科普知识常识？英文双语对照

1、人的一生大约要喝多少吨水?(80吨)。

2、一个水龙头滴水，15分钟就滴水200毫升，每天有近20升水，一年就会浪费多少吨水?(7吨)

3、举例说出发电的几种方法?(火力发电、水力发电、风力发电)

4、环境保护法的原则是什么?(预防为主、防治结合原则;污染者负担原则;环境权利原则;协调发展原则;公众参与原则;可持续发展原则)

5、白头叶猴属于我国哪一级保护动物?(一级)

6、请说出造成1998年长江流域洪涝灾害的原因。(是“天灾”和“人祸”共同作用的结果。天灾直接原因是气候异常，雨量过大;人祸原因主要有三个方面：第一，破坏地表植被，水土流失严重。第二，江河湖泊的不断减少，进一步降低了蓄洪泄洪能力。第三，必要的防洪措施跟不上，城市防洪标准偏低)

7、1980至1995年间，全世界森林面积减少了多少?(1.8亿公顷)

8、水资源短缺成为我国城市发展面临的重大问题，据统计，目前我国已有300多个城市缺水，每年我国因缺水而造成的经济损失有多少?因水污染而造成的经济损失有多少?(100多亿元，400多亿元)

9、淡水资源占地球水资源的百分比是多少?(3%)

10、目前我国受污染的河流的比例达到多少?(90%)

11、随着人口的增加，水资源已经成为一个世界性的问题，当今世界人均供水量已经比25年前减少了1/3，请问，如今世界的缺水现象已经影响到多少个国家?(80个国家)

12、汞、镉、铬、铅、砷是一类污染物，对人体危害很大，被称为“五毒”。这些污染物随废水进入水体后，被浮游生物吸收，小鱼吃浮游生物，大鱼又吃小鱼，人又吃污染后的鱼类，污染物会逐渐的聚集到人体内，我们称这样的关系为什么?(食物链污染)

13、据科学家们观测，全球气候在逐渐变暖，造成气候变暖的主要原因是什么?(人类生产活动所排放大量的二氧化碳)

14、如果缺少什么?地球上所有生物将会全部灭绝，人类也不例外?(空气和水)

15、一氧化碳气体对人体有什么危害?(人体是靠血液中的血红蛋白携带氧气到各个组织和器官，在吸入无色无味的一氧化碳后，它会进入人体的血液，一氧化碳和血红蛋白结合的能力要比氧气强250倍，它很快抢占血液中氧气同血红蛋白结合的位置，造成大脑和躯体缺氧，短时间内可致人死亡)

16、烟尘是大气中的固体颗粒物，直径很小，其中小于10微米的可以长期在空气中飘浮，叫什么?大于10微米的，能较快地降落地面上，叫什么?(飘尘、降尘)

17、上世纪九十年代，由于大气污染严重，我国北方有一座城市被烟尘遮盖了城市上空，在卫星拍摄中失去了踪迹。这座城市的名称叫做什么?(本溪市)

18、每年的“世界环境日”是哪一天?(6月5日)

19、污染者负担原则是什么?(谁污染谁治理，谁开发谁保护)

20、我国七大水系都受到不同程度的污染，请你按污染的严重程度顺序排列(依次是：辽河、海河、淮河、黄河、松花江、珠江、长江)

21、每年我国产生多少垃圾?(8000多万吨)并且每年以多少速度在增长?(10%)

22、垃圾有什么危害?(1、污染土壤、地下水、大气等，影响城市环境和居民生活条件;2、占用宝贵的土地资源。)

23、1952年12月发生了震惊世界的英国伦敦烟雾事件，两个月内造成1.2万多人死亡，请问造成伦敦烟雾事件的原因是什么?(燃煤产生的废气污染)

24、在离南极最近南美洲的海伦娜岬角，在那里，几乎所有的动物都是瞎子：如羊会得白内障变成盲羊，猎人随手可拎起一只瞎了眼的野兔回家享口福，天上飞的野鸟因视力不好，辨不清方向而误闯百姓家里，就连河里的鱼也是盲鱼，许多在这里居住的人得了皮肤癌、白内障等疾病，植物生产缓慢，农作物减产，请问。这是为什么?(这一地区的上空臭氧层遭到严重破坏，太阳紫外线过强所造成的)

25、臭氧层离地面有多高?(20—30公里)

26、臭氧层被破坏的主要原因是什么?(人类使用的化学材料如氟里昂等挥发到空气作用的结果)

