那些时尚大片都是如何拍出来的？英文双语对照

以前，我们会用日记记录每天的所想所感。而在快节奏的时代，想必你也和环球君一样，已经习惯用照片，随手记录生活中的美好和心动。

那么，如何更准确地用镜头，去表达你看到的世界呢？或者说，如何用镜头，去表达你在那一刻的情感？环球君告诉你，运用一些摄影技巧，就可以让你的照片更有内容与质感，轻松在社交软件脱颖而出。

这个技巧，就是最基本的摄影构图。《摄影的艺术》中，对构图是这样定义的：“对艺术作品各个部分进行布局，以形成统一和谐的整体。”所以摄影师常说，构图是照片的骨架，是能支撑起整个画面的骨架。

构图的作用

构图作为最基本的摄影技巧，可以说是非常重要了。那么它具体有哪些作用呢？

引导视线

构图的最基本作用，就是主动地引导受众视线。比如下面这张图，你的第一视觉落脚点，是不是就在女孩的手指上，然后再跟着她手指的方向，看到她的脸。

再比如下面这张，你的第一视觉落脚点，应该是在距离视线最近的吊桥上，然后再跟着它直通的方向看过去，这个过程，就是在引导你的视线。

分清主次

一张图片，最重要的就是表达出主体内容。而这个主次是需要你自己把握的。你的这张照片给人留下什么印象，主要就是在这个主次的选择上。

比如这张照片，你看过一眼后，闭上眼，脑子里印象最深刻的应该是霞光照亮的窗户，然后再是手里的手机。

再看这张照片，你能记住的，除了窗户，还有窗户外的机翼和月亮。和上图对比，同样是靠窗的照片，你想让人们记住手里的手机呢？还是窗外的月亮呢？

这些都是由拍摄者决定的。 所以，构图能够让你过滤掉图片之外的世界，只给人们看你想让他们看到的内容。

表达情绪

一张照片，想要表达出怎样的氛围，传达出怎样的情绪，也是可以通过构图去表现的。

比如这张图片，就是表现出夕阳的美，没有太多的个人情感倾向。而下面这张图，同样是在路上的照片，给人的感觉就很压抑，很受伤，就有了故事性。

再比如下面这张超市里的照片，你能先明显地感觉到开心，快乐。这就是通过构图，结合画面的氛围，起到传达情绪的作用。

八种常用的构图技巧

其实摄影构图，就是一种艺术手法。而构图的规律，需要不断地实践。环球君整理了八种比较常用的构图技巧，基本可以解决生活中常见的拍摄需求，一起来看看吧！

黄金分割点构图法

我们都知道，黄金分割法，是把整体一分为二，较大部分与较小部分的比例为0.618，按照这个比例关系得到的画面十分完美，所以也称为黄金分割比。

用在摄影中，就是常见的九宫格，九宫格中交叉的四个点，就是黄金分割点。将物体放在黄金分割点及附近，就有利于整体画面的协调，非常有美感。

比如上图的路灯，就是将亮点放在黄金分割点，使灯光和猫咪看起来格外的醒目、鲜明，整体画面的氛围也很安静、和谐。

上图中的瓶子，也是在黄金分割点上，所以相比桌子和石子，就变得更加突出。当空间中只有一点的时候，目光自然会被它吸引。

将人物放在黄金分割点也是同样的道理，你会不自觉地将视线集中在黄金分割点。人作为主体就会非常突出，而蓝色的门窗就作为烘托，渲染出宁静、忧郁的氛围。

三分构图法

三分构图法就是将整个画面横向或纵向分为三份，也会用到九宫格，分别横竖的两条三分线。可以将景物占据三分线的不同位置，比如三分之一或三分之二，这样拍出来的画面，看起来也非常和谐。

比较常见的，就是拍摄海岸线、日出、草地、山峰等，非常有空间感和层次感的景物。在这个基础上，可以将人物或其他醒目的东西，叠加在黄金分割点上。

上图是2019年新出炉的，IPPA iphone摄影大赛获奖作品。海水占据了画面的三分之二，天空占了三分之一，这样的构图，会给人巨大的空间感，去感受壮阔的海洋和波澜的海水。

而海上浮动的小船，则成为视觉兴奋点，这样强烈的对比下，让人不禁感慨人类在大自然面前，何其渺小。

三分构图法的运用，比较灵活。我们可以用阴影划出三分线，将画面分成三份，这样看过去，画面就很有层次感。比如上图，第一视觉印象是红绿灯，然后延伸到阴影和斑马线，整体就不会觉得空洞。

