hawk

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义 Wiktionary
英 /ˈhɔːk/   

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A diurnal predatory bird of the family Accipitridae, smaller than an eagle.
    — It is illegal to hunt hawks or other raptors in many parts of the world.
  2. A plasterer's tool, made of a flat surface with a handle below, used to hold an amount of plaster prior to application to the wall or ceiling being worked on: a mortarboard.
  3. A noisy effort to force up phlegm from the throat.
  4. Any diurnal predatory terrestrial bird of similar size and appearance to the accipitrid hawks, such as a falcon.
  5. Any of various species of dragonfly of the genera Apocordulia and Austrocordulia, endemic to Australia.
  6. An advocate of aggressive political positions and actions.
    — A hawk by nature, Ellenborough strongly favoured presenting St Petersburg with an ultimatum warning that any further incursions into Persia would be regarded as a hostile act.
  7. An uncooperative or purely selfish participant in an exchange or game, especially when untrusting, acquisitive or treacherous. Refers specifically to the prisoner's dilemma, a.k.a. the Hawk-Dove game.
  8. Cold, sharp or biting wind. US,often,with-definite-article
    — […] take-out sandwich from Arnie's on Jackson, then a brisk walk to Michigan Avenue in the face of the "Hawk," blowing newspapers and skirts and the gulls wheeling over the Michigan Avenue Bridge in front of […]
动词 v.
  1. To hunt with a hawk. transitive
    — To hawke, or els to hunt From the auter to the funt
  2. To sell; to offer for sale by outcry in the street; to carry (merchandise) about from place to place for sale; to peddle. transitive
    — The vendors were hawking their wares from little tables lining either side of the market square.
  3. To expectorate, to cough up (something, such as mucus) from one's throat; to produce (something) by coughing or clearing one's throat. intransitive,transitive
    — to hawk a loogie
  4. To make an attack while on the wing; to soar and strike like a hawk. intransitive
    — to hawk at flies
  5. To try to cough up something from one's throat; to clear the throat loudly; to cough heavily, especially causing uvular frication. intransitive,transitive
    — Grandpa sat on the front porch, hawking and wheezing, as he packed his pipe with cheap tobacco.

词形变化

hawks plural hawks present,singular,third-person hawking participle,present hawked participle,past hawked past hawks plural hawks present,singular,third-person hawking participle,present hawked participle,past hawked past hawks plural hawks present,singular,third-person hawking participle,present hawked participle,past hawked past

