如何做好农村小学生心理健康教育？英文双语对照

随着社会的迅速发展。健康的范畴也在扩大，社会对劳动者素质的要求，也在不断的提高，不仅要求领导者有着健康的身体，更要有良好的心理素质，健康的心理。而小学生正是心理发展、性格养成的关键时期，做好小学生的心理健康教育，不仅对小学生的健康成长有着重要意义，而且对实施素质教育，培养合格的社会主义建设人才有着重要作用。小学生心理健康教育是一项科学性、实践性很强的教育工作，尤其对农村小学高年级十一、二岁的学生。他们已经进入“心理断乳期”，主体意识增强，认为自己经长大成人了，成熟了。另外，受心理因素的作用，他们的情绪会躁动不安，需要同学、老师、家长的理解、赏识与沟通。结合自己多年的教学实践，就农村小学生的心理健康教育浅谈我的看法一、农村小学生心理健康方面存在的问题

随着社会的发展变化，农村小学生生活的社会环境也在发生着变化，电视、网咯、游戏等也在慢慢地影响着他们的生活。家庭方面：随着农村外出务工人员的增多，很多农村孩子成了“留守儿童”。学校教育的方式也在发生变化，这些都给农村小学生的心理产生了较大的影响，一些小学生产生了心理障碍或心理方面的问题。从我校的情况来看，现在农村小学生在心理方面存在的问题，我个人认为有以下几个方面：

1．女生看电视成瘾，迷恋上网；男生玩电子游戏，打架斗殴。

由于大部分农村“留守儿童”在家由祖辈监管，一方面，因为爷爷奶奶对孩子的监管不严，另一方面，祖辈的溺爱，致使一部分孩子沉迷于看电视，甚至有的孩子放学后偷偷到网吧去上网、玩电子游戏。学校附近开着黑网吧，星期天学生回校的时候就进去了。这些对孩子都产生了较坏的影响。 2．野蛮、娇纵、以自我为中心

经常有老师告诉我，现在的孩子真是太难管了，有的孩子太任性了，犯了错误不愿认错，不服管教，总是以自我为中心。去年，在本地区就发生了这样一件惨痛的事件：一名学生因在宿舍打扫卫生碰另一位同学的衣服，然后就被另一个同学捅了一刀，幸亏送去医院及时不然生命就受到极大的危险，可是这个孩子却说最多出医药费。发生这样的惨剧，一方面，是家长、老师的教育方式有问题，没有很好的对孩子进行心理疏通，另一方面，是这个孩子野蛮、偏执等不健康的心理所造成的，这样的事情发人深省，教训告诉我们要更加关注小学生的心理健康教育。3．自卑、自闭、交往能力差

有的学生由于家庭的特殊情况，或自己的学习成绩不够理想，总认为别人看不起自己，心理上自卑，行动上自闭，在班级活动中表现不踊跃，课外不愿和其他学生玩耍，身上缺少了儿童活泼好动的天性，与他人交往能力不强，这样的学生在幼小的心灵上产生了障碍，这就要求教师在平时的工作中，要多观察、多开导、多鼓励、多帮助这些孩子，让他们与其他孩子一样具有阳光的心理，快乐的童年。

农村小学生产生上述心理问题的原因，：一方面，是社会原因，社会应更加关注农村小学生的心理健康教育，更加关注“留守儿童”，努力为孩子创造健康成长的良好的社会环境；另一方面，是学校教育方面的原因，农村学校教育要把对小学生的心理健康教育重视起来，认真做好小学生的心理健康教育。此外，还有家庭方面的原因，农村家长对孩子的教育缺乏科学的教育方式和教育知识，忽视了孩子的心理健康教育，忽视了“留守儿童”精神上对父爱、母爱的需求。

1．关注“留守儿童”