框架构图法 框架构图是一种特别富有创意的创作技巧，将类似框架元素的事物放在前景位置，再让主体与框架产生联系。这样既可以让主体更突出，同时让照片更与众不同。

生活中比较常见的框架元素有很多，比如窗户、门框、树枝、阴影、色块等等。上图这样把飞机的窗户当作框架，去展现梦幻的空中景象，就会给人一种身临其境的感觉，画面干净又唯美。

除了已有的框架外，我们也可以制造框架。比如上图，用破碎的镜子作框架，再结合人物动作，整个画面就被渲染出无语凝噎的悲伤情绪，让人记忆深刻。

在广袤的沙漠中，放一面镜子当作框架，映射出对面走过的人影。这样特别的构图，让画面更有灵魂，给人创造出无限遐想的空间。

再比如像上图这样，利用圆形框架做出一个向下俯瞰的动作，是不是比单独拍人，更有意境，画面中的模特仿佛可以通过这个圆圈，去窥探你的一切。这样经过创意加工后的照片，往往让人过目不忘，这就是它的成功之处。

对称构图法

对称构图法也很简单，一般分为上下对称和左右对称。生活中有对称关系的事物，最经典的就是建筑、水面倒影等，可以利用对称构图，给画面带来一种静谧、祥和的氛围。

想要将建筑拍出威严、庄重的感觉，用对称构图再好不过了。平衡的视觉享受，能让你静下心去观赏它。像上图，将建筑的最高点作为中心线，向两边延伸出对等的楼体，画面就很有力量感。

利用水面倒影进行上下对称构图，也是非常常见的构图方式。下过雨后的水洼，倒映出清晰的天空和楼房，从小水坑里看世界，本身就是很酷的事情啊！

平静的水面倒映出的画面，就像是画家画出来的水彩画，为清冷的街道，增添了粉调的浪漫气息，画面看起来就温暖柔和很多。

如果你正好在湖边、就可以用水面倒影练练手啦。能找到像上图这样，有鸭子游过的水面，也会为画面增添一份动感，这样的趣味性，等待你去发现哦。

这张图不能说是完全的左右对称，但是也很美不是吗?将人物放在画面中心，周围盛开的花朵便是最好的点缀，如果对等生长，不是就没有这么鲜明旺盛的生命力了吗？这样错落的位置，恰恰就是大自然最大的魅力。所以对称构图，同样适用于部分对称。

引导线构图法

顾名思义，引导线构图法就是利用场景中的线条，引导观众的视线，将画面主体和背景元素相串联，从而引导视线并产生照片的视觉焦点。前文讲到，构图具有引导视线的作用，具体到构图技巧中，就是这里的引导线。

用引导线构图法，可以将平面的照片拍出特别立体的效果，可以使画面更有空间感和纵深感。并且让人有身临其境的感觉，加强了画面的代入感，是摄影师们惯用的手法。比如用高耸的建筑和向上生长的树木做引导线，都是很常见的手法。

如果将远处与近处的线条、色彩相呼应的话，画面整体就更加饱满。比如上图中线条感强烈的楼体，彩色气球和彩虹色衣服，都呼应的非常棒。

将身体作为引导线向上仰拍，是不是具有超强的视觉冲击力和画面代入感！

一般用纹理、图案填充整个画面，是非常提升照片质感的，这个小技巧大家也可以记到小本上。然后用纹理的方向做出引导线，就更有逼格了！

比如上图，你会不自觉地沿着引导线，看向消失点的位置，也就是脸部，这时候脸部在整体画面中作为主体，就非常突出。

除了向上的引导线，还有放射线、曲线、螺旋线，都是非常经典的引导线。可以将观察者的视线牢牢锁住，引导视觉流动。

比如摩天轮，就具有非常棒的引导线，放射状的线条特别有张力，让你不自觉随着它发散的方向看过去。所以将摩天轮入镜，真的会将整个画面都烘托出非常浪漫的氛围。

Previously, we can be recorded with the diary everyday what consider a move. And the times in fast rhythm, you also mix most propbably round-the-world gentleman is same, had reviewed idiomatic photograph, the happiness in conveniently record life and enchanted.

So, how to use camera lens well and truly, go conveying the world that you see? Perhaps say, how to use camera lens, go conveying you to be in that momently affection? Round-the-world gentleman tells you, use skill of a few photography, the picture that can yield you has content and qualitative feeling more, show itself easily in gregarious software.

This skill, it is the most fundamental photography composition of a picture. " the art of photography " in, be such definitions to composition of a picture: "To work of art each parts have position, in order to form the whole of unified harmony. " so cameraman often says, composition of a picture is the framework of the photograph, it is the framework that can support a whole picture.

