光圈大小的调节？英文双语对照

大家都知道用相机拍照时，通过调节光圈的大小会得到不同景深的照片。那么问题来了，我们在拍照时到底要如何调节光圈的大小？在拍摄不同物体时要如何控制景深？不同的光圈适合拍摄哪些不同的物体？接下来我和大家深度解析，不用大家过多的去思考，记住调节方法就行。

一：认识光圈和光圈数值的关系

光圈实际上是一直打开的，当你按下快门时，光圈的大小会收缩至你在相机上设定的数值大小。我们在拍照时经常听到别人说开大光圈和小光圈。那么什么是大光圈和小光圈呢？我们以应用在35mm相机的50mm焦距人像镜头为例，最大光圈可以做到f1.4，此时相机的进光量最大，最小光圈为f22，此时相机的进光量最小。这里大家就明白了，大光圈代表着光圈的f值最小，小光圈的f值最大，我们要牢记光圈的大小调节和设置的f值的大小是相反的，大光圈小数值，小光圈大数值。我们在相机上调节时，将相机设置成手的模式。按住主拨盘往左滑动是调节光圈变大，往右边滑动是调节光圈变小。

二：认识光圈大小和景深的关系

景深是什么意思？专业解释太过复杂，简单说就是拍摄时在焦点外的区域的清晰程度。大景深代表着焦点外区域都会呈现出更加清晰的状态，小（浅）景深代表这焦点意外的区域呈现出更加模糊的状态。大家要记住的口诀是：大景深，焦点外越清晰，背景虚化效果差。小（浅）景深，焦点外越模糊，背景虚化效果好。我们来看下图两种图片，图一是使用f1.7的大光圈拍摄，我们可以看到焦点外的区域是模糊的，图二是使用f22的小光圈拍摄，焦点外的区域是清晰的。这样我们就能总结出光圈大小和景深的关系，大光圈，f值越小，景深越小，背景越模糊。小光圈，f值越大，景深越大，背景越清晰。当然控制景深大小还与其它有关系，在这里只谈光圈的影响。

三：拍照时如何实时运用光圈的大小

使用大光圈拍摄时，我们会得到浅景深的背景，背景很模糊。此时相机的进光量增多，必须用高速快门拍摄。我们在外拍摄时，由于背景特别复杂没办法去除，又想要突出你照片的主体，这时我们就需要用到大光圈浅景深拍摄。适合拍摄各种人像写真拍摄。比如在拍摄街道人像写真、风景区人像摄影写真。另外使用大光圈拍摄静物，也是一个不错的选择。比如微距拍摄的蜜蜂、花朵。

使用小光圈拍摄时，我们会得到大景深的背景，背景很清晰。此时相机的进光量减少，必须将快门速度调低增加进光量。由于利用小光圈拍摄得到的时清晰的背景，我们不得不去考虑好构图，将每一张图片调整到最佳的拍摄状态。此时这种小光圈适合拍摄风景照、合影照，这样在焦点意外也能得到比较清晰的范围。

四：不同的场景应该怎么调节

室外拍摄时，由于会出现不可避免的人物出现。拍摄外景写真时，我们就可以使用大光圈拍摄，光圈数值应在f4以下。如果背景不是那么抢眼，我们可以适当用小光圈拍摄，此时要注意人物和背景必须有层次感，达到人物与景的分离，光圈的数值应在f4以上。具体调节大小根据不同的摄影机有不通过的区别。

室内拍摄时，由于光线比较低，我们不得不开启闪光灯或者补光灯拍摄，这是我们可以选择小一点的光圈进行拍摄，这样的照片也会很清晰，让照片看起来很有质感。

拍摄婚纱照情侣照时，由于时两人一起拍摄。我们要尽量不要将光圈开到最大，这样很容易拍另外一个人拍模糊。此时光圈最好在2.8以上拍摄，同时也能得到虚化的背景。拍摄毕业集体照时，我们要用小光圈拍摄。一般我是用7.1以上的光圈，同时用的是人像定焦50mm镜头拍摄。

拍摄夜景时，由于光线太弱，我们就需要调节到大光圈进行拍摄。同时使用正面补光灯，这时候使用大光圈你会发现背景会虚化成星班的亮光非常的唯美。

夜景人像

不同的场景有着不同的光圈调节方式，这里就不再做过多的阐述，我们最重要的是学会理解光圈呈现的原理以及带来的景深的关系，当你把每件事情的原理理解透彻后，运用起来就会更加容易。

When everybody knows to take a picture with camera, through adjusting the size of aperture can get the picture of different depth of field. So the issue came, how should we adjust after all when take a picture the size of aperture? How filming want to dominate depth of field when different object? The object that films what differ does different aperture suit? Next I am mixed everybody deepness is analytic, need not everybody thinks too much, remember adjusting the method goes.

