太湖雪桑蚕文化园是非常好玩的,位于苏州市吴江区震泽镇震庙公路湿地公园内,以蚕桑为主题的生态园,通过一系列浸入式体验,更好地了解了震泽的蚕桑丝绸文化。
1.《蚕妇吟》宋朝·谢枋得
子规啼彻四更时, 起视蚕稠怕叶稀。 不信楼头杨柳月, 玉人歌舞未曾归。
2.《蚕妇》宋朝·张俞
昨日入城市,归来泪满巾。遍身罗绮者,不是养蚕人。
3.《咏蚕》五代·蒋贻恭
辛勤得茧不盈筐,灯下缫丝恨更长。著处不知来处苦,但贪衣上绣鸳鸯。
4.《蚕谷行》唐朝·杜甫
天下郡国向万城,无有一城无甲兵!焉得铸甲作农器,一寸荒田牛得耕?牛尽耕,蚕亦成。不劳烈士泪滂沱,男谷女丝行复歌。
5.《蚕妇》唐朝·来鹄
晓夕采桑多苦辛,好花时节不闲身。若教解爱繁华事,冻杀黄金屋里人。
桑蚕起源于中国。由古代栖息于桑树的原始蚕驯化而来,形态和习性与今天食害桑叶的野桑蚕(Bombyxmandarina)(见桑树害虫)十分相似,血清沉淀反应强度也相同,杂交能产生正常子代。
桑蚕的染色体是28对,野桑蚕则有27对和28对两种类型,一般认为桑蚕与中国的28对型野桑蚕同源。
人类最初可能是从桑林中采集原始野生蚕茧取丝利用;随着人类生活的定居和对蚕丝用途的进一步了解而试行在室内养蚕。
经过长期的培育和选择,野生蚕才逐渐驯化成为具有今天这样经济性状的桑蚕种。
黄冕镇素有“桑蚕之乡”的美誉,全镇有8000多农户从事种桑养蚕,桑园总面积达5.4万亩,桑园面积、养蚕量、鲜蚕茧产量均居全国乡镇前列。
sāng cán
桑蚕,是一种以桑叶为食料的鳞翅目泌丝昆虫,属无脊椎动物,节肢动物门 蚕蛾科 蚕蛾属桑蚕种。栽桑养蚕的主要目的物是蚕茧和丝绸,蚕一生经过卵、幼虫、蛹、成虫 4 个形态上和生理机能上完全不同的发育阶段, 每一个发育阶段的不同部位及其代谢物都有广泛的药用价值。
这个行业里,蚕丝指的是蚕吐出的纤维,泛指丝绸的原材料白厂丝,丝绵指的是用于制作蚕丝被的原材料,多为缫丝厂制作白厂丝后留下的副产品,也有无法制作白厂丝的原料加工而成。
桑蚕丝应该含100%,才是纯天然的桑蚕丝。如果不含100%就是混纺。
:工艺不同、用途不同、数量不同。
一、工艺不同
1、桑蚕长丝:桑蚕长丝是从喷丝孔挤出,经空气冷却或在凝固浴中凝固成丝。
2、桑蚕丝:桑蚕丝是从几个蚕茧的茧丝抽出,借丝胶粘合包裹而成的丝。
二、用途不同
1、桑蚕长丝:桑蚕长丝普遍应用于各种衣着,装饰织造用。
2、桑蚕丝:桑蚕丝不仅是衣物织造最主要的原料,而且还可用于制成人造血管。
三、数量不同
1、桑蚕长丝:桑蚕长丝通常用十几根或数十根单根长丝合在一起。
2、桑蚕丝:桑蚕丝由两根单纤维借丝胶粘合包覆而成。
蚕的生命蜕变在自然界生物中是具有独特性和典型性的,以此为教学对象、观察对象,从独特、便利、方便、卫生、无害、安全等各方面来说,都是很好的选择。在中国,特别是南方,养蚕曾经非常普遍。五六十年代,无论城乡,家家养蚕几乎是随处可见的景象,那时,养蚕几乎还是所有人家补贴家用的重要经济来源。养蚕知识也是家喻户晓。至于桑树桑叶,那时倒也是遍地都是,唾手可得。实际上,从科学角度而言,由桑蚕到缫丝到织锦,这个过程蕴含的科学与发明,是值得中国人骄傲和传承的。丝绸的发明曾经代表了东方文明的绚烂、高贵、华彩、美丽,让全世界倾倒,也让全世界长久地难解其中奥秘。为弄清楚丝绸的来源,多少西方人绞尽脑汁都还是百思不得其解,闹出了种种笑话。最后,还是靠窃取才使丝绸的秘密流传出去。现在看来,让一种小生物所吐出的丝线变成人类华美的服饰,的确是一件石破天惊的事情。古罗马崇拜丝绸,把中国叫做丝国。丝绸和丝绸之路几千年来都是中国的文明标杆和标志。
桑蚕缫丝有关诗句,例如:“养蚕缲茧成匹帛,那堪绕帐作旌旗。”
原文如下:
《凉州行》
唐代·王建
凉州四边沙皓皓,汉家无人开旧道。边头州县尽胡兵,将军别筑防秋城。万里人家皆已没,年年旌节发西京。多来中国收妇女,一半生男为汉语。蕃人旧日不耕犁,相学如今种禾黍。驱羊亦著锦为衣,为惜毡裘防斗时。养蚕缲茧成匹帛,那堪绕帐作旌旗。城头山鸡鸣角角,洛阳家家学胡乐。
作者简介:王建(约767年—约830年):字仲初,生于颍川(今河南许昌),唐朝诗人。
Too garden of culture of lake snow silkworm is very amused, be located in Suzhou city Wu Jiang inside park of wet ground of highway of temple of shake of Ou Zhenze town, give priority to the zoology garden of the problem with silkworm mulberry, pass a series of immersion experiences, understood the culture of silkworm mulberry silk of shake lustre better.
1. " silkworm Fu chant " Xie Fang of · of face of the Song Dynasty is gotten
Cuckoo caw thorough 4 more when, silkworm is inspected since stiff be afraid of Xie Xi. Do not believe month of building head willow, have not of jade person singing and dancing returns.
