:先行词为物
that:人或物均可(限定性从句)
whose:表示所属关系
whom:作宾语(正式)
三、只能用that的情况
- 先行词被最高级修饰:This is the best book that I have ever read.
- 先行词被the only/very/first/last修饰
- 先行词既有人又有物
- 先行词是不定代词(all, everything, nothing等)
四、介词+关系代词
The house in which he lives is very old. = The house which he lives in is very old.