雨天和雪天摄影，数码相机需要做哪些防护措施？镜头怕不怕沾水？英文双语对照

雪景是冬季的标识，也是必不可少的拍摄题材。大雪纷飞、银装素裹的冬日景致是摄影师最喜欢的摄影创作的天气之一。但若不能很好地处理好低温、风雪带来的不良影响，就算技术再高超也难以拍好雪景。

俗话说“工欲善其事必先利其器”，寒冷的天气势必对相机是个艰巨的挑战，在寒冷环境下，气温过低会对相机正常运作造成影响。所以咱们还是先从器材的准备和保护说起。冬日的低温、风雪等特殊天气容易造成器材的损伤，所以，到雪地拍摄，做足准备是绝对有必要。

1、相机

在冰天雪地之下，机身的防护能力往往就是保证拍摄的关键。因此在选择拍摄器材的时候首先要确认机身、镜头是否具备足够好的防护性能。一般来说市面上的单反、单反相机在零下10~20度以内拍摄，基本没问题。到了零下20~30度，大部分单反相机也是没问题，但有一部分会出现罢工，到了零下30度以下，基本只有专业级器材能在无防护条件下正常使用了。所以，如果需要到极寒之地进行拍摄的话，就需要仔细查阅相机资料，了解自己选择的器材是否合适。

此外，建议影友们可以准备一个相机防冻保暖套，为您的相机穿上一层厚厚的棉衣。

为防止空中飘舞的雪花落在相机、镜头上可能会很快融化成水，可以用脱脂棉或镜头纸将雪花及时擦掉或用气吹清除，温度低的时候千万别用嘴直接去吹，因为嘴里吹出的热气会使雪花融化后又迅速结成霜粘在镜头上，麻烦更大。建议在相机、镜头外，使用相机防雨雪保护罩，对相机、镜头起到一定的保温作用。

2、电池

现在的数码相机都需要强劲的动力来支持其工作，而冰天雪地下温度十分低，这样就会造成电池自放电情况明显，电池的续航时间会受到很大的影响。尽管现在电池技术提升了抗寒性，但还是会存在去电加速的现象。在拍摄雪天的时候尽可能选择一款使用锂电池的相机，因为锂电池比普通电池的抗寒性要好。为防患于未然，建议多准备几块电池

当然，电池的保暖工作也不能马虎。你可以把有些相机的电池包放在口袋中，然后通过一根线和相机连接起来，这既可以让你的电池保持温暖，又不影响拍摄。此外，在不拍摄的时候，把电池及时取下来，放入衣服口袋中保温，也能有效的延长电池的使用寿命。

合理省电：比如改用光学取景器替代液晶屏取景，电动镜头尽量少来回变焦，开启自动关机功能、关闭无线功能等。

3、防止水汽

戴眼镜的人都知道冬天从户外进入温暖的室内后眼镜上会有一层水蒸汽。同样的情况也会发生在镜头和相机内部。相机同人一样，它需要适应新的环境。当你从室外拍摄归来时，不要马上在温暖的屋内打开镜头盖，温差会导致镜头上出现凝露现象。

最好是在进入室内之前，最好用塑料袋把器材包裹起来，先放置室内一段时间恢复到室温后再取出，这样进到室内后，湿气就会凝结在塑料袋外面。万一受潮了别急着开机，应该在室内放置一段时间等湿气挥发了再使用或者可以用电吹风吹一下，但记得要用常温风。

4、脚架

除了相机和电池外，脚架也有它的工作温度。若是脚架在零下温度因冷缩而扭不动，甚至令脚管变形收不到，相当尴尬，又不能随意调校高低，令拍摄困难。

所以，选择大家往雪地拍摄前，三脚架是否可以在零下气温使用，大牌子一班会标明可使用的温度，如-40~70℃，如没有说明，宜先用大型的雪柜测试。三脚架不仅要考虑重量和稳固程度，更要考虑三脚架的耐寒和耐热温度、高度、防滑设计，否则脚架可能会因太低温而变形甚至损坏。一般来说，选择专业级脚架基本都能满足要求了。

5、携带、保护器材

在极寒环境，我们也不应长期让相机暴露在外，摄影包、摄影箱是很好的选择，保证更好的保护器材。

6、其他注意事项

（1）戴口罩。在寒冷天气下用取景器拍摄时，自己呼出的水汽有时也会使相机镜头变得朦胧，所以不要犯懒，带上口罩拍摄，并且随身携带一块软布，随时对相机进行清洁，以免水汽影响到拍摄。（2）在镜头前加UV镜和遮光罩。（3）随拍随取相机，拍摄时双手要有意识地护住相机。（4）忌用暖包。有些人爱用暖包来为手脚保暖，但留意其温度可以相当高，每年有不少因用暖包而烫伤的个案，人用已要小心，器材更应避免使用，就算是电池，放近身体的衣袋已能保暖，实无必要用暖包。（5）在雪花随风飞舞时，慎换镜头。

7、雨天的拍摄可以参考雪天拍摄的注意事项，另外镜头遇到一点水滴是不要紧的，及时擦干就好。

希望对你有帮助

Xue Jing is hiemal label, also be indispensable film subject matter. Heavy snow flies violently, one of weather that silver-coated wintry day scene is the photography creative work that cameraman likes most. But the bad influence that if cannot handle snow of good low temperature, wind well,brings, consider a technology again excellent to also pat good Xue Jing hard.

