玩物养志例子？英文双语对照

王世襄：京城第一大玩家

早在少儿时期，在父母营造的宁静而闲适的家庭氛围里，王世襄快活自在。京城的各类传统玩意儿，除了京剧、养鸟这两项他没有"深情投入"，其余杂七杂八的玩意儿都玩得有板有眼。他曾趣味盎然地回忆："犹忆就读北京美侨小学，一连数周英文作文，篇篇言鸽。教师怒而掷还作业，叱曰：'汝今后如不改换题目，不论写得好坏，一律P（即poor）！'"由此可见，王世襄当时对养鸽入迷到什么程度。稍大，他又秋捉蛐蛐，冬养鸣虫，还学会了在葫芦上烫花的技艺。除此之外，他又拜清代善扑营布库（宫廷摔跤的功勋运动员）为师，学习摔跤，还从他们那里学会了只有赳赳武夫才玩的放大鹰和养獾狗……在玩乐中，王世襄结交了京城各阶层玩得有名气的不少朋友。

他玩的东西五花八门，粗算就有蟋蟀、鸽子、大鹰、獾狗、掼交、烹饪、火绘、漆器、竹刻、明式家具等。他玩这些不为消遣，而是真心喜爱。为了得到爱物，他舍得花钱，舍得搭工夫，甚至长途跋涉、餐风饮露亦在所不辞。为了穷究玩物的底里，又与许多平民百姓交朋友，虚心请教。沉潜既久，他于诸般玩技靡不精通，可"家"者就有诗词家、书法家、火绘家、驯鹰家、烹饪家、美食家、美术史家、中国古典音乐史家、文物鉴定家、民俗学家等。

据王世襄夫人袁荃猷曾介绍，在王世襄的诸多爱好中，最喜欢的是鸽子，而居住大杂院无法养鸽子则是他的最大遗憾。一次，王世襄赴郑州参加全国文史馆工作会议。当他流连于金博大广场时，发现当地正在举办观赏鸽大赛，他便兴致十足地走进了鸽群。在这里，他发现了许多久违的名种。鸽子的主人们虽然不知道他的身份，但很快就发现了这位老人与鸽子之间有种天然的亲近。一个年轻人指着一对黑中泛紫的鸽子问王世襄："您认识它们吗？""铁牛！"王世襄脱口而出。年轻人激动不已，坚持要将这对几近绝迹的名种送给他。

他玩的东西多半属于民俗，但大俗的东西到了他这儿却玩成了大雅。最可贵的是他能留心玩的学问，与一般玩家不同的是，老人不但能玩，也能写，大凡他玩过的东西，都留下了文字记载和他研究的心得。于是，黄苗子先生说他"玩物成家"，启功先生说他"研物立志"。过去在一般人眼里，架鹰走狗斗蛐蛐

是游手好闲的市井之徒所为，经他把这些东西加以描述和总结，这些东西马上升格，一变而成为了文化。他不失为一位玩物并研物的大玩家。可别小瞧这个玩家，正是因为喜欢玩，才活到90岁，不觉得自己老。

文人学庖是一种雅士之乐，自古而今，这种自寻其乐的美食名家一脉相承。善吃、善做、善品评，是王世襄在美食方面的另一半"绝学"。王世襄在圈内被称为"烹调圣手"，为大美食家汪曾祺先生所推崇。京城文化圈内流传甚广的故事，便是王世襄常应好友之邀，身背各色厨具，自行车上装备好原料，亲赴诸好友府上献艺。

据王老自己回忆："幼年读书之余，我喜欢进厨房去看厨师做莱，那时我家的家厨，多是从各地请来的名师，技术十分高超。在他们的指点下，我常常上灶，煎炒熘炸，样样都行。各帮莱，我都学，做菜的兴趣越来越浓，交了不少厨师朋友。在这些人主灶的饭馆里，我去吃饭或请客，他们都让我自己上灶炒菜。年轻的时候，一次做几桌菜，不以为是难事，反以为是乐事。很多年过去了，不少厨师一直认为我是他们的同行，而并不知道我的真正工作单位是在故宫里。"于是，到亲朋好友的家里，他也总喜欢亲自下厨，露几手"绝活"。

王世襄的拿手菜不少，其中仅香糟菜就有糟熘鱼片、糟煨茭白、糟煨冬笋、糟蛋海参等好几味。此外还有海米烧大葱、雪菜烧黄鱼、火腿菜心、鸡片烧豌豆、糖醋辣白菜、羊油麻豆腐、面包虾……好菜在口味，不在原料贵贱。一次老友聚餐，要求每位现场烹制一菜，有鱼翅，有海参，有大虾，有鲜贝，王世襄做了一个冷门菜：焖葱，结果被大伙儿一抢而空。

他吃出了见识，晚年所写关于美食的文字，亦获美食家们的好评，并曾受邀担任全国烹饪名师技术表演鉴定会特邀顾问。

Wang Shixiang: The capital is the biggest player

Be in early little period, in the halcyon and leisurely and comfortable family atmosphere that builds in parents, wang Shixiang is happy and comfortable. The of all kinds and traditional plaything of the capital, besides Beijing opera, aviculture these two he throws " without " deep feeling, the others is miscellaneous 7 miscellaneous the plaything of 8 plays measured. Flavour of his Ceng Qu recollects abundantly: " You Yi reads elementary school of Beijing beautiful live abroad, in succession counts Zhou Yingwen to write a composition, piece a Yan Ge. The teacher is angry and exercise pleasing return, chi Yue: You will be like ' not to change henceforth title, write no matter stand or fall, uniform P (namely Poor) ! '" this shows, wang Shixiang is columbine to raising at that time enchanted to what degree. Largish, he autumn the Qu that catch Qu, the winter is raised cry bug, still learned to iron beautiful craft on calabash. Besides, he does obeisance to library of cloth of Dai Shanpu battalion clear again (the exploit athlete that palace tumbles) for division, learn tumble, still mix from the enlarge eagle that learned to only the a soldier of dauntless courage just plays over there them the dog that raise badger... in libertinism, associate with of king world assist many friends that each estate plays the capital famously to enrage.