One: Meet aperture and the concern with numeric aperture

Aperture is opened all the time actually, press when you when shutter, the size of aperture can contract to be to you on camera the numeric size of set. We often hear others to say big aperture and small aperture when take a picture. So what is big aperture and small aperture? We it is in order to apply in the shot of portrait of 50mm focal length of 35mm camera exemple, the biggest aperture can accomplish F1.4, the amount receiving light of camera is the right now largest, the smallest aperture is F22, the amount receiving light of camera is the right now smallest. Here everybody understood, the F value that big aperture is representing aperture is the least, the F value of small aperture is the greatest, the size that we want to remember aperture well adjusts and the size of the F value of the setting is contrary, big aperture fraction is worth, small aperture great numerical value. We adjust on camera when, watch for an opportunity the setting becomes the pattern of the hand. Press advocate dial is gone to left sliding is to adjust aperture greatens, sliding toward right is to adjust aperture decrescent.

2: Meet the concern of aperture size and depth of field

What meaning is depth of field? Professional explanation too too complex, say the clear rate of the outside the focus area when filming namely simply. Big depth of field is representing focal outskirt region to be able to present a more clear position, small (shallow) the district that depth of field represents this focus accident presents a more ambiguous position. A pithy formula that everybody should remember is: Big depth of field, clarity is jumped over outside the focus, setting empty turns effect difference. Small (shallow) depth of field, blur more outside the focus, it is good that setting empty turns the result. The plan lays in light of us two kinds of pictures, the big aperture that the graph is use F1.7 films, we can see the area outside the focus is ambiguous, graph the 2 small aperture that are use F22 film, the area outside the focus is clear. Such concerns that we can summarize an aperture size and depth of field, big aperture, f value is less, depth of field is smaller, setting is more ambiguous. Small aperture, f value is greater, depth of field is bigger, background is clearer. Control size of depth of field to still matter with other of course, talk about the influence of aperture only here.

3: How is the volume of aperture handled in real time when taking a picture

When using big aperture to film, we can get the setting of shallow depth of field, setting is very ambiguous. Right now the increase of the volume that receive light of camera, must film with high speed shutter. We are outer when filming, because setting is particularly complex,do not have method purify, want to stress the principal part of your photograph again, at this moment we use big aperture shallow depth of field to film with respect to need. Suit to film all sorts of figure photo film. Filming street a respectful form of address for a Taoist priest resembles photo of photo, photography of beauty spot figure for instance. Use big aperture to film additionally still life, also be a right choice. For instance small be apart from filmed bee, flower.

When using small aperture to film, we can get the setting of big depth of field, background is very clear. Right now the quantity receiving light of camera decreases, must move shutter rate low increase into smooth quantity. Because use small aperture to film,get when clear background, we must consider good composition of a picture, each pieces the picture adjusts first-rate to film condition. Right now this kind of small aperture suits to film the scenery is illuminated, group photo is illuminated, also can get comparative distinct range in focal accident so.

4: How should different setting adjust

When filming outdoor, because can appear,inevitable character appears. Film when exterior photo, we can use big aperture to film, aperture numerical value should be under F4. If setting is not so grab an eye, we can film with small aperture appropriately, want to notice character and setting must have administrative levels feeling right now, achieve the depart of character and scene, the numerical value of aperture should be in F4 above. Specific adjustment size has the distinction that has been illogical according to different cinematograph.

Indoor when filming, because the light is lower, we must open flashlight perhaps fills smooth lamp films, this is we can choose a bit smaller aperture to undertake filming, such photograph also is met very clear, let a photograph have qualitative feeling very much it seems that.

When filming marriage gauze is illuminated according to sweethearts, as a result of when two people film together. We should not open aperture as far as possible the biggest, pat another person very easily to pat faintness so. This days circle had better film in 2.8 above, the setting that also can get empty is changed at the same time. When filming graduation collective is illuminated, we want to film with small aperture. General I am the aperture that uses 7.1 above, what use at the same time is figure focuses 50mm camera lens to film.

Film when night scene, because the light is too weak, we undertake filming to big aperture with respect to need adjustment. Use openly Bu Guangdeng at the same time, use big aperture at that time you can discover setting is met the light that empty turns astral class is intense only beautiful.

Night scene figure

Different setting is having different aperture to adjust means, do no longer here elaborate too much, we are the most important is the relation of the principle that learns to understand aperture to appear and brought depth of field, after your principle understanding every thing is lucid, apply it is more easy to rise to be met.