27、每年的国际臭氧层日是那一天?(9月16日)

28、过多的紫外线伤害会导致什么疾病发病率最高?(角膜炎、白内障)

29、12亿人口是多少?不妨给出一些形象的说法：如果中国人手拉手站在地球的赤道，可以绕地球多少圈?(50圈);全国人民一天吃掉多少万吨粮食?(78万吨);多少万吨肉?(4万吨)。

30、现代家庭居室中存在什么污染?(人体污染，建筑材料污染、家电污染、厨房污染、杀虫剂污染)

31、每年的几月几日是我国的植树节?(3月12日)

32、为什么在城市上空看到的星星没有农村天空的多，月亮也没有这么明亮?(一是城市上空由于大气污染遮盖了来自天空的光亮;二是人工白昼造成的光污染，日落之后，繁华的街道和广场上广告牌、霓虹灯把城市夜晚映照如同白昼。这些都一定程度上影响了城市上空的明暗对比度)

33、如果世界上没有森林，陆地上的生物将减少多少?(90%);空气中的氧气将减少多少?(2/3)。

34、光污染分成哪三类?(国际上一般将光污染分成3类，建筑物表面反射阳光光线的白亮污染，夜间广告灯、霓虹灯、路灯的人工白昼污染，室内娱乐场所各种彩色光源产生的彩光污染)

35、随着城市沿街设施的兴建，光污染引发的环境问题日益突出，请问可以采取什么措施，努力预防光污染的危害?(A、楼房建筑及装潢少用境面、玻璃等，多用光反射系数小的材料。B、加强广告灯和霓虹灯的装潢管理，不宜使用功率大的强光源。C、若光线太强，办公楼和居室可用双层窗帘调控。D、在建筑群周围栽种花草，调节采光环境。)

36、说出噪声的几种主要来源?(工厂各种机器设备产生的工业噪声;汽车、火车及轮船等交通工具产生的交通噪声;建筑工地的打桩机、搅拌机、推土机等产生的建筑工地噪声;公共场所及家庭的生活噪声)

37、噪声有那些危害?(噪声对人的听觉器官、神经系统、心血管和消化系统都会产生危害)

38、家庭污水从哪里来?(厨房、厕所、洗澡等)

39、地球表面有百分多少的地方被水覆盖?(70%)

40、我国人均淡水占有量是世界平均水量的几分之几?(1/4)

41、造成我国江河湖泊水质恶化和污染的主要原因是什么?(工业废水和生活污水)

42、用废纸生产再生纸，有什么好处?(1、不砍伐森林，节约木材;2、省去原木加工处理程序，节约投资和减少废水排放;3、减少水、电、煤的消耗，节约能源;4、减少垃圾、节省土地使用。)

43、发生赤潮为什么会有大量的鱼虾死亡?(因为海水中大量的浮游生物飘浮在海面上，不仅会消耗完水里的氧气，而且还阻止空气中的氧气进入水体，再加上赤潮生物会分泌出粘液，粘在鱼、虾、贝等生物的鳃上，妨碍呼吸，导致窒息死亡)

44、赤潮如何对人产生伤害?(人类食用被赤潮污染过的鱼和贝类会导致中毒，严重者甚至死亡)

45、每年长江给东海带来的污水有多少?(166亿吨)

46、如果漱口时一直让水流不停，每刷一次牙就浪费多少水?(3升以上的水，3千克)

47、猫头鹰是什么动物的天敌?(老鼠)

48、如何有效减少塑料垃圾?(一是尽量不购买、不使用;二是重复使用、避免一次性。)

49、土壤变成沙漠的主要原因是什么?(人类的活动和气候的变化)

50、肉、蛋、鱼的药物残留是通过什么途径来的?(用被污染的饲料喂养畜、禽和鱼，防病治病时使用抗生素等药物。)

1, how many tons of water should the person's lifetime drink about? (80 tons of) .

2, water of a faucet drop, 15 minutes drip water 200 milliliter, have nearly 20 premium everyday, how many tons of water can you waste one year? (7 tons)

3, a few kinds of methods that generate electricity does citing speak? (Firepower generates electricity, waterpower, wind-force generates electricity)

4, what is the principle of law of environmental protection?

