山东有哪些传统文化？英文双语对照

习俗/民俗

山东素称“齐鲁之邦，礼仪之乡”，鲁中平原以农耕文化为特色，潍坊风筝、杨家埠年画散发着浓郁的泥土气息；胶东沿海渔家风情浓郁，粗犷奔放；鲁西地区传统深重，是孔孟之乡。在特有的地域文化熏陶下，山东的民俗风情风格多样，生生不息。

方言文化

山东有一百多个县市的方言均属于官话大区（也叫北方方言）。参考古代清声母入声字和次浊声母入声字在今天各地的分化规律，山东各地方言又分别划归三个不同的官话小区：冀鲁官话、中原官话、胶辽官话。那么山东方言的形成主要受什么因素影响呢？

节日文化

山东境内曾存有齐、鲁、曹、滕、卫诸国，齐国“通商工之业，便鱼盐之利，而人民多归”；鲁国融合周文化与东方文化，为“礼仪之邦”。而如今的山东是一个山东民俗风情多姿多彩，或古朴典雅，或灵巧别致，具有鲜明的地方色彩的一个城市。那么山东除了一些普通的节日风俗以外，山东还有哪些特殊的传统节日呢？

嫁娶文化

中国自古以来就人多地广。但是因为地域不同、文化差异等原因，中国各地婚礼习俗，包括每个地区订婚、结婚习俗自然也就不同。那么在山东这个大省里，现代都还保存着哪些婚嫁习俗呢？现代的结婚习俗和以前还有没有什么不同呢？

饮食文化

山东古称齐鲁，是中华民族群构时期的策源地之一。史前期的仰韶文化、大汶口文化、龙山文化及齐家文化的沉积，夏、商、周三代的兴盛与文化的纵横积淀，使得北方饮食文化中的齐鲁饮食文化区获得了显著发展，并因此成为众多区域文化区中影响最大的文化区。

山东禁忌

山东是孔孟之乡，无论过年过节，还是喝酒吃饭规矩都比较多。那么在山东生活的你，知道山东有哪些生活禁忌么？在山东生活，什么话不能说，说话需要注意哪些词语呢？山东的一些特殊的节日都需要注意些什么？

山东曲艺文化

山东快书

山东快书起源于山东省临清、济宁、菏泽、兖州一带的汉族传统曲艺形式，流行于山东、华北、东北各地。其初专说武松故事，曾名“武老二”。山东快书演唱者一人手持竹板或铜板两块，以快节奏击板叙唱，又名竹板快书，流传至今已有百余年历史。

胶东大鼓

胶东大鼓是一种山东省的传统戏曲剧种之一，主要伴奏乐器为三弦、书鼓、钢板(上为月牙形，下为长方形)。属板腔结构体，七声宫调式，主要板式有起腔、二板、平腔、落板等。胶东大鼓的艺术手段，主要是说和唱，通过说唱来交代故事，描绘人物，介绍环境，渲染气氛。那么胶东大鼓是起源于什么时候呢？胶东大鼓的艺术特色有哪些呢？

山东大鼓

山东大鼓是北方大鼓之鼻祖，中国北方地区现存最早的传统曲艺鼓书暨鼓曲形式，相传形成于明代末期，已有三百五十多年的历史。主要流传于以山东省菏泽为中心的广大鲁、苏、豫地区。原称犁铧大鼓， 因其伴奏乐器为犁铧碎片而得名。自《老残游记》之后，始谐音美其称为“梨花大鼓”。那么山东大鼓有哪些艺术特色呢？

山东琴书

山东琴书是山东地区传统曲艺品种之一，又称“小曲子”、“唱扬琴”、“山东洋琴”、“改良琴书”等。发源于鲁西南的菏泽（古曹州）地区，产生于清代乾隆初年。原为农民自娱的庄家耍（又叫玩局）。清末呈现兴盛局面，名家辈出，流传地区日益广泛。那么山东琴书相比胶东大鼓还有山东快书，山东琴书又有什么艺术特色呢？

山东建筑文化

山东建筑文化

古建筑是先人为我们留下的珍贵文化瑰宝，它具有历史、文化、科技、艺术等多方面价值。一座保存完好的古建筑，既是研究某一阶段历史文化的重要实物资料，又是社会、文化变迁的历史见证。那么山东有哪些著名的古建筑呢，山东特色建筑有哪些？

