亚文化什么是亚文化分类几种典型文化？英文双语对照

一、亚文化什么是亚文化分类几种典型文化？

亚文化又称集体文化或副文化，指与主文化相对应的那些非主流的、局部的文化现象，指在主文化或综合文化的背景下，属于某一区域或某个集体所特有的观念和生活方式，一种亚文化不仅包含着与主文化相通的价值与观念，也有属于自己的独特的价值与观念。

 亚文化有各种分类方法，罗伯逊将亚文化分为人种的亚文化、年龄的亚文化、生态学的亚文化等。如年龄亚文化可分为青年文化、老年文化；生态学的亚文化可分为城市文化、郊区文化和乡村文化等。由于亚文化是直接作用或影响人们生存的社会心理环境，其影响力往往比主文化更大，它能赋予人一种可以辨别的身份和属于某一群体或集体的特殊精神风貌和气质。

二、我国典型的白色人种有哪些民族？我国典型的白？

塔吉克族。他们就是生活在新疆最南端的帕米尔高原上的塔吉克族。他们是古代东伊朗人的后裔，是中国最纯血统的欧罗巴人种，也就是纯血统的雅利安人，是中国唯一的纯白种人（俄罗斯族是十月革命后很多移居到中国，还有苏联移民的后裔，他们跟中国人经过百年的通婚，其外貌、长相、风俗和习惯等，已与俄罗斯的俄罗斯人完全不同。而渐渐形成了自己的民族特色，但已不是纯白种人）。目前人口只有5万多。塔吉克族早在公元2000年前就生活在帕米尔高原这片土地上了。塔吉克民族是一群快乐的民族，他们都深爱着自己的土地，深爱着我们的祖国。当然他们是名副其实的祖国人，是中国56个名族不可或缺的一部分！中国塔吉克族主要分布在新疆省西南部的塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县，其余分布在莎车、泽普、叶城和皮山等县。根据2010年第六次全国人口普查统计，塔吉克族人口数为51069人，主要从事畜牧业和种植业。塔吉克族人口中60%聚居在帕米尔高原上的塔什厍尔干塔吉克族自治县，其余主要分布在附近的莎车、泽普、阿克陶和皮山等县，这些县里都设有塔吉克民族乡。自古繁衍生息在帕米尔高原东部的塔吉克族和不同时期从帕米尔高原西部东迁的塔吉克族构成了我国境内的塔吉克族。

三、我国典型的玄武岩地貌？

福建福鼎市白琳大嶂山的玄武岩储存量50000万立方米，矿石裸露地表，呈墨黑色、色调凝重高雅，是全国罕见的高级建筑板材，属全国建筑石材基地之一，被国务院建材总局命名“福鼎黑”。

河南洛阳市蔡店乡的玄武岩呈大小圆块状，储量大，在地表以下五十公分左右分布广泛，深可达百十余米，矿石呈墨黑色，品质优良，经河南省交通规划勘察设计院、地堪实验中心、河南省公路工程试验检测中心检验各项技术指标要求，其结果表明玄武岩石料具有硬度大、强度高、耐磨性好、抗滑系数大，与沥青粘结力强等，符合高速公路沥青面层用粗集料质量要求，是高等级公路路面，机场跑道，铁路道砟的最佳石料。

镜泊湖北有瀑布状、波浪状的;莺歌岭一带有圆馒头状、宝塔状的;渤海镇和沙兰乡之间，是巨蟒状和熔岩隧道等。这里地质、地貌构造新颖、形态各异，丰富多彩。山东沂水圈里乡，呈波浪状的分布全乡35平方公里，玄武岩储量350亿吨左右，山东平邑县境内也有大量品质优良的玄武岩。

安徽明光市玄武岩矿产资源丰富，大量分布于地处明光市城西的城西街道办事处，307、309省道、104国道、蚌宁高速公路、津沪铁路贯穿全境，西徐工业区砂石专用码头可停靠500吨船只直航长江，地理位置优越，交通十分便利。现已探明的远景储量1.68亿吨，探明可开采储量3400万吨，在皖东地区储量最大，年开采加工量在100多万吨，经东南大学、同济大学科学技术检测为国家一级玄武岩。玄武岩是生产铸石的主要原料。铸石具有较高的耐化学腐蚀性和耐酸性能，具有较大的硬度和机械强度，广泛用于化工、冶金、电力、煤炭、建材、纺织和轻工等工业部门。玄武岩是生产玄武岩纸、石灰火山岩无熟料水泥、装饰板材、人造纤维的原料，还是陶瓷工业中的节能原料。