The action of composition of a picture

Composition of a picture regards the basiccest photography as skill, can saying is very important. So is it specific what effect is there?

Guide the line of sight

The mainest effect of composition of a picture, guide actively namely get numerous line of vision. Issue this Zhang Tu for instance, stay of your the first vision is nodded, go up in the girl's finger, follow the direction that her hand points to again next, see her face.

Compare following faces again this piece, stay of your the first vision is nodded, should be to be on the suspension bridge with distance the closest line of sight, follow its direct way to view the past again next, this process, be in namely the line of sight that guides you.

Distinguish primary and secondary

A piece of picture, the most important is to convey a main body content. And this primary and secondary is to need yourself to hold. This piece of your photograph leaves what impression to the person, basically be namely on the choice of this primary and secondary.

For instance this piece is illuminated piece, after you had looked, close a key point, the impression in brain is the deepest should be the window that rays of morning or evening sunshine enlightens, it is the mobile phone in the hand again next.

See this piece of picture again, you can remember, besides the window, still have window outdoor wing and moon. And go up the figure is comparative, it is the photograph that relies on a window likewise, do you want to let people remember the mobile phone in the hand? Be still the moon outside the window?

These are decided by the person that film. So, composition of a picture can let you filter the world besides the picture, see you want to let the content that they see to people only.

Expressive mood

A piece of photograph, want expression to give what kind of atmosphere, communicate a what kind of mood, also can be behaved through composition of a picture.

For instance this piece pursues piece, show the beauty of the setting sun namely, without too much individual affection tendency. And below this piece of graph, it is the photograph on the road likewise, the sense that gives a person is very depressive, very get hurt, had story sex.

Leave picture in this piece of supermarket for instance again, you can feel apparently first happy, happy. This carries composition of a picture namely, combine the atmosphere of the picture, rise to relay the intention of the mood.

Skill of 8 kinds of commonly used composition of a picture

Photograph actually composition of a picture, it is a kind of artistic gimmick. And the rule of composition of a picture, need to be carried out ceaselessly. Round-the-world gentleman arranged skill of 8 kinds of more commonly used composition of a picture, can solve what life middling sees basically to film demand, look together!

Gold breaks up law of bit of composition of a picture

We know, gold split plot design, it is an integral one divides into two, relatively the scale of much and minor part is 0.618, the picture that according to this scale the relation gets is very perfect, also call gold to break up so than.

Use in photography, it is common 9 palace standard, of the across in 9 palace case 4 are nodded, it is gold breaks up a dot. Put the object in gold to break up a dot to reach around, be helpful for the harmony of integral picture, special aesthetic.

Than the street lamp that as above pursues, put window in gold break up a dot namely, make lamplight and feline Mi look all the more marked, bright, the atmosphere of integral picture is very quiet also, harmonious.

The bottle in pursueing on, also be the dot is broken up to go up in gold, compare table and cobble so, become more outstanding. When there is a bit only in the space, look nature can be attracted by it.

Putting the person in gold to break up a dot also is same argument, you center the line of sight not can self-consciously in gold to break up a dot. The person is met as main body very outstanding, and door window of blue serves as foil, apply colours to a drawing gives halcyon, blue atmosphere.

Law of 3 minutes of composition of a picture

Law of 3 minutes of composition of a picture is will whole picture transverse or fore-and-aft cent is triplet, also can use 9 palace standard, part two of in any case 3 branch lines. Can hold scenery the different position of 3 minutes of lines, for instance 1/3 or 2/3, the picture that such patting come out, look very harmonious also.

Commonner, film namely coasting, sunrise, meadow, mountain peak, have dimensional feeling and the scenery that administrative levels feels very much. On this foundation, can character or other and striking thing, overlay breaks up a dot to go up in gold.

The graph was 2019 on give heat newly, work of bear the palm of contest of IPPA Iphone photography. 2/3 what seawater held a picture, the sky was occupied 1/3, such composition of a picture, can give a person enormous dimensional sense, go experiencing the seawater of grand ocean and billows.

And maritime floating boat, become visual excitement to nod, below so sharp contrast, let a person can't help sighing with emotion the mankind is before nature, how is insignificant.

Of law of 3 minutes of composition of a picture apply, more agile. We can use shadow lay off 3 minutes line, the appearance cent becomes triplet, view the past so, the picture has administrative levels feeling very much. Compare as above to pursue, impression of the first vision is traffic light, next outspread to shadow and zebra crossing, whole won't feel empty.