山东民间艺术

潍坊风筝

山东潍坊市被各国推崇为“世界风筝之都”。山东潍坊是中国著名风筝产地，明代就已在民间出现扎制风筝的艺人。清代，随着放风筝习俗的流行，风筝艺术亦达到鼎盛阶段。那么潍坊风筝有什么特点呢？潍坊风筝成为中国著名风筝的产地的原因是什么？潍坊风筝的制作工艺有哪些呢？

高密剪纸

高密剪纸是山东省高密市汉族民间艺术三绝之一。高密剪纸包括窗花、门笺、墙花、顶棚花、灯花、花样、喜花、春花、丧花等。它的流传同高密农村的节令风俗有着密切的关系。窗花、门笺、灯花，便是在春节或元宵节时贴挂的。高密剪纸题材广泛内容丰富，花草虫鱼、飞禽走兽和人物皆可入剪。

聂家庄泥塑

聂家庄泥塑被称为高密四绝之一，是一种古老的传统民间艺术，作为山东省高密市聂家庄生产的泥玩具。相传始于明代隆庆、万历年间。那么聂家庄泥塑到底是怎么发展而成的呢？

扑灰年画

扑灰年画是中国历史悠久的汉族传统民间艺术形式，山东高密地区汉族民间年画中的一个古老画种，始见于明代成化年间(1465-1487年)，盛行于清代。从现有的资料看，现在中国只有高密一地存在这种年画，主要集中在高密北乡姜庄、夏庄一带三十多个村庄。所谓扑灰，即用柳枝烧灰，描线作底版，一次复印多张。

Consuetudinary / folk-custom

Shandong element says " neat Lu Zhibang, formal countryside " , lu Zhongping is changed with Nong Gengwen formerly for characteristic, new Year picture of port of Wei lane kite, Home Yang is sending out full-bodied clay breath; Glue east amorous feelings of coastal fishing home is full-bodied, straightforward and bold and unrestrained; Tradition of Lu Xi area is very grave, it is the countryside of aperture the first month. In peculiar district culture edification falls, the style of folk-custom amorous feelings of Shandong is diversiform, unripe be born not to cease.

Dialectal culture

The dialect that Shandong has city of more than 100 counties all belongs to government-owned word large area (also call northward dialect) . Word of entering tone of clear initial consonant of referenced ancient time and word of entering tone of second chaotic initial consonant are in today the differentiation rule of each district, dialect of Shandong each district parts again the government-owned word village that put under differs 3 times: Word of word of word of Ji Lu's official, Central Plains official, glue distant official. So is Shandong formed dialectally what element to basically suffer to affect?

Festal culture

Shandong churchyard Ceng Cunyou is neat, rash, Cao, Teng, defend all countries, neat country " the course of study that have trade relations is versed in, the benefit of piscine salt, and people returns more " ; Lu Guorong combines week of culture and Oriental culture, for " formal state " . And the Shandong nowadays is amorous feelings of folk-custom of a Shandong much appearance is colorful, or elegance of of primitive simplicity, or address and chic, have bright local colorific a city. So Shandong besides a few common festival custom, what special traditional red-letter day does Shandong still have?

Espouse culture

China from of old with respect to the person much ground is wide. But because of district the reason such as difference of different, culture, wedding of Chinese each district is consuetudinary, include every area to be engaged, marry consuetudinary nature is different also. So it is in this Shandong big province, contemporary return in store what marriage is consuetudinary? Is contemporary marriage consuetudinary and what to still have to differ before?

Dietary culture

Shandong is ancient weigh Qi Lu, it is the Chinese nation group one of original place of compose period. Culture of mouth of the Yangshao culture of prehistoric period, big short of Wenshui River, the Longshan Culture reachs the deposit of the Qijia culture, what summer, business, Zhou San takes the place of is flourishing accumulate with the freely of culture, the area of culture of Qi Lu food that makes northward food culture medium obtained remarkable development, because this becomes numerous area culture,the largest culture area is affected in the area.

Shandong is no-no

Shandong is the countryside of aperture the first month, no matter pass a part too, still drink have a meal custom is more. So live in Shandong you, know what life Shandong has to abstain from? Live in Shandong, what word cannot say, does conversation need what to term note? What do a few special red-letter days of Shandong need to notice?

Shandong quyi culture

Shandong quick-patter

The form of quyi of tradition of the Han nationality that province of Shandong of Shandong quick-patter traceable faces city of peace of Qing Dynasty, aid, He lustre, Yan to be taken, popular at Shandong, China north, northeast each district. Wu Song story says only at the beginning of its, ceng Ming " fierce second " . One hand supports Shandong quick-patter singer bamboo clappers or copperplate two, attack board appraise to sing with fast rhythm, quick-patter of renown bamboo clappers, circulate already had more than 100 years of histories up to now.