就我校的“留守儿童”情况，做了初步调查，父母都外出打工的占75%，父母有一方在外打工的占90%。长期的留守，得不到父爱、母爱，对这些孩子的成长产生了极为不利的影响。在农村看到小孩子由祖辈带、儿童满地爬、接受不到应有的教育、孩子心理健康没有人关怀等种种现象，让我们感受到了这些留守孩子对父母呵护的心理需求。这也需要社会各界对“留守儿童”给予广泛关注，这已引起我们当地政府的关注，我们县的领导及社会各界人士已对农村留守儿童结对帮扶，在 “六??一”对他们进行慰问，给他们送去慰问金和学习用品，这做得很好，但是我学校地处偏远，很少得到这种待遇的。

监管“留守儿童”的祖辈们应多关心这些孩子，严格要求他们，多听听孩子的想法，改变教育方式。外出打工的父母们应经常和孩子保持联系，倾听孩子的心声，多给予孩子精神上的抚慰。

2．办好家长学校，指导家长对学生进行心理健康教育

我校是通过定期举办家长会议，指导农村家长转变教育观念，使他们了解和掌握一些简单的心理健康教育知识，要求他们多了解和关心孩子，多和孩子沟通，密切注意孩子的情绪变化，及时给孩子进行一些心理疏导，让他们学会一些教育孩子的科学方法，争做一名合格家长，通过家校配合来共同做好孩子的心理健康教育。

3．建立学校--家庭--社区心理教育 学生生活在家庭的时间很多，家庭环境，家长本身不健全的人格或不健全的心理会直接影响到学生的心理发展，甚至会造成学生心理压力和心理问题。因而提高家长的心理健康教育意识也是必不可少的。学校可利用家长会、家长学校等形式开设心理讲座，讲清儿童的心理发展的特点，指导广大家长掌握科学的家教方法，学校的咨询机构不但针对学生，而且也要对个别家长进行咨询与辅导。开展丰富多彩的活动，通过各种喜闻乐见的活动形式，使学生发挥才智，发展想象力、创造力，塑造学生良好的心理品质，提高心理素质。

总而言之，关注小学生的心理健康是目前小学教师不可忽视的重点。

As rapid development of the society. Healthy category also is expanding, the social requirement to laborer quality, also rising ceaselessly, ask the leader is having healthy body not only, should have good psychological quality more, healthy psychology. And the crucial period that pupil is nurturance of psychological development, disposition, do the mental health education of good pupil, grow to the health of pupil not only having important sense, and teach to carrying out quality, the socialism that fosters qualification builds a talent to having main effect. Education of pupil mental health is the educational job with a scientific sex, very strong practicality, especially high to rural elementary school grade 11, student of 2 years old. They had been entered " psychology breaks lacteal period " , main body consciousness increases, think oneself grew up via be brought up, matured. Additional, suffer the effect of psychological element, their mood can move restlessly disturbed, the understanding that needs classmate, teacher, parent, appreciate and communicate. Combine oneself old education practice, the mental health education with respect to rural pupil is shallow the view that talks about me one, the problem that respect of rural pupil mental health exists

Change as social development, the social environment that rural pupil lives also is in producing change, the cough up of TV, net, game life that also affecting them slowly. Domestic respect: Go out as the country the grow in quantity of Wu work staff, child of a lot of countries was become " children staying behind " . The way that the school teachs also is in produce change, these psychology that give a country pupil produced bigger effect, a few pupil produced the problem of psychogenic disorder or psychological respect. From the point of the circumstance of my school, rural pupil puts the issue that be in in psychological respect now, my individual thinks to have the following sides:

1. The schoolgirl sees TV become addiction, get online madly; The schoolboy plays electronic game, fight affray.

As a result of major country " children staying behind " superintend by ancestors in the home, on one hand, because grandfather grandma is right the child's superintendency is lax, on the other hand, of ancestors doting, cause indulge of one part child to watch TV, even some children get online after school secretly to the Internet bar, play electronic game. There is black Internet bar near the school, the student is answered on Sunday school when went in. These produced baddish effect to the child. 2. Cruel, pamper, it is a center with ego

