Redundancy

(noun.) repetition of an act needlessly.

(noun.) the attribute of being superfluous and unneeded; 'the use of industrial robots created redundancy among workers'.

(noun.) (electronics) a system design that duplicates components to provide alternatives in case one component fails.

(noun.) repetition of messages to reduce the probability of errors in transmission.

埃塞尔手打

• It can seldom happen that much can be spared from the circulating money of the country; because in that there can seldom be much redundancy. 亚当·斯密. 国富论.
• The redundancy of his alertness was half-vexing, half-ludicrous: in my mind I both disapproved and derided most of this fuss. 夏洛蒂·勃朗特. 维莱特.
• Mrs. Trenor was a tall fair woman, whose height just saved her from redundancy. 伊迪丝·华顿. 快乐之家.
• Cavalletto dropped on one knee, and implored him, with a redundancy of gesticulation, to hear what had brought himself into such foul company. 查尔斯·狄更斯. 小杜丽.

手打:帕特丽夏