2. " silkworm Fu " Zhang Yu of · of face of the Song Dynasty
Enter a town yesterday, return lachrymal full towel. The person that all over body collect figured woven silk material, not be sericiculture person.
3. " the silkworm that chant " Jiang Yigong of · of the Five Dynasties
So arduous that chrysalis is not filled with basket, hate of the filature below the lamp is longer. place do not know to manage hardship, but an affectionate couple of the embroider on corrupt garment.
4. " silkworm cereal goes " the Tang Dynasty face · Du Fu
Country of the world county Xiang Mocheng, without one city does not have armour and weaponry! Yan Dezhu armour is made farming implement, must ox of cropland of a inch of barren plough? Niu Jingeng, silkworm also is become. Not fatigue martyr tear is torrential, male cereal female silk goes answer song.
5. " silkworm Fu " the Tang Dynasty face · Lai Gu
Xiao Xi collects suffering of mulberry much pain, very beautiful season not idle body. If teach Jie Aifan China thing, aspic kills the person in gold house.
Silkworm traceable China. Come at the primitive silkworm domestication of mulberry habitat by ancient time, configuration and characteristics and feed the wild silkworm that kills Sang Xie today (Bombyxmandarina) (see mulberry pest) very similar, intensity of serum precipitation reaction is same also, cross can produce normal filial generation.
The silkworm's chromosome is 28 pairs, wild silkworm has 27 pairs to mix 28 pairs of two sort, think commonly 28 pairs of silkworm and China model wild silkworm with the source.
The mankind may be at first primitive and feral pod is collected to take silk to use in Cong Sanglin; Settle as what the mankind lives and to the farther understanding of silk utility try out indoors sericiculture.
The course is bred for a long time and choose, feral silkworm just gradually domestication is become have the silkworm of such economy condition is planted today.
Element of yellow crown town has " the silkworm's countryside " beautiful praise, whole town has 8000 much farmer to be engaged in kind of mulberry sericiculture, mulberry field gross area amounts to 54 thousand mus, crop of quantity of mulberry field area, sericiculture, bright pod all occupies front row of countrywide villages and towns.