Often the teacher tells me, present child is too difficult canal really, some children are too capricious, made a mistake do not wish to acknowledge a mistake, refuse to obey certainly, always be a center with ego. Last year, produced a such bitter event in our region: Because a student cleans sanitation to touch the dress of another classmate in the dormitory, next by another classmate disclose one knife, send a hospital fortunately seasonable otherwise life gets huge is dangerous, but this child says however,give medical expenses at most. Produce such tragic, on one hand, the educational means that is the parent, teacher has a problem, undertake psychological dredge without pair of very good children, on the other hand, it is this child cruel, cranky wait for insalubrious psychological place to cause, such thing is thought-provoking, the lesson tells the mental health that we want to pay close attention to pupil more education. 3. Self-abased, shut oneself, truck capacity is poor

Some students because special situation of the family, or oneself study result is not quite ideal, always think others looks down on him, mentally is self-abased, shut oneself on the action, behave in class activity not eagerly, extracurricular does not wish and other student amuse oneself, children was lacked on the body lively good the nature that alter, not as strong as other truck capacity, such student produced an obstacle on little heart, in the job when this teachs Shi Zaiping with respect to the requirement, should much observation, much channel, much encourage, help these children more, let they and the mentality that its have sun like his child, happy childhood.

Rural pupil produces the account of afore-mentioned psychological problems, : On one hand, it is social reason, the society should pay close attention to the mental health education of rural pupil more, pay close attention to more " children staying behind " , the favorable social environment that creates health to grow for the child hard; On the other hand, it is the account that the school teachs a respect, rural school education wants to value the mental health education to pupil rise, do the mental health education of good pupil seriously. In addition, still have the reason of domestic respect, rural parent lacks scientific educational way and educational knowledge to the child's education, ignored mental health education of the child, ignored " children staying behind " the to father love, mother love demand on spirit.

1. Pay close attention to " children staying behind "

With respect to my school " children staying behind " circumstance, made preliminary investigation, parents goes out work occupy 75% , parents has one party outer work occupy 90% . Stay behind for a long time, cannot get father love, mother love, the growing generation to these children very adverse effect. Dot sees climb completely by ancestors belt, children in the country, mental health of the education that accepts less than answering to have, child does not have a variety of phenomena such as person consideration, let us feel the psychological demand that these children staying behind caress to parents. This also needs social all circles to be opposite " children staying behind " give wide attention, this already caused the attention of our place government, the leader of our county and personage of social all circles already writtened guarantee to rural children staying behind help up to the side, be in " 6? ? One " undertake expressing sympathy and solicitude for to them, send condolatory Jin Hexue exercise things to them, this is done very well, but my school is located in out-of-the-way, receive this kind of treatment rarely.

Superintend " children staying behind " ancestors people should care these children more, strict requirement they, hear the child's opinion more, the change teachs way. Go out working parents often should maintain connection with the child, listen attentively to the child's aspirations, what give child spirit to go up more is placatory.

2. Run good parent school, directive parent undertakes to the student mental health is taught

My school is through holding parent meeting regularly, transformation of directive country parent teachs a concept, make their understanding is mixed master a few simple mental health to teach knowledge, ask to they understand more and care the child, communicate with the child more, pay close attention the child's mood changes, undertake dredge of a few psychology in time to the child, let them learn the scientific method of child of a few education, contend for do an eligible parent, cooperate to do the mental health education of good child jointly through domestic school.

3. Build the school- - family- - the time that community psychology teachs a student to live in the family is very much, domestic environment, the character with parent diseased itself or the psychology that diseased psychology can affect a student directly develop, can create student psychology pressure and psychological problem even. The consciousness of mental health education that raises the parent consequently also is indispensable. The school can use the parent the form such as school of meeting, parent offers psychological lecture, the psychology of the children that tell Qing Dynasty sends the characteristic that exhibit, directive and broad parent masters scientific family education method, the advisory orgnaization of the school not only be aimed at a student, and also should undertake advisory to individual parent with coach. Develop the activity of rich and colorful, adopt the mobile form of all sorts of love to see and hear, make the student develops acumen, develop imagination, creativity, model the student's good psychology quality, improve psychological quality.

Altogether, the mental health that pays close attention to pupil is the focal point that at present elementary school teacher cannot overlook.