四、我国板根现象最典型的地区？

在我国云南孟定沟谷中的雨林，具板根的乔木占乔木总数的60%，如高山榕、大花五垭果、印度橡皮树（Ficus elas－fica）、红厚壳（Calophyllum inophyllum）等都是比较常见的具有板状根的植物。

五、我国最典型的寡头垄断市场是？

垄断市场：国家垄断经济势力，中石油，中石化，铁道部，国家电网等。

垄断竞争市场：典型的角逐是微软，谷歌，苹果。（效果也跟寡头一样但依靠核心竞争力来角逐）

完全竞争市场：中小型企业涉及的方方面面，广泛。

一般日用工业品和副食品属于什么市场：一般归属大宗市场，性质是完全竞争。主要以中小企业为主。部分工业大型企业。

六、云南哈尼梯田属于我国典型的？

属于我国典型的湿地类型，位于云南省元阳县的哀牢山，它是中国最美的十大梯田之一。2013年，云南红河哈尼梯田被列入世界遗产名录。

七、我国典型的水利工程重要概括？

我国典型的水利工程，是以防洪为主，兼顾防凌、减淤、灌溉和发电综合利用的一座特大型水利枢纽工程。枢纽由大坝、泄洪建筑物及发电系统组成。 　　

八、什么岛是我国最典型的珊瑚海岸？

广东雷州半岛，南海诸岛为我国典型的珊瑚海岸

九、亚文化的定义？

亚文化:又称集体文化或副文化，指与主文化相对应的那些非主流的、局部的文化现象，指在主文化或综合文化的背景下，属于某一区域或某个集体所特有的观念和生活方式，一种亚文化不仅包含着与主文化相通的价值与观念，也有属于自己的独特的价值与观念。

1950年大卫·雷斯曼（David Riesman）提出大众和次文化的差别，并且将次文化诠释为具有颠覆精神。大众是“消极地接受了商业所给予的风格和价值”的人，而次文化则“积极地寻求一种小众的风格（在当时为热爵士乐）”。于是“听众……操控了产品（因此也操控了生产者），就如同产品操控了听众一般”（Riesman 1950: 361）。

因此，当一个次文化成员“即使没有任何其他人在场，也会聆听某种音乐时，他是在一种想像‘他人’在场的脉络下聆听音乐的——他聆听音乐常常是为了要去和那些‘他人’建立起关系。他对大众媒体的观感受到他所隶属的同侪团体所形塑。这些团体不只是在为音乐分高低而已，他们是以一种更细腻的方式（ibid: 366）”

十、亚文化的符号？

1、火星文：为网民发明的符号字体，用于减省字数及笔画，本意是提高输入速度，后来演变成了一种独特的亚文化。

2、JK：JK一词来源于日本网络流行语，意为女高中生，慢慢变成了女子高中生制服的穿着，形成了JK文化。

3、汉服：随着国风潮流，汉服也慢慢产生了很多的爱好者，形成了一种亚文化。

4、御宅族：资深ACGN爱好者的泛称，由于ACGN不为主流文化接受，故该族群常为大众误解。

5、Brony：美国动画《彩虹小马》爱好者，一般不属于ACG范围内，其分布之广泛足以形成一种次文化。

One, inferior culture what is inferior a few kinds of typical culture does culture classify?

Inferior culture calls collective culture or deputy culture again, point to those blame main trends that change photograph correspondence with main body of a court verdict, local culture phenomenon, point to be changed in main body of a court verdict or below the setting of integrated culture, belong to the sense with some area or peculiar place of a certain collective and lifestyle, a kind inferior culture includes move and main body of a court verdict to turn the value that be interlinked and idea not only, also have the unique value that attributes oneself and idea.

 Inferior culture has all sorts of classification methods, luo Baixun Jiang Yawen changes minute of humanness to plant inferior of culture, age inferior culture, ecological inferior culture. Like the age inferior culture can be divided for young culture, senile culture; Ecological inferior culture can be divided wait for urban culture, suburb culture and rustic culture. As a result of inferior culture is immediate effect or the social psychology that affect people to live environment, its consequence often is changed than main body of a court verdict bigger, it can gift the identity that the person can discern one kind and the special spirit view that attribute some group or collective pledge compatibly.

