脊柱侧弯的英语怎么说?

脊柱侧弯（scoliosis）是一种常见的脊柱畸形，表现为脊柱向侧方弯曲并伴有旋转。该疾病可以出现在任何年龄段，但最常见于青春期期间。根据弯曲的严重程度，脊柱侧弯可能会引发背痛、呼吸困难以及其他健康问题。

英语词汇

• Scoliosis: 脊柱侧弯
• Spine: 脊柱
• Curvature: 弯曲
• Adolescence: 青春期
• Orthopedic: 骨科的
• Brace: 支具
• Surgery: 手术
• Physical therapy: 物理治疗
• Diagnosis: 诊断
• Radiograph/X-ray: X光片

Scoliosis is a medical condition in which a person's spine has an abnormal curvature, causing the spine to bend to one side. This can result in a range of symptoms, from mild to severe, depending on the degree of the curvature. The causes of scoliosis are not fully understood, but it is known that it can affect people of all ages, including children, adolescents, and adults.

In children and adolescents, idiopathic scoliosis is the most common type, and it often develops during growth spurts. Early detection is crucial as it allows for non-surgical treatments such as bracing or physical therapy, which can help to slow or halt the progression of the curve. In some cases, if the curve becomes severe enough, surgical intervention may be necessary to prevent further complications.

For adults, scoliosis can be a result of degenerative processes, such as arthritis, or it may be a progression of a childhood condition. Treatment options for adults often include pain management, physical therapy, and in severe cases, surgery.

Diagnosis of scoliosis typically involves a physical examination and imaging tests, such as X-rays, to assess the severity of the curve. The treatment plan is tailored to the individual's needs and may include observation, bracing, or surgery.

脊柱侧弯是一种医疗状况，指一个人的脊柱出现异常弯曲，导致脊柱向一侧弯曲。这可能导致从轻微到严重的一系列症状，具体取决于弯曲的程度。脊柱侧弯的原因尚未完全理解，但已知它可以影响所有年龄段的人，包括儿童、青少年和成人。

在儿童和青少年中，特发性脊柱侧弯是最常见的类型，通常在生长高峰期发展。早期发现至关重要，因为它允许使用非手术治疗，如矫形或物理治疗，这有助于减缓或停止曲线的进展。在某些情况下，如果曲线变得足够严重，可能需要外科干预以防止进一步的并发症。

对于成人来说，脊柱侧弯可能是由于退化过程，如关节炎，或者是儿童时期状况的进展。成人的治疗选择通常包括疼痛管理、物理治疗，以及在严重情况下的手术。

脊柱侧弯的诊断通常包括身体检查和成像测试，如X光，以评估曲线的严重程度。治疗计划是根据个人的需求量身定制的，可能包括观察、矫形或手术。

英语会话

Doctor: Good morning, how can I help you today?

Patient: Good morning, doctor. My daughter has been complaining of back pain, and I noticed that her shoulders appear uneven.

Doctor: I see. Let's do a physical examination first. Has she experienced any other symptoms, like difficulty breathing?

Patient: Not really, but she does seem to have trouble sitting up straight sometimes.

Doctor: It sounds like she might have scoliosis. We'll need to take an X-ray to confirm the diagnosis and determine the severity of the curve.

Patient: What are the treatment options if she has scoliosis?

Doctor: Depending on the degree of the curvature, treatments can range from observation and regular check-ups to wearing a brace or even surgery in severe cases. Early detection is key to managing it effectively.

Patient: Thank you, doctor. We will proceed with the X-ray.

Doctor: You're welcome. Let's get her scheduled for the X-ray as soon as possible.

医生: 早上好，今天有什么我能帮忙的吗？

病人: 早上好，医生。我女儿一直抱怨背痛，我注意到她的肩膀好像不对称。

医生: 我明白了。我们先做一个体检。她有没有出现其他症状，比如呼吸困难？

病人: 没有，但是她有时确实坐不直。

医生: 听起来她可能有脊柱侧弯。我们需要拍个X光片来确认诊断并确定弯曲的严重程度。

病人: 如果她确实有脊柱侧弯，有哪些治疗选择呢？

医生: 根据弯曲的程度，治疗方法可能包括观察和定期检查、佩戴支具，甚至在严重情况下进行手术。早期发现对于有效管理非常重要。

病人: 谢谢你，医生。我们会进行X光检查。

医生: 不客气。我们尽快安排她做X光检查。