Glue east bass drum

Glue east one of traditional opera type of drama that bass drum is province of a kind of Shandong, basically accompany achieve musical instrument to be beat of trichord, book, armor plate (on for crescent moon form, rectangular) is below. Belong to style of board antrum structure, type of 7 modes of ancient Chinese music, main board type has an accent, 2 board, smooth pitch, fall board etc. Glue east the artistic method of bass drum, basically be compose a quarrel is sung, will tell a story through a genre of popular entertainment consisting mainly of talking and singing, represent a person, introduce an environment, apply colours to a drawing atmosphere. So glue east is bass drum traceable when? Glue east what does the artistic trait of bass drum have?

Shandong tom-tom

Shandong tom-tom is the originator of northward tom-tom, chinese northern region is existent book of the earliest beat of conventional clapper talks and bosomy music form, according to legend forms Yu Ming acting evening, already had history of more than 350 years. What basically circulate at be being saved with Shandong He lustre is a center is broad rash, revive, comfort zone. Call plaughshare bass drum formerly, because its accompany achieve musical instrument,get a name for plaughshare fragment. From " old incomplete travel notes " later, only then its call homophonic beauty " pear spends bass drum " . So what artistic distinguishing feature does Shandong tom-tom have?

Shandong story-telling

Shandong story-telling is one of breed of quyi of Shandong area tradition, say again " little song " , " sing dulcimer " , " Shandong dulcimer " , " improved story-telling " etc. The He that sends source Yulu southwest lustre (Gu Caozhou) area, at the beginning of acting Qianlong of generation Yu Qing year. Play from the banker of amusement for the farmer formerly (make play again bureau) . Clear minor details presents flourishing situation, a person of academic or artistic distinction comes forth in large numbers, circulate the area is increasingly wide. So Shandong story-telling photograph compares glue east bass drum still has Shandong quick-patter, what art distinguishing feature does Shandong story-telling have again?

Shandong builds culture

Shandong builds culture

Ancient building is the precious culture gem that forefathers leaves for us, it has the many sided value such as the history, culture, science and technology, art. One saves whole ancient structure, since studies the important solid goods and materials of culture of some level history expects, it is the historical testimony of changes of society, culture. So Shandong has what well-known ancient building, what does Shandong characteristic building have?

Shandong folk art

Wei lane kite

City of Shandong Wei lane is by each country praise highly " of world kite " . Shandong Wei lane is producing area of Chinese famous kite, bright generation already appeared in folk plunge into the actor that makes kite. Qing Dynasty is acting, as the popularity with consuetudinary fly a kite, kite art also reachs level of at the height of power and splendour. So what characteristic does Wei lane kite have? What is the matter that Wei lane kite becomes the source of Chinese famous kite? What does the making craft of Wei lane kite have?

High density paper-cut

High density paper-cut is folk art of the Han nationality of city of Shandong province high density 3 absolutely one of. High density paper-cut includes paper-cut for window decoration, door flower of flower of flower of annotation, wall, ceiling flower, snuff, pattern, happy event, spring flower, funeral. Its circulate the custom of climate and other natural phenomena of a season that is the same as high density country is having close relationship. Annotation of paper-cut for window decoration, door, snuff, it is stick when the Spring Festival or festival of lanterns hang. Extensive content abounds subject matter of high density paper-cut, fish of bug of flowers and plants, birds and beasts and character all can be entered cut.

Nie Jiazhuang clay sculpture

Clay sculpture of Home Nie place of business is called high density 4 absolutely one of, it is a kind of ancient traditional folk art, the slimy toy that as city of Shandong province high density Nie Jiazhuang produces. According to legend only then between Yu Ming Dai Longqing, 10 thousand past years. So is clay sculpture of Home Nie place of business after all how develop and how develop and become?

Attack grey New Year picture

Attack grey New Year picture is the form of folk art of tradition of the Han nationality with Chinese long history, one of New Year picture of folk of the Han nationality of area of Shandong high density old picture is planted, only then see Yu Ming takes the place of to change year (1465-1487 year) , be current takes the place of at Qing Dynasty. Look from existing data, china has high density to be put in this kind of New Year picture only now, basically center in village of ginger of countryside of high density north, Xia Zhuang to take more than 30 villages. Alleged attack grey, burn ash with sallow namely, draw line makes photographic plate, duplicate is much piece.