Composition of a picture of frame of law of frame composition of a picture is skill of creation of a kind of particularly rich original, the thing of element of will similar frame puts advanced scene position, let main body and frame generation connection again. Can make main body more outstanding already so, yield a picture at the same time more extraordinary.

The commonner frame element in the life has a lot of, for instance window, doorcase, branch, shadow, color piece is waited a moment. Pursue on regard the window of the plane as so frame, go showing the picture of dream in sky, with respect to the sense that can give a person a kind of be personally on the scene, the picture is clean only beautiful.

Besides already outside some frame, we also can create framework. Compare as above to pursue, make frame with broken looking glass, recombine figure movement, whole picture is gone out to not have by apply colours to a drawing language coagulate the sad mood of choke, memory letting a person is deep.

In the desert of length and breadth of land, put one side mirror to regard as frame, map gives the has gone people opposite side. So special composition of a picture, let a picture have the spirit more, innovation giving a person gives the space of infinite daydream.

Resemble going up for instance again graph such, use circular frame to make a motion that looks down at downward, compare take a person alone, have artistic concept more, the model in the picture ases if can carry this ring, go pry everything your. Pass the photograph after originality is machined so, often make a person photographic, this is its successful place.

Law of symmetrical composition of a picture

Way of symmetrical composition of a picture is very simple also, general component is fluctuation semmetry and right-and-left semmetry. There is the thing of symmetrical relation in the life, the most classical is inverted reflection in water of building, surface wait, can use symmetrical composition of a picture, bring a kind of quiet, auspicious atmosphere to the picture.

Want to take the building a majesty, grave feeling, again good with symmetrical composition of a picture did not pass. The vision of the balance is enjoyed, can make you static issue a heart to view and admire it. Resemble going up graph, regard a center as the line architectural apogee, extend the building system that extends reciprocity to both sides, the picture has force to feel very much.

Use surface inverted reflection in water to undertake going up leaving symmetrical composition of a picture, also be pattern of very familiar composition of a picture. Had issued the loblolly after rain, pour the sky that mirrors a clarity and building, view the world from urine hole, itself is very the thing of cruel ah!

Calm surface pours mirrorred picture, resembling is the aquarelle that artist picture comes out, those who be chilly is street, added the romantic flavor that pink moves, the picture looks warm and a lot of downier.

If your as it happens is in lakefront, OK with surface inverted reflection in water experienced experienced hand. Can find resemble going up graph such, have the water that the duck has swum, also can add to move for the picture feeling, such interest sex, await you to discover.

This piece of plan cannot say is complete or so semmetry, but very beautiful also be? Put the person in picture center, the flower that blooms all round is best ornament, if reciprocity grows, be to do not have so bright and exuberant vitality? So strewn at random position, just is the charm with the greatest nature. So symmetrical composition of a picture, apply to partial semmetry likewise.

Lead way of line composition of a picture

Just as its name implies, leading way of line composition of a picture is the line in using setting, guide the line of sight of the audience, appearance subject and series connection of setting element photograph, guide the line of sight thereby and produce the visual central issue of the photograph. Preamble is told, composition of a picture has the effect that guides the line of sight, specific in skill of composition of a picture, the guiding that is here line.

With lead way of line composition of a picture, can take flat picture particularly stereo effect, can make the picture has dimensional feeling and depth feeling more. And let the feeling that the person has be personally on the scene, the generation that enhanced an appearance is entered feeling, it is cameraman people idiomatic gimmick. Do with top structure and the tree that grow up for instance lead a line, it is very common gimmick.

If the word of echo of photograph of the line far and vicinity, color, picture whole is more full. The building body that the line in pursueing than as above feels strong, chromatic balloon and irised dress, the special club of echo.

Serve as the body guide a line to be admired up pat, have exceed strong visual wallop and picture to take the place of to feel!

Use stuff of grain, design commonly whole picture, dispute often promotes a photograph simple sense, everybody also can write down this little skill. Make with the direction of grain next lead a line, have more force case!

Compare as above to pursue, you will be not self-conscious the ground along lead a line, look to disappear the position of the dot, namely facial ministry, at that time facial ministry serves as main body in integral picture, very outstanding.

Besides up lead a line, still have radiation, curve, corkscrewed yarn, it is very classical guiding line. Can chain the firmly of line of sight of observer, guide visual flow.

For instance skyscraping annulus, lead a line with respect to what have special club, radial line has pulling force particularly, make you not self-conscious view the past as its emanative direction. So will skyscraping annulus enters lens, true meeting will be whole picture the atmosphere that foil gives special romance.