2, what nation does the white race of our country model have? Of our country model white?

The Tajik nationality. They live in Xinjiang namely most the Tajik nationality on Na Duan's the Pamirs. They are ancient time the descendant of Dong Yilang's person, it is China most full-blooded Ou Luoba is racial, namely full-blooded elegant benefit brings a person, it is China's exclusive pure Caucasian (Russia a group of things with common features it is October revolutionary hind is very much migrate China, still have the descendant with emigrant Russia, they pass the be related by marriage of hundred years with the Chinese, its appearance, appearance, custom and habit, already differred completely with the Russian of Russia. And the ethical characteristic that formed oneself gradually, but already not was pure Caucasian) . At present population has 50 thousand only much. The Tajik nationality is in early the Christian era lives in the the Pamirs before 2000 on this land. Nation of tower auspicious gram is a flock of gay peoples, they are loving their village god greatly, loving our motherland greatly. Of course the motherland person that they are be worthy of the name, it is the one part with 56 name indispensable a group of things with common features of Chinese! The Er of tower assorted library that Chinese the Tajik nationality basically distributings to visit southwest department in Xinjiang does tower auspicious to overcome an autonomous county, the others distributings to wait for a county in Sha car, lustre general, Xie Cheng and Pi Shan. Basis 2010 count of census of the 6th whole nation, population of the Tajik nationality is 51069 people, basically be engaged in stock raising and grow line of business. The Gan Daji of Er of tower assorted She on the the Pamirs overcomes the 60% inhabit a region in population of the Tajik nationality a group of things with common features autonomous county, the others basically distributings the county such as the Sha car around, lustre general, A Ketao and Pi Shan, these counties set tower auspicious to overcome ethical country. Multiply to be in haunt since ancient times the Tajik nationality of the Pamirs the eastpart part and different period from the the Pamirs western east the Tajik nationality that the Tajik nationality of change formed our country churchyard.

3, the basaltic landforms of our country model?

The basalt of hill of big a screen-like mountain peak of white beautiful jade of city of Fujian blessing vessel stores measure 500 million stere, ore is bare and upper, the black that show Chinese ink, tonal dignified is decorous, it is the whole nation's infrequent high structure board, belong to the whole nation to build one of stone material base, be named by total bureau of building materials of the State Council " Fu Ding is black " .

The basalt of countryside of inn of Cai of Henan Luoyang city submits size cob form, reserve is large, it is under the earth's surface 50 centimeter left and right sides is widespread, can amount to rice of beyond of a hundred or so greatly, ore presents black black, quality is good, experiment of project of highway of province of center of test of can of designing institute of reconnaissance of program of traffic of classics Henan province, ground, Henan detects the center examines requirement of each technology index, its show basaltic stone has hardness as a result big, intensity tall, wearability is good, fight slippery coefficient big, wait by force with bitumen felt force, accord with freeway bitumen facing to expect with wide market quality asks, it is road surface of advanced course road, airport runway, the optimal stone of railroad ballast.

The; Bohai Sea that lens berth Hubei has mountain of song of warbler of; of chute shape, wavy to contain shape of round steamed bread, pagoda condition is pressed down and between sanded Lanxiang, it is python shape and lava channel. Geological, landforms constructs here novel, configuration each different, rich and colorful. The countryside in hydrosphere of Shandong short for the Yihe River, show wavy to distributing whole country 35 square kilometer, basaltic reserves is controlled 35 billion tons, shandong makes the same score city county churchyard to also have the basalt with a large number of good quality.

Anhui mineral products of basalt of bright light city is resourceful, a large number of distributinging at be located in town of bright light city the city on the west on the west street agency, 307, 309 provinces path, 104 nations line, mussel is peaceful railroad of Shanghai of freeway, ferry is perforative whole area, on the west arenaceous stone of division of Xu Gong estate single user wharf but berth the Yangtse River of straight boat of 500 tons of ships, situation is advantageous, communication is very easy. Now already the distant view reserves of ascertain 168 million tons, ascertain can extract reserve 34 million tons, in Anhui east area reserve is the largest, year exploitation treatment capacity is in many tons 100, science and technology of the classics southeast university, university that be the same as aid detects for the country one class basalt. Basalt is the main raw material that produces casting stone. Casting stone is had taller be able to bear or endure chemistry is caustic with acid-proof function, have bigger hardness and mechanical strength, use extensively at chemical industry, metallurgy, electric power, coal, building materials, spin to mix light industrial wait for industrial department. Basalt is production the raw material of plank of clinker-free cement of lava of basaltic paper, lime, adornment, man-made fibre, still be the energy-saving raw material in potter course of study.