词汇关系

下位词
African harrier hawk aspere-hawk ball hawk bat hawk bay-winged hawk bee hawk bicoloured hawk bird hawk black hawk blue hawk broad-winged hawk brown hawk bush hawk buteo hawk buzzard hawk carrion hawk cherry hawk chicken hawk chicken-hawk chickenhawk cliff hawk common black hawk Cooper's hawk crane hawk crested hawk Cuban black hawk cuckoo hawk deficit hawk dor-hawk dorhawk dorrhawk Doria's hawk dove hawk duck hawk duck-hawk eagle hawk eagle-hawk eaglehawk fauxhawk ferruginous hawk fire hawk fish hawk fish-hawk fishhawk Galápagos hawk game hawk gnat hawk gnat-hawk gopher hawk grasshopper hawk gray hawk grey hawk gray-lined hawk grey-lined hawk great black hawk great-footed hawk Gundlach's hawk Harlan's hawk Harlan's red-tailed hawk harrier hawk Harris's hawk Hawaiian hawk hen hawk hen-hawk hobby hawk hover-hawk jack-hawk jashawk Jayhawk jiddy hawk killy hawk kitchen hawk kite hawk kitty hawk Krider's hawk lark-hawk liberal hawk long-tailed hawk Lucifer hawk make-hawk mangrove black hawk man-of-war hawk mar-hawk market-hawk marsh hawk meadowhawk molly hawk moor hawk mosquito hawk moth-hawk mountain hawk mouse hawk mouse-hawk mullet hawk news-hawk newshawk night hawk night-hawk pap-hawk partridge-hawk passage hawk peregrine hawk perry hawk pigeon hawk pigeon-hawk plain-breasted hawk pondhawk prairie hawk quail hawk red hawk red-shouldered hawk red-tailed hawk Ridgway's hawk ringtail hawk rock hawk rook hawk rough-legged hawk rufous-thighed hawk savanna hawk screech hawk screech-hawk sea hawk sea-hawk semicollared hawk sharp-shinned hawk shite-hawk short-tailed hawk shower hawk skeeter hawk small-bird-hawk smoke hawk snake hawk snipe hawk sparrow hawk sparrow-hawk sparrowhawk squirrel hawk stand hawk stannel hawk star-hawk stone hawk Swainson's hawk swallow-tailed hawk tarantula hawk tiny hawk vanner hawk war hawk war-hawk whistling hawk white-breasted hawk white hawk white-throated hawk zone-tailed hawk
衍生词
African harrier-hawk ballhawk Berigora hawk between hawk and buzzard blue hen-hawk blue marsh hawk budget hawk changeable hawk-eagle chickenhawk cicada hawk climate hawk common hawk-cuckoo crested hawk-eagle cuckoo-hawk dorhawk duck-hawk duskhawk eaglehawk eagle-hawk fishhawk fish-hawk flyhawk grasshawk green marsh hawk gunhawk harrier-hawk have eyes like a hawk hawk-beaked hawkbell hawk-billed hawk-cuckoo hawk-dove game hawk eagle hawk-eagle Hawkery Hawk-Eye hawk eye hawk-eyed hawk-faced hawkfish hawk fly hawk-fly hawk-headed parrot hawkish hawkishness hawkism hawkist hawk-kite hawkless hawklet hawklike hawk-like hawkling hawkmoth hawk moth hawk-moth hawknose hawk-nose hawknosed hawk-nosed hawk nose hawk-nut hawknut hawk of the fist hawk of the lure hawk of the sea hawk of the soar hawk-owl hawk owl hawk-parrot hawksbeard hawk's beard hawk's-beard hawk's bell hawk's bill hawksbill hawk's-bill turtle hawksbill turtle hawk's eye hawk's-eye hawk's-feet hawk's-foot hawk's meat Hawks Nest hawk swallow hawk-swallow hawkweed Hawkwing hawkwise hen-hawk know a hawk from a handsaw like a hawk like a mother hawk newshawk nighthawk northern hawk owl ornate hawk-eagle parahawk pigeonhawk privet hawk moth puttock red-backed hawk roadside hawk rufous-tailed hawk screech-hawk seahawk shitehawk spar-hawk sparrowhawk watch like a hawk Whitehawk white-rumped hawk white-tailed hawk hawked hawky hawker hawk after hawk at hawk for hawking hawk tuah
相关词
creshawk goshawk sparhawk Hawkshaw Hawkubite winkle-hawk

词源

词源 1
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kap-der.?
Proto-Germanic *habukaz
Proto-West Germanic *habuk
Old English hafoc
Middle English hauk
English hawk
From Middle English hauk, hauke, hawke, havek, from Old English hafoc, from Proto-West Germanic *habuk, from Proto-Germanic *habukaz, controversially derived from Proto-Indo-European *kopuǵos, perhaps ultimately derived from *kap- (“seize”).
Cognate with West Frisian hauk, German Low German Haavke, Dutch havik, German Habicht, Swedish hök, Danish høg, Norwegian Bokmål hauk, Norwegian Nynorsk hauk, Faroese heykur, Icelandic haukur, Finnish haukka, Estonian haugas; also Latin capys, capus (“bird of prey”), Albanian gabonjë, shkabë (“eagle”), Russian ко́бец (kóbec, “falcon”), Polish kobuz (“Eurasian Hobby”)).
词源 2
Uncertain; perhaps from Middle English hache (“battle-axe”), or from a variant use of the above, for this compare with Russian со́кол (sókol, “falcon, but also a hawk (plaster's tool), mortarboard”).
词源 3
Back-formation from hawker.
词源 4
Probably imitative, like hock (“cough”), hack (“cough”), although see the latter entry for more.
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