Common saying says " labour desire be apt to its thing needs first benefit its implement " , cold weather certainly will is a formidable challenge to camera, below cold environment, air temperature crosses small conference to be run normally to camera cause an effect. So we still are speak of from the preparation of equipment and protection first. The special weather such as snow of the low temperature of wintry day, wind causes the loss of equipment easily, so, film to snow ground, making sufficient preparation is to be necessary absolutely.

1, camera

It is under a world of ice and snow, the defends ability often assures to film namely key of airframe. Because this films in the choice equipment when should affirm whether airframe, camera lens is had above all enough defend well function. Generally speaking the sheet on market is turned over, sheet turns over camera to spend less than to film in 0 10~20, be no problem basically. Arrived 0 times 20~30 is spent, major sheet turns over camera also is to be no problem, but have occurrence strike of a branch, went to 30 degrees 0 times the following, basically only professional course material can be in without defend be used normally below the condition. So, if need extremely cold ground to undertake filming, with respect to need young canvass reviews camera data, the equipment that him understanding chooses is appropriate.

In addition, proposal image is friendly people can prepare heat preservation of prevent frostbite of a camera to cover, the camera that is you puts on a thick cotton-padded clothes.

Become water to prevent the snowflake that dance waves in sky to fall on camera, camera lens to may melt very quickly, can use pledget or camera lens paper general snowflake is seasonable erase or blow with gas cleared, must not be blown when temperature is low with the mouth directly, after because of what blow in the mouth steam can make snowflake melts form frost quickly to be stuck on camera lens again, the trouble is bigger. The proposal is outside camera, camera lens, use camera prevents pluvial snow to protect a cover, have certain heat preservation effect to camera, camera lens.

2, batteries

Present digital camera needs powerful motive force to support its to work, and the temperature below a world of ice and snow is very low, can cause batteries to discharge oneself so the case is clear, the add boat time of batteries can get very big impact. Although the technology promoted batteries to fight cold sex now, but still be meeting existence goes the phenomenon that report quickens. Filming Xue Tian when the camera that chooses battery of an use lithium as far as possible, because lithium battery compares general,connect batteries fight cold sex to be close friends. For the nip in the bud, the proposal prepares a few batteries more

Of course, the heat preservation of batteries works also cannot careless. You are OK in putting the batteries package of some camera in the pocket, rise through a line and camera join next, this can let your batteries keep warm already, do not affect again film. In addition, when filming, take battery in time, put the heat preservation in dress pocket, also can effective extension the service life of batteries.

Reasonable province report: Change to replace find a view of liquid crystal screen with optical viewfinder for instance, dynamoelectric camera lens as far as possible little back and forth scorch, open involves machine function automatically, shut wireless function to wait.

3, prevent lunt

The person that wears glasses knows a winter from outdoors the meeting on the glasses after those who enter warmth is indoor has a water vapour. Similar case also can happen in camera lens and camera interior. Camera colleague is same, it needs to get used to new environment. When you from outdoor film when returning, do not open lens brainpan inside warm house immediately, difference in temperature can bring about camera lens to go up occurrence condensation phenomenon.

Had better be to be in enter indoor before, had better rise equipment wrap up with polybag, the reassume after placing indoor period of time to restore room temperature first goes out, such entering go to indoor hind, damp can condense outside polybag. In case be affected with damp be affected with damp fasten rapid move to switch on the mobile phone, should place the damp such as period of time to volatilize indoors reuse perhaps can be blown with hair dryer, but remember with normal temperature wind.

4, horse

Besides camera and batteries, horse also has its working temperature. If horse is in 0 times because temperature is cold shrink and twist do not move, make even crural canal is out of shape do not close, quite awkward, cannot move school on any account at will again, it is difficult to make film.

So, before choosing everybody to film toward snow ground, whether can be tripod used in 0 air temperature, big sign can indicate one class spendable temperature, be like - 40~70 ℃ , if do not have a specification, appropriate checks with large snow ark first. Tripod should consider weight and stable rate not only, the cold-resistant that should consider tripod more and heat-resisting temperature, height, prevent slippery design, otherwise horse may because of too microtherm and be out of shape damage even. Generally speaking, choose professional class horse to be able to satisfy a requirement basically.

5, carry, protector material

In extremely cold environment, we also should not let camera for a long time expose outer, box of photography bag, photography is very good choice, assure nicer protector capable person.

6, other note

(1) wear guaze mask. When filming with viewfinder below cold weather, the lunt of own expiration also can make camera camera lens becomes hazy sometimes, do not make so lazy, take muzzle to film, and carry a soft cloth, undertake cleanness to camera at any time, lest lunt influence arrives,film. (2) UV lens and lens hood are added before camera lens. (3) along with pat along with take watch for a chance, the both hands when filming should protect camera conciously. (4) avoid uses warm bag. Some people love to be heat preservation of hands or feet with warm bag, but advertent its temperature can comparative tall, have a case of many because of using warm bag scald every year, the person is used already should take care, equipment should avoid to use more, it is batteries, the pocket that puts close body already can heat preservation, solid without necessary with warm bag. (5) when fluttering along with wind in snowflake, careful change camera lens.

7, the films OK and referenced Xue Tian films note of wet, additionally camera lens encounters a bit water never mind, it is good to be wiped in time.

The hope is helpful to you