5, our country which one class does hoary head leaf monkey belong to to protect an animal? (One class)

6, speak please cause the cause that big damage caused by waterlogging harmed drainage area of the Yangtse River 1998. (Be " natural disaster " and " person disaster " the result of joint action. Natural disaster is direct the reason is climate unusual, rainfall crosses reason of disaster of big; person to basically have 3 sides: The first, destroy upper vegetation, soil erosion is severe. The 2nd, jiang He is laky decrease ceaselessly, reduced capacity of store floodwater flood discharge further. The 3rd, step of necessary prevent or control flood does not follow to go up, on the low side of standard of urban prevent or control flood)

7, 1980 to between 1995, how much did area of whole world forest reduce? (180 million hectare)

8, the major problem that shortage of water natural resources becomes progress of our country city to be faced with, according to statistic, at present our country already had 300 many cities to lack water, annual how many does the pecuniary loss that our country causes because of lacking water have? How many does the pecuniary loss that causes because of water pollution have? (Many yuan 100, many yuan 400)

9, how much is the per cent that fresh water resource covers an area of ball water natural resources? (3% )

10, how much does the scale of the river that at present our country gets pollution achieve? (90% )

11, the addition as population, water natural resources has become a cosmopolitan issue, 1/3 decreased before when water supply of average per capita of this age bound the quantity has compared 25 years, excuse me, if how many country has the phenomenon lacking water of this age bound affected? (80 countries)

12, mercuric, cadmium, chromic, lead, arsenic is a kind of contaminant, very big to human body harm, be called " the five poisonous creatures " . After these contaminant enter water system along with liquid waste, be absorbed by plankton, small fish eats plankton, big fish has small fish again, the person has the fish after pollution again, contaminant is met gradually collect human body inside, do we weigh such relation why? (Food chain pollution)

13, according to scientists observation, global climate is changing gradually warm, what is causing the main reason with heated climate? (The mankind produces mobile place to discharge many carbon dioxide)

14, if what lack? All biology on the earth will be eradicated entirely, is the mankind not exceptional also? (Air and water)

15, what harm does carbon monoxide gas have to human body? (Human body is to rely on the haemoglobin in blood to carry oxygen to each organizations and organ, after carbon monoxide of inspiratory and colorless dull, it can enter the blood of human body, carbon monoxide and the faculty that haemoglobin joins should compare oxygen 250 times stronger, it is very fast the place that the oxygen in blood of race to control ties with haemoglobin, create cerebrum and body anoxic, person death can be caused inside short time)

16, soot is the solid grain content in atmosphere, the diameter is very small, what be less than 10 micron among them is OK and long-term float in air, what to call? Those who be more than 10 micron, descend quickly on the ground, what to call? (Wave dirt, fall dirt)

17, go up century 90 time, because air pollution is serious, our country north has a city by soot cover city in the sky, in the satellite the track was lost in filming. What is the name of this city called? (Benxi city)

18, annual " World Environment Day " which be a day? (On June 5)

19, what is principle of burden of the person that pollute? (Who does pollute to administer, who does develop to protect)

20, 7 old water system of our country are differred the pollution of degree, the serious degree order that asks you to press pollution arranges (ordinal be: River of distant river, the Haihe River, the Huaihe River, Yellow River, Songhua River, Pearl River, the Yangtse River)

21, annual how many rubbish does our country produce? (Many tons 8000) and with how many speed be every year growth? (10% )

22, what harm does rubbish have? (1, contaminative soil, groundwater, air, influence city environment and;2 of dweller living conditions, take up valuable land resource. Influence city environment and;2 of dweller living conditions, take up valuable land resource..

23, the event of British London aerosol that produced to stun the world in December 1952, death of 12 thousand much person is caused inside two months, what is the cause that causes London aerosol incident excuse me? (The waste gas that coal fired produces is polluted)

24, the Helena cape that is in the closest from antarctic South America, over, almost all animals are a blind person: If the sheep is met so that cataract turns blind into the sheep, hunter conveniently can be carried remove blind the hare of the eye comes home enjoy the luck to eat sth delicious, the wild bird that the sky flies to because eyesight is bad, differentiate is not clear direction and enter common people home by accident in, connecting the fish in the river also is blind fish, a lot of people that live here got the disease such as skin cancer, cataract, plant production is slow, crop reduction in production, excuse me. Is this why? (Of this one area in the sky ozonosphere is played havoc with, what sun ultraviolet ray causes too by force)

25, does ozonosphere have many from the ground tall? (20, 30 kilometers)

26, what is the main reason that is ozonosphere destroyed? (The chemical data that the mankind uses is like fluorine Lyons to wait volatilize the result of air action)

27, annual international ozonosphere is day that a day? (On September 16)

28, what disease incidence of a disease can overmuch ultraviolet harm cause highest? (Keratitis, cataract)

29, how much is 1.2 billion population? Might as well give out the view of a few figure: If the Chinese stands in earthly equator hand in hand, how many rounds can you circle the earth? (50) 10 thousand tons of how many commissariat does; the people of the whole country eat off one day? (780 thousand tons) ; 10 thousand tons of how many flesh? (40 thousand tons of) .

