《山行》中诗人描绘了一幅由什么构成的山林秋色图,表达了诗人对什么的热爱之情。最能反映诗人喜爱大自然？英文双语对照

出自唐代诗人杜牧的《山行》 远上寒山石径斜，白云生处有人家。停车坐爱枫林晚，霜叶红于二月花。 赏析　　这是一首描写和赞美深秋山林景色的七言绝句。第一句：“远上寒山石径斜”，由下而上，写一条石头小路蜿蜒曲折地伸向充满秋意的山峦。“寒”字点明深秋季节；“远”字写出山路的绵长；“斜”字照应句首的“远”字，写出了高而缓的山势。由于坡度不大，故可乘车游山。 　　第二句：“白云生处有人家”，描写诗人山行时所看到的远处风光。“有人家”三字会使人联想到炊烟袅袅，鸡鸣犬吠，从而感到深山充满生气，没有一点儿死寂的恐怖。“有人家”三字还照应了上句中的“石径”，因为这“石径”便是山里居民的通道。 　　第三句：“停车坐爱枫林晚”的“坐”字解释为“因为”。因为夕照枫林的晚景实在太迷人了，所以诗人特地停车观赏。这句中的“晚”字用得无比精妙，它蕴含多层意思：（1）点明前两句是白天所见，后两句则是傍晚之景。（2）因为傍晚才有夕照，绚丽的晚霞和红艳的枫叶互相辉映，枫林才格外美丽。（3）诗人流连忘返，到了傍晚，还舍不得登车离去，足见他对红叶喜爱之极。（4）因为停车甚久，观察入微，才能悟出 。 　　第四句：“霜叶红于二月花”是全诗的中心句。前三句的描写都是在为这句铺垫和烘托。诗人为什么用“红于”而不用“红如”？因为“红如”不过和春花一样，无非是装点自然美景而已；而“红于”则是春花所不能比拟的，不仅仅是色彩更鲜艳，而且更能耐寒，经得起风霜考验。 　　这首小诗不只是即兴咏景，而且进而咏物言志，是诗人内在精神世界的表露，志趣的寄托，因而能给读者启迪和鼓舞。 　　这首诗描绘的是秋之色，展现出一幅动人的山林秋色图。诗里写了山路、人家、白云、红叶，构成一幅和谐统一的画面。这些景物不是并列的处于同等地位，而是有机地联系在一起，有主有从，有的处于画面的中心，有的则处于陪衬地位。简单来说，前三句是宾，第四句是主，前三句是为第四句描绘背景、创造气氛，起铺垫和烘托作用的。 　　“远上寒山石径斜”，写山，写山路。一条弯弯曲曲的小路蜿蜓伸向山头。“远”字写出了山路的绵长，“斜”字与“上”字呼应，写出了高而缓的山势。 　　“白云生处有人家”，写云，写人家。诗人的目光顺着这条山路一直向上望去，在白云飘浮的地方，有几处山石砌成的石屋石墙。这里的“人家”照应了上句的“石径”，—这一条山间小路，就是那几户人家上上下下的通道吧？这就把两种景物有机地联系在一起了。有白云缭绕，说明山很高。诗人用横云断岭的手法，让这片片白云遮住读者的视线，却给人留下了想象的余地：在那白云之上，云外有山，定会有另一种景色吧？ 　　对这些景物，诗人只是在作客观的描述。虽然用了一个“寒”字，也只是为了逗出下文的“晚”字和“霜”字，并不表现诗人的感情倾向。它毕竟还只是在为后面的描写蓄势—勾勒枫林所在的环境。 　　“停车坐爱枫林晚”便不同了，倾向性已经很鲜明，很强烈了。那山路、白云、人家都没有使诗人动心，这枫林晚景却使得他惊喜之情难以抑制。为了要停下来领略这山林风光，竟然顾不得驱车赶路。前两句所写的景物已经很美，但诗人爱的却是枫林。通过前后映衬，已经为描写枫林铺平垫稳，蓄势已足，于是水到渠成，引出了第四句，点明喜爱枫林的原因。 　　“霜叶红于二月花”，把第三句补足，一片深秋枫林美景具体展现在我们面前了。诗人惊喜地发现在夕晖晚照下，枫叶流丹，层林如染，真是满山云锦，如烁彩霞，它比江南二月的春花还要火红，还要艳丽呢！难能可贵的是，诗人通过这一片红色，看到了秋天像春天一样的生命力使秋天的山林呈现一种热烈的、生机勃勃的景象。 　　诗人没有象一般封建文人那样，在秋季到来的时候，哀伤叹息，他歌颂的是大自然的秋色美，体现出了豪爽向上的精神，有一种英爽俊拔之气拂拂笔端，表现了诗人的才气，也表现了诗人的见地。这是一首秋色的赞歌。 　　第四句是全诗的中心，是诗人浓墨重彩、凝聚笔力写出来的。不仅前两句疏淡的景致成了这艳丽秋色的衬托，即使“停车坐爱枫林晚”一句，看似抒情叙事，实际上也起着写景衬托的作用：那停车而望、陶然而醉的诗人，也成了景色的一部分，有了这种景象，才更显出秋色的迷人。而一笔重写之后，戛然便止，又显得情韵悠扬，余味无穷。

Of Du Mu of poet of out Tang Dynasty " hill goes " far on diameter of cold hill stone is inclined, baiyun gives birth to place somebody home. Jockey sit love maple Lin Wan, red leaves is red spent in Feburary. Admire analyse this is a depict is mixed praise the 7 character a poem of four lines of scenery of deep Qiu Shanlin. The first: "Far go up diameter of cold hill stone is inclined " , by fall and go up, write alley of a stone winding and labyrinthian ground is extended to the chain of mountains that is full of autumn meaning. "Cold " red-letter day of deep fall of word point out; "Far " the word draws up the continous of hill road grows; "Inclined " word coordinate sentence of first " far " word, drew up tall and the hill situation of delay. Because gradient is not big, reason can multiply car You Shan. The 2nd: "Baiyun gives birth to place somebody home " , the far view that when depict poet hill goes, sees. "Have a family " 3 words can make person couplet thinks of smoke from kitchen chimneys waves in the wind, crow yip, feel remote mountains fills life thereby, without the horror that deathlies stillness a bit. "Have a family " 3 words return coordinate on sentence medium " stone diameter " , because of this " stone diameter " the passageway that is the dweller in hill. The 3rd: "Jockey sit love maple Lin Wan " " sit " word explanation is " because " . Because of afterglow maple forest evening scene is honest too attractive, so poetic specially jockeys view and admire. This medium " late " the word is used extremely essence of life is wonderful, it accumulate contain multilayer meaning: (1) before point out two are by day be seen, hind two scene that are the dusk. (2) just have evening glow because of the dusk, the maple leaf of flowery afterglow and Gong Yan is mutual reflect, maple Lin Cai is beautiful all the more. (3) poetic enjoy oneself so much as to forget to leave, arrived towards evening, still hate to part with ascend a car to leave, it serves to show he loves to red autumnal leaves extremely. (4) because jockey very long, observation in a subtle way, ability is realized go out. The 4th: "Red leaves is red spent in Feburary " the center that is complete poem sentence. Before 3 depict is to be in for this matting and foil. Why is the poet used " red at " and need not " red be like " ? Because " red be like " mix nevertheless spring flower is same, no more than is deck nature beautiful scenery just; And " red at " spring flower place cannot is likened to, it is colour not just more bright-coloured, and more ability is cold, test of withstand hardships of a journey or of one's life. This small poem is extemporaneous not merely the scene that