N of á of S ā Ng C
Silkworm, it is a kind of scale wing that expects to feed with Sang Xie insect of eye secrete silk, belong to an invertebrate, silk moth of division of arthropod door silk moth belongs to a silkworm to plant. The main purpose thing that grows mulberry sericiculture is pod and silk, egg of silkworm lifetime course, larval, aurelian, imago is mixed on 4 configuration the completely different growth level on physiology function, the different position of each growth phase and its metabolization content have extensive officinal value.
In this industry, what silk points to is the fiber that silkworm spits, the raw material white filature silk of silk of generally refer to, what silk floss points to is to be used at making silk by raw material, make the byproduct that stays after white filature silk for the reeling mill more, also have the raw material that cannot make white filature silk is machined and become.
Mulberry silk should be contained 100% , just be pure natural mulberry silk. If be not contained 100% it is blending.
: Craft different, utility the amount is different, different.
One, technology is different
1, silkworm filament: Silkworm filament is from gush silk aperture is squeezed piece, cooling or classics air is caky in caky bath into silk.
2, mulberry silk: Mulberry silk is the chrysalis silk from a few pod is taken out, lend a sericin the silk that agglutinate laps and becomes.
2, utility is different
1, silkworm filament: Silkworm filament applies generally at all sorts of dress, adornment weaving is used.
2, mulberry silk: Mulberry silk is the raw material with clothings the mainest weaving not only, and still can use at making artificial blood vessel.
3, the amount is different
1, silkworm filament: Silkworm filament uses ten normally or filament of tens of root odd root close together.
2, mulberry silk: Mulberry silk borrows a sericin to agglutinate wraps Fu and be become by two ultimate fibre.
The life decay of silkworm is having uniqueness and typical sex in nature living things, it is education object, observation object with this, wait for each respect from distinctive, convenience, convenient, wholesome, harmless, safety for, it is very good choice. Be in China, especially southern, sericiculture once very general. 559 time, no matter urban and rural, domestic home sericiculture is the picture with visible everywhere almost, in those days, sericiculture still is the important economy origin of family expenses of everybody home allowance almost. Sericiculture knowledge also is widely known. As to mulberry mulberry leaf, in those days also is it is everywhere, hands-down. Actually, from scientific point of view character, arrive to filature by the silkworm brocade, this process accumulate contained science and invention, be worth Chinese pride and inheritance. The invention of silk once represented the gorgeous, nobility of Oriental civilization, China colour, beauty, let whole world dump, also make a whole world long the ground is unintelligible among them mystery. To clear up the origin of silk, cudgel one's brains for of how many Hesperian still is 100 think of do not get its to solve, be troubled by gave a variety of jest. Finally, still rely on filch to just make the secret of silk circulates go out. Look now, the silk thread that lets institute of a kind of little live thing spit turns the mankind into colorful dress, it is the thing of a remarkably original and forceful really. Ancient Rome adores silk, call China filar country. Silk and the Silk Road come thousands of years is civilized surveyor's pole of China and mark.
Silkworm filature concerns line, for example: "Chrysalis of sericiculture hem with invisible stitches becomes a silk, that can circles account to make banners and flags. That can circles account to make banners and flags..
Textual as follows:
" cool city goes "
Wang Jian of Tang Dynasty ·
Cool city quadrilateral Sha Haohao, nobody open Chinese home old way. County of edge head city uses up Hu Bing, the general is not built prevent Qiu Cheng. 10 thousand lis of other peoples already all were done not have, section of annual an ancient type of banner hoisted on a featherdecked mast is sent on the west Beijing. Come to China receive a woman more, the half is unripe male for Chinese. Luxuriant person former days not plough, xiang Xueru is planted today standing grain millet. Drive sheep Yi Zhujin is the garment, when for cherish felt Qiu Fang is fought. Chrysalis of sericiculture hem with invisible stitches becomes a silk, that can circles account to make banners and flags. Horn of crow of hill of on top of the city wall,
Author brief introduction: Wang Jian (about 767 years, about 830 years of) : At the beginning of word intermediate, unripe Yu Yingchuan (today) of Henan Xu Chang, the Tang Dynasty face poet.