30, what to exist to pollute in contemporary family bedroom? (Human body pollution, housing materials pollution, home appliance pollution, kitchen pollution, insecticide is polluted)

31, the forest division that a few days annual wh what month is our country? (On March 12)

32, why be city in the sky many what the tiny spot that see does not have rural sky, is the moon also done not have so bright? (It is a city in the sky as a result of air pollution cover the shining; that comes from a sky 2 it is the smooth pollution that artificial daytime causes, after sunset, flourishing street with the billboard on square, neon lamp urban night shine upon as daytime. The contrast of light and shade that the city in the sky affected on these certain level)

33, if there is a forest on the world, how much will the biology on land reduce? (How much will the oxygen in 90%); air reduce? (2/3) .

34, into which does smooth pollution divide 3 kinds? (General will smooth pollution divides 3 kinds on international, building surface reflexes the Bai Liang of sunshine light to pollute, the artificial daytime of nightly advertisement lamp, neon lamp, street lamp is polluted, the colour light of all sorts of chromatic illuminant generation pollutes indoor public place of entertainment)

35, the build as facilities of urban edge market, the environmental problem that smooth pollution causes is increasingly outstanding, can take what step excuse me, prevent the harm of smooth pollution hard? (Construction of A, building and decorate use area area, glass less to wait, much consumed reflexes the material with little coefficient. The B, decorate that strengthens advertisement lamp and neon lamp manages, the strong light source with unfavorable use great power. C, if the light is too strong, office building and bedroom can use adjusting control of double window shade. D, building group all round plant flowers and plants, adjust daylighting environment. Adjust daylighting environment..

36, a few kinds of when speak noise main source? (The; of construction site noise of the generation such as the monkey engine of the construction site of traffic noise; that the vehicle such as the car of industrial noise; of all sorts of machine equipment generation, train and ship produces the plant, mixer, bulldozer is public the life noise that reachs a household)

37, does noise have those harms? (Organ, neurological to the person's hearing, heart and vessels and digestion meet noise generation harm)

38, from where does domestic sewage come? (Kitchen, toilet, bathe etc)

39, does earthly surface have hundred little place to be enclothed by water? (70% )

40, a few fresh water of our country average per capita has an amount is quantity of world average water? (1/4)

41, what is the main reason that causes river of our country river to laky water quality worsens and be polluted? (Industrial waste water and sewage)

42, produce second birth paper with waste paper, what profit is there? (1, not disafforest, treatment of log of managing lumber;2, leave out handles an order, managing investment and reduce liquid waste to discharge;3, reduce water, report, coal use up, ;4 of managing the sources of energy, reduce rubbish, economic land to use. ;4 of managing the sources of energy, reduce rubbish, economic land to use..

43, why to produce bare tide to you can have many piscine shrimp death? (Because the many plankton in seawater is float,go up in offing, meet not only the oxygen in work out water, and the oxygen in still preventing air enters water system, plus bare tide biology can be secreted mucous, stick in the biologic such as fish, shrimp, shellfish branchial on, cloggy breath, cause choking death)

44, how does bare tide produce harm to the person? (The fish that human edible has been polluted by bare tide and shellfish can be brought about toxic, serious person die even)

45, how many does every foul water that old river brings to the East China Sea have? (16.6 billion tons)

46, if current lets ceaseless all the time when gargle, do every brush a tooth how to many water waste? (The water of 3 litres of above, 3 kilogram)

47, the natural enemy that what animal owl is? (Mice)

48, how to reduce plastic rubbish effectively? (It is do not buy as far as possible, do not use; 2 it is to repeat use, avoid one-time. (It is do not buy as far as possible, do not use; 2 it is to repeat use, avoid one-time..

49, what is soil grows desert main reason? (The change of human activity and climate)

50, through what way does the medicaments remain of the flesh, egg, fish come? (With the feed feed cultivate that is polluted, birds and fish, the remedy such as antibiotic is used when preventing disease to treat a disease. The remedy such as antibiotic is used when preventing disease to treat a disease..