The thing that he plays is multifarious, rough calculation has dog of cricket, dove, big eagle, badger, hurl to hand in, furniture of draw of cooking, fire, lacquer, bamboo carving, bright type. He plays these to not be pastime, love sincerely however. To get love thing, his be willing to part with or use spends money, be willing to part with or use takes time, even drink of wind of trudge, eat is shown also will not hesitate to. For end investigate in the bottom of plaything, make friend with a lot of civilian common people again, modest consult. Heavy go already long, he at all kind blown away by wind playing trick is not perfectness, but Home " " person have historian of home of home of eagle of home of draw of poetic word home, calligrapher, fire, domesticate, cooking, epicure, art, China connoisseur of classical music historian, cultural relic, folklore home.

Ever introduced according to You of Yuan Quan of Mrs. Wang Shixiang, in a lot of hobby of Wang Shixiang, what like most is dove, and live the biggest regret that big miscellaneous courtyard cannot raise dove is him. , wang Shixiang goes to Zhengzhou to attend meeting of job of countrywide Rearch Institute of Culture and History. Flow when him when connecting Yu Jinbo big square, discover place is being held view and admire columbine contest, he interest was walked into dye-in-the-woodly columbine group. Here, he discovered a lot of long-unseen names are planted. The host of dove people although do not know his identity, but discovered very quickly to have between this old person and dove kind be close to naturally. A youth is pointing to a pair black in the dove with violet extensive asks Wang Shixiang: Do you know " they? "" iron ox-tractor! " Wang Shixiang is blurted out. The youth is excited unceasingly, insist to want to plant this to nearly disappeared name send him.

The thing most that he plays belongs to folk-custom, but the thing of great convention arrived here enjoyed good taste however. The most commendable is the scholarship that he can accept a heart to play, what differ with average player is, old person not only can play, also can write, generally the thing that he has played, left literal account and the result that he studies. Then, gentleman of yellow young plant says his " plaything to get married " , open result gentleman to say his " grinds content aspire " . Was in the past in average person eye, the flunky that wear an eagle fights Qu Qu

The apprentice place that is do-nothing marketplace is, try these things to describe and be summed up via him, the promote on these thing horses, change and became culture. His can yet be regarded as a plaything grinds the big player of content. Can fasten small look this player, because like to play,be, just live to be 90 years old, do not feel oneself are old.

Bookman learns cook is a kind of refined scholar is happy, since ancient times now, this kind finds come down in one continuous line of its happy cate a person of academic or artistic distinction oneself. Kind takes, be apt to is done, comment on of be apt to, it is Wang Shixiang learn " absolutely in the " of other in part of cate respect. Wang Shixiang is called inside the circle " of hand of " cook emperor, for praise highly of place of big epicure Mr Wang Cengqi. Circulate inside capital culture circle very extensive story, it is Wang Shixiang often answer of the good friend invite, carry kitchen utensils and appliances of of all kinds on the back personally, good raw material equips on the bicycle, go to all good friend you home to display in person art.

According to king is old oneself recollect: " childhood reads, I like to see chef do Lai into the kitchen, in those days the domestic hutch of my home, it is the renown division that invites from each district more, the technology is very excellent. Give directions in theirs below, I often go up kitchen, decoct fries saute blast, all goes. Each help Lai, I learn, the interest that makes food is stronger and stronger, made many chef friends. In these people advocate in the restaurant of kitchen, I go having a meal or entertain guests, they let fried dish of the kitchen on myself. Young when, make food of a few desks, thinking is tickler, thinking instead is amusement. Went a lot of years, many chef think I am their person of the same trade all the time, and the real work unit that does not know me is to be in the Imperial Palace. " then, in close friends' home, he likes always also to prepare food personally, show " of a few hands absolutely vivid " .

Expert vegetable of Wang Shixiang is not little, among them only sweet flooey dish has egg of winter bamboo shoots of cook over a slow fire of wild rice stem of cook over a slow fire of flooey saute slices of fish meat, flooey, flooey, flooey holothurian wait for several flavour. In addition still dried shrimps burns dish of green Chinese onion, snow to cook heart of dish of yellow croaker, ham, chicken piece burn oil of pea, sweet-and-sour hot Chinese cabbage, sheep shrimp of hemp bean curd, biscuit... good food is in taste, be absent raw material gentle and simple. Lad dines together, ask every spot cooks one food, have fim, have holothurian, have prawn, have Xian Bei, wang Shixiang made food of an an unexpected winner: Stew green, the result is grabbed by we all and empty.

He eats gave experience, old age place writes the script about cate, yi Huomei feeds the home people reputably, ever sufferred invite hold the position of technology of division of countrywide cooking name to perform appraisal meeting specially invite is advisory.