4, the area with the most typical phenomenon of root of our country board?

The rain forest in channel cereal is decided in the first month of our country Yunnan, 60% what provide the arbor of board root to hold arboreal sum total, be like high mountain banyan, big flower balata of fruit of 5 strip of land between hills, India (Ficus Elas - Fica) , red thick carapace (Calophyllum Inophyllum) etc is commonner the plant that has board shape root.

5, is our country's most typical oligopoly market?

Hold the market: Influence of state monopoly economy, in oil, in petrifaction, railway ministry, national electrified wire netting.

Forestall competition market: Typical contend is Microsoft, gu Ge, apple. (the effect also follows oligarch same but support core competition ability comes contend)

Complete competition market: The square respect area that small and medium sized business involves, extensive.

Industrial product of general of everyday use and deputy food attribute what market: General and attributive a large amount of markets, property is complete competition. Basically give priority to with medium and small businesses. Partial industry is large enterprise.

6, does terraced field of Yunnan Ha Ni belong to our country model?

Attribute the wet kind of our country model, be located in Yunnan to save the sad prison hill of yuan of in relief county, it is one of China's most beautiful 10 big terraced field. 2013, terraced field of Ha Ni of Yunnan red river is included world bequest directory.

7, is the water conservancy project of our country model important and wraparound?

The water conservancy project of our country model, be give priority to with prevent or control flood, reduce the menace of ice run of give attention to two or morethings, decrease the project of silt, an oversize key water control project that irrigate and generates electricity to be used integratedly. 　　

8, what island is our country's most typical coral coast?

Peninsula of Guangdong thunder city, nanhai Zhu Dao is the coral coast of our country model

9, inferior the definition of culture?

Inferior culture: ?  of act of Chi of leg of another name for Jiangxi Province of  of  of my act of buffalo gnat of  of act of Li of breed duckweed  where cuts miscellaneous Φ does ┓ invade establish of ⒕ of condyle Jian copy does a surname of clam of  of act of Chi of Shi of ridge of  of Xi of obstruct of  of Kang Nai act hold act  to seek  of dirt postscript approach to bright does flatter gallop?

The big 1950 Lei Siman that defend · (David Riesman) raise the masses and the difference of second culture, and explain second culture overturn to have spirit. The masses is " the style that accepted commercial place inactively to give and value " person, culture criterion " actively seeks a kind small numerous style (hot jazz is at that time) " . Then " audience... hold controlled a product (because this also is held,accused producer) , hold as the product accused audience general " (Riesman 1950: 361) .

Accordingly, when member of a second culture " although do not have any someone else attendant, also meet listen respectfully when some kind of music, he is to be in a kind to envisage ' other ' of music of the listen respectfully below attendant sequence of thought -- music of his listen respectfully often goes to want and those ' other ' establish a relationship. He experiences him to the view of public media the model of peer-group place form with subject place. These organizations just are not in assign on any account for music just, they are with a kind of more exquisite means (Ibid: 366) "

10, inferior the symbol of culture?

1, Martian article: For the symbolic form of a written or printed character that the netizen invents, use at decreasing province word number and strokes, original idea is to raise input rate, evolved into a kind later distinctive inferior culture.

2, JK: One word of JK originates Japanese network catchword, meaning be born for female high school, turned woman high school into the dress of unripe uniform slowly, formed JK culture.

3, Chinese take: As the country agitation flows, chinese take also produced a lot of lover slowly, formed a kind inferior culture.

4, drive curtilage a group of things with common features: The general term of senior ACGN lover, because ACGN is not mainstream culture to accept, reason this a group of things with common features group often misunderstand for the masses.

5, Brony: American animation " rainbow pony " lover, do not belong to ACG limits commonly inside, the extensive enough that its distributing forms a kind of second culture.