电动汽车电池标准最新规定？英文双语对照

2020年5月12日，工业和信息化部组织制定的GB 18384-2020《电动汽车安全要求》、GB 38032-2020《电动客车安全要求》和GB 38031-2020《电动汽车用动力蓄电池安全要求》三项强制性国家标准（以下简称“三项强标”）由国家市场监督管理总局、国家标准化管理委员会批准发布，将于2021年1月1日起开始实施。

电动汽车安全是消费者关注的焦点，也是新能源汽车产业持续健康发展的根本保障。为落实《节能与新能源汽车产业发展规划（2012-2020年）》《汽车产业中长期发展规划》等要求，结合新能源汽车产业发展实际和技术进步需要，工业和信息化部于2016年启动电动汽车安全三项强标制定工作。三项强标以我国原有推荐性国家标准为基础，与我国牵头制定的联合国电动汽车安全全球技术法规（UN GTR 20）全面接轨，进一步提高和优化了对电动汽车整车和动力电池产品的安全技术要求。其中：

《电动汽车安全要求》主要规定了电动汽车的电气安全和功能安全要求，增加了电池系统热事件报警信号要求，能够第一时间给驾乘人员安全提醒；强化了整车防水、绝缘电阻及监控要求，以降低车辆在正常使用、涉水等情况下的安全风险；优化了绝缘电阻、电容耦合等试验方法，以提高试验检测精度，保障整车高压电安全。

《电动客车安全要求》针对电动客车载客人数多、电池容量大、驱动功率高等特点，在《电动汽车安全要求》标准基础上，对电动客车电池仓部位碰撞、充电系统、整车防水试验条件及要求等提出了更为严格的安全要求，增加了高压部件阻燃要求和电池系统最小管理单元热失控考核要求，进一步提升电动客车火灾事故风险防范能力。

《电动汽车用动力蓄电池安全要求》在优化电池单体、模组安全要求的同时，重点强化了电池系统热安全、机械安全、电气安全以及功能安全要求，试验项目涵盖系统热扩散、外部火烧、机械冲击、模拟碰撞、湿热循环、振动泡水、外部短路、过温过充等。特别是标准增加了电池系统热扩散试验，要求电池单体发生热失控后，电池系统在5分钟内不起火不爆炸，为乘员预留安全逃生时间。

三项强标是我国电动汽车领域首批强制性国家标准，综合我国电动汽车产业的技术创新成果与经验总结，与国际标准法规进行了充分协调，对提升新能源汽车安全水平、保障产业健康持续发展具有重要意义。

On May 12, 2020, the GB 18384-2020 that industry and informatization ministry organization make " electric car safety asks " , GB 38032-2020 " safety of electric passenger car asks " with GB 38031-2020 " electric car uses dynamical accumulator safety to ask " 3 mandatory national level (the following abbreviation " 3 strong mark " ) supervise by national market manage, will begin to carry out at rising on January 1, 2021.

Electric car safety is the focus that consumer pays close attention to, also be industry of automobile of new energy resources lasts the essential safeguard of healthy progress. To fulfil " energy-saving develop a program with industry of automobile of new energy resources (2012-2020 year) " " long-term development plans in automobile industry " wait for a requirement, industry of automobile of combinative new energy resources grows to need actually with technical progress, industry and informatization ministry started electric car safety 2016 3 strong mark make the work. 3 strong mark with our country original recommend sexual state level to be a foundation, take the lead with our country the U.N. that make is dynamoelectric code of technology of automobile safety whole world (UN GTR 20) conform in the round, rise further and optimized truckload to electric car the safe technology requirement with dynamical cell product. Among them:

" electric car safety asks " the electric security that basically provided electric car and functional security demand, increased batteries system to heat up requirement of incident alarm signal, can give for a short while drive remind by personnel safety; Aggrandizement truckload and waterproof, insulation resistance and monitoring requirement, using in order to drop car normally, the safe risk below the circumstance such as ford; Optimized the experiment method such as coupling of insulation resistance, capacitance, detect in order to raise a test precision, safeguard is truckload high-pressured report is safe.

" safety of electric passenger car asks " carry a guest to count capacity of much, batteries in the light of electric passenger car power of big, drive is advanced characteristic, in " electric car safety asks " on standard foundation, to storehouse of batteries of electric passenger car place collides, charge system, truckload condition of water proof test and requirement raised more strict safe requirement, added high-pressured part flame retardant unit of the smallest management heats up requirement and batteries system out of control examines a requirement, promote risk of accident of fire of electric passenger car to be on guard further ability.

" electric car asks with dynamical accumulator safety " in optimize group of batteries monomer, model while safety asks, key aggrandizement batteries system hot safety, rigid security, electric safety and functional security ask, test project covers systematic thermal diffusion, exterior baked wheaten cake, mechanical concussion, imitate too water of loop of collision, damp and hot, oscillatory bubble, exterior short circuit, lukewarm fill too etc. Especially the standard raised test of batteries system thermal diffusion, after requirement batteries monomer produces hot out of control, batteries system is inside 5 minutes not on fire does not explode, flee for his life to take an obligate security time.

3 strong mark are domain of our country electric car first mandatory national level, the technical innovation achievement of industry of electric automobile of integrated our country and experience are summed up, undertook be harmonied adequately with international standard code, health of industry of standard of safety of automobile of new to promotion energy resources, safeguard develops continuously have important sense.