就“如何保护世界文化和自然遗产”提几条合理化的建议？英文双语对照

1.延续历史，传承文化，切实保护遗产的真实性和完整性。

：世界文化遗产的意义和价值，主要体现为独特的创造性和对特定历史时期文化的典型表现性。因此，保持真实性和整体性是两个基本要素。应在遗产地风貌区保护、文物修缮等方面注意坚持这两条原则，防止过度开发、“修旧如新”等倾向。

北京旧城整体保护仍面临严峻形势。故宫缓冲区虽然已经划定，《皇城保护规划》和《北京城市总体规划》也已公布实施，但能否落实是关键。政府必须下决心坚决遏制住旧城内目前依然十分强劲的房地产开发势头，切实加强对故宫缓冲区的保护，切实落实《总规》提出的对旧城实行“整体保护”的原则，真正保护好故宫这份人类共同的文化遗产。

2.明确管理主体，加快遗产保护立法。

目前北京的遗产地存在管理部门分散、各行其是的现象。应学习借鉴国际上的先进经验，抓紧研究遗产地管理体制的改革，尽快建立起符合我国国情的专门的世界遗产保护机构和科研机构。

新修订的《文物保护法》是目前做好世界文化遗产保护的重要法律依据，必须坚决贯彻落实好。北京市已公布《长城保护管理办法》，使长城保护在法制建设上大大前进一步。其他遗产地的专项立法亦应加快步伐，使遗产保护真正做到有法可依。

3.合理开发，适度利用。

强调历史文化遗产的保护性、社会公益性和传世性，已成为越来越多的国家的共识。在这方面，我们应尽快“与世界接轨”，坚决扭转将世界遗产的性质界定成“旅游资源”的错误倾向，更不能将遗产保护地变成经济开发区。应限定每天的参观人数，更新“单纯追求门票收入”等陈旧管理理念。市政府有关部门和区县应在科学发展观为指导，放宽眼界，大胆决策，逐步通过体制和机制改革，改变公益性管理单位差额补贴的经济运行方式，保护经费由政府全额拨款，从根本上解决长期保护与眼前利用间的矛盾。

4.保护技术有待提高。

我国遗产地的高层管理人才以及专业技术人员缺乏，保护技术相对落后，亟待提高。应加强国际间的交流合作，重视引进先进保护技术和手段，鼓励遗产地专业技术人员进行科技创新，探索适应我国、我市情况的新技术、新方法。

5.加强研究，扩大宣传教育。

世界遗产保护是群众性事业，应扩大宣传，积极发动和吸引更多的人共同参与。应重视和发挥志愿者及民间社会组织在遗产保护工作中不可替代的作用；充分发挥首都优势，整合中央和地方科研力量，开展对各遗产地乃至整个世界遗产保护事业的研究，组织编纂出版一批有较高理论价值的专著；加强对青少年的教育，提高他们保护、珍爱祖国文化遗产的自觉意识。北京师大附中组织学生调查北京世界遗产现状，与专家座谈，撰写论文，这一经验值得总结推广。

6.作好后备项目的申遗准备工作。

在防止“重申轻保”偏向的同时，要作好新项目申遗的准备工作，“以申促保，以保备申”，使申遗的准备工作做得更加扎实、有序。

1. continuance history, inheritance culture, the authenticity of cogent protection bequest and integrality.

: The meaning of world culture bequest and value, basically reflect behave a gender for individual creativity and the model to culture of specific history period. Accordingly, maintaining authenticity and integral sex is two main essential factor. Ground scene division should be produced in involuntary discharge of urine protection, cultural relic is reparative wait for a respect to notice to hold to these two principles, prevent excessive development, " long old be like new " wait for the tendency.

Protection of whole of Beijing old city still faces grim situation. Buffer of the Imperial Palace although already delimit, " emperor city protects a program " and " Beijing city overall planning " already also announced carry out, but whether fulfilling is crucial. The government must be determined determined keep within limits lives inside old city at present still very driving estate develops momentum, cogent the protection that strengthens buffer of pair of the Imperial Palace, cogent fulfil " total compasses " pair of old cities that put forward execute " whole is protected " principle, protect good the Imperial Palace truly this mankind's common culture heritage.

2. manages principal part clearly, accelerate bequest to protect legislation.

The management department of bequest ground existence of Beijing is at present dispersive, the phenomenon that each does what he thinks is right. Should learn the advanced experience that draws lessons from international to go up, clutch the reform that studies bequest ground runs system, build the special world bequest that accords with our country national condition to protect orgnaization and scientific research orgnaization as soon as possible.

New castigatory " cultural relic protects a law " it is the important legislation basis that becomes protection of bequest of good world culture at present, must carry out stoutly had fulfilled. Beijing already was announced " Great Wall protection runs way " , make Great Wall protection greatly ongoing on legal construction one pace. The special legislation of other bequest ground also should quicken pace, make bequest protection is accomplished truly the law can be depended on.

3. adds up to sleave to send, use moderately.

Emphasize sex of commonweal of the protection of historical culture bequest, society and sex of be handed down from ancient times, already became the consensus of more and more countries. In this respect, we answer as soon as possible " conform with the world " , turn round the property world bequest to be limitted stoutly " travel resource " wrong tendency, cannot protect heritage the ground to turn economy into the developing zone more. Should demarcate everyday visiting number, newer " income of pure pursuit entrance ticket " wait for stale management concept. Municipal government concerned branch and area county should be watched in scientific progress for guidance, relax horizon, bold and decision-making, adopt system and mechanism reform stage by stage, change commonweal sex manages the economic run mode of unit margin allowance, protective funds allocates funds by governmental sum, from go up at all solve long-term protection and use the contradiction between at the moment.

4. protects a technology to remain to rise.

The high-level government person with ability of ground of our country bequest and professional technology personnel are lacked, protective technology is relatively backward, rise urgently. Should strengthen the communication between international to cooperate, take seriously introduce advanced protection technology and measure, encourage personnel of technology of bequest ground major to undertake science and technology innovates, exploration gets used to the new technology of circumstance of our country, our city, new method.

5. strengthens research, enlarge conduct propaganda to teach.

World bequest protection is career of of a mass character, should enlarge conduct propaganda, be started actively and attract more people to be participated in jointly. Should take seriously and develop volunteer and civilian organism to protect the function that cannot supersede in the job in bequest; Develop capital dominant position adequately, mix in the center of conformity force of local scientific research, begin producing area of pair of each involuntary discharge of urine and even whole world bequest to protect the research of the career, the organization is compilatory the monograph that publishs a batch to have higher theoretical value; Strengthen pair of teenage education, raise the their protection, self-conscious consciousness that treasures motherland culture bequest. Histology of Beijing division old attached middle school gives birth to current situation of bequest of investigation Beijing world, with expert have an informal discussion, compose paper, this one experience is worth to sum up promotion.

6. has made the Shen Wei of mothball project intend the work.

In prevent " reiterate to be protected gently " deflection while, the preparation that wants Shen Wei of very new project works, "With explain hurried is protected, in order to keep equipment explain " , make preparative work of Shen Wei is done more solidly, orderly.