在学习英语语法时,情态动词的使用非常重要,它们能帮助我们表达对现在和过去情况的推测。情态动词与动词的不同组合会传达不同的语气和意义,因此理解这些用法对于准确表达思想至关重要。本文将介绍情态动词与动词原形或现在完成时态连用的基本用法,并通过具体例句分析它们如何表示对当前或过去情况的推测。同时,我们也会触类旁通,探讨其他相关的情态动词组合及其用法,帮助大家更好地掌握情态动词的应用技巧。
Can it be true?
这可能是真的吗?
语法分析
情态动词和原形动词连用可以表示对现在情况的推测,情态动词和现在完成时态连用表示对过去情况的推测。can可以用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中,may也可用在肯定句和否定句中,但不用在疑问句里。must和have to只用在肯定句里。should (could, might, ought to) + 过去分词,可表示“原本......而未......”的意思。
触类旁通
It cannot have been lost in the post.
它不可能落在邮筒里。
语法分析:can和现在完成时态连用,表示对过去情况的推测。
She cannot be his wife.
她不可能是他的妻子。
语法分析:情态动词和原形动词连用可以表示对现在情况的推测。
That may be so, but I doubt it.
事情可能就是这样,但我对此表示怀疑。
语法分析:may用在肯定句和否定句里,但不用在疑问句里。
He must be in.
他一定在家。
语法分析:must只用在肯定句里。
I should have gone there alone.
我本该一个人到那里。
语法分析:should或could might ought to + 过去分词,表示“原本......而未......”的意思。
巩固练习
She could not _____[see] me yesterday because I wasn't there.
Could he _____[hear] of her?
It may _____[be] your mistake.
English may ____[hard], but it's so useful.
She may _____[go] somewhere else.
She might not ____[mad].
She must _____[read] in the reading-room.
They should _____[arrive] there by this time.
You might _____[complete] the work earlier.
You ought to _____[give] me something to eat then.
参考答案
have seen
have heard
have been
be hard
have gone
be mad
be reading
have arrived
have completed
have given