chant, and chant content character annals then, it is a poet the show of immanent inner world, of inclination place, can be edified to the reader consequently and invigorate. What this poem depicts is Qiu Zhi color, show give a moving mountain forest autumn scenery to pursue. Hill road, other people, Bai Yun, red autumnal leaves was written in the poem, make a harmonious and unified appearance. These scenery are not paratactic be in coequal position, however organic ground is contacted together, have advocate have from, some is in the center of the picture, some is in foil position. Simple for, before 3 are guest, the 4th is advocate, before 3 are to be the 4th to describe mood of setting, creation, have matting and foil effect. "Far go up diameter of cold hill stone is inclined " , write hill, keep hill distance. A sinuate alley Wan Ting extends Xiang Shan head. "Far " the word drew up the continous of hill road grows, "Inclined " word and " go up " word echo, drew up tall and the hill situation of delay. "Baiyun gives birth to place somebody home " , write the cloud, keep a family. Poetic look looks up all the time down this hill road, be in Bai Yun's float place, have the stone house stonewalling that build by laying bricks or stones of stone of few points hill becomes. Here " family " coordinate go up sentence " stone diameter " , , the alley between this one hill, those a few other peoples' remittent passageway be? This two kinds of scenery organic ground is contacted together. Bai Yun winds around, explain hill is very tall. The poet uses the technique of horizontal Yun Duanling, let this Bai Yun obscure the reader's line of sight, left imaginary room to the person however: On Na Baiyun, there is mountain outside the cloud, can you have another kind of view surely? To these scenery, the poet just is making objective characterization. Although used " cold " word, just also give later development to amuse " late " word and " frost " word, do not behave emotional tendency of the poet. It just still is in after all for the depict labor force from the back, draw the outline of maple forest the environment of the place. "Jockey sit love maple Lin Wan " differred, tendentiousness already very bright, very intense. That hill road, Bai Yun, other people did not make the poet one'ses mind disturbed, this maple forest the affection that evening scene makes him surprizing however is restrained hard. Appreciate view of this mountain forest to want to stop, consider actually do not get drive car to hurry on with one's journey. Before two writes scenery already very beautiful, but what the poet loves is however maple forest. Pass around set off, had been depict maple forest level mat is firm, labor force is full already, then success will come when conditions are ripe, derivative the 4th, point out loves maple forest reason. "Red leaves is red spent in Feburary " , the 3rd complemental, lin Meijing of a deep Qiu Feng is specific be shown before us. The poet discovers surprizingly in evening sunshine illuminate late below, maple leaf sheds red, if layer forest is caught, it is full Shan Yunjin really, be like bright rosy clouds, it compares Changjiang Delta the spring flower Feburary is even fiery, even gorgeous! Commendable is, the poet passes this one red, the vitality like seeing the autumn resembles spring makes autumnal mountain forest presents a kind enthusiastic, vibrant picture. The poet did not resemble general and feudal bookman in that way, when autumn comes, grief heaves a sigh, what he eulogizes is the autumn scenery beauty of nature, body was revealed forthright up spirit, the pen of gas stroke stroke that a kind of Ying Shuangjun unplugs is carried, behaved poetic literary talent, also behaved poetic insight. This is the paean of an autumn scenery. The 4th is the center of complete poem, it is a poet style of writing or drawing of thick Mo Chongcai, agglomeration draws up those who come. Not only before two scanty weak scene became this of gorgeous autumn scenery foil, although " jockey sit love maple Lin Wan " , look be like lyric and narrative, also rising to write actually scene the action that foil: That jockeys and look, happy and carefree and drunk poet, also became the one part of the scenery, had this kind of picture, just more those who show autumn scenery is attractive. And after brushstroke rescripts, knock gently stop like that, appear again affection charm is rising and falling, aftertaste is boundless.