农村留守儿童暑期教育问题？英文双语对照

出现农村留守儿童假日教育盲点的原因多种多样。从体验父母打工生活的教育、兴趣性的技能培训教育、亲子阅读活动、亲近大自然和走进大学城、有关部门开展公益活动等方面，研究解决农村留守儿童假日教育盲点的策略。

假日教育；农村教育；留守儿童；

在对2118名农村义务教育阶段学生的调查中，发现有1053名学生为留守儿童，占全部调查农村儿童的49.7%，接近一半。这些农村留守儿童的家庭教育和学校教育有时存在着双重缺乏，特别是假日教育，有时可以说是放羊式教育。学校认为假日属于家庭教育时间，而留守儿童父母认为孩子平时学习很辛苦，玩玩也无所谓，自己也很忙，也无暇照顾，听之任之。这样，往往会出现教育空当，使孩子的品德、安全和学习都处于失衡状态，往往出现品德滑坡、学习成绩下降等现象。文章研究农村留守儿童假日教育盲点现象，并提出相关建议。

一、出现农村留守儿童假日教育盲点的原因

经过多年的教育观察发现，出现农村留守儿童假日教育盲点的原因，主要有以下几种。

（1）家庭教育与学校教育方式有时大相径庭。留守儿童的家长大部分都长时间在农村工作，他们的文化水平、接触的社会环境、实际的经济情况以及教育理念等都有所不同。在假期，家长对留守儿童的教育多是放养式或者是散养式。多数只对孩子的饮食起居给予关心，而对孩子的教育则可能不管不问，或者是无从下手。

（2）孩子的活动场所不多，难以开展活动。由于资金困难，有些地方难以向学生提供少年宫、图书馆、体育场馆等活动场所。因此，学生在假期难以找到合适的地方进行学习娱乐活动。

（3）学校教育有时鞭长莫及。忙碌了一个学期后，许多教师的假期大多放在自我学习与培训之中。对于留守儿童的假日教育，学校教师往往安排在放假前的一两天，先布置好假期作业，然后开学之后对作业进行检查评比。有时往往是学生写一个月，教师写一个“阅”。在整个假期，留守儿童的假日教育只能交给社会与家长。

二、解决农村留守儿童假日教育盲点的策略

怎样解决农村留守儿童假日教育盲点，促进孩子身心健康发展呢？这时，家庭教育要唱主角，而且要有计划地进行。

（1）体验父母打工生活的教育。利用留守儿童假期时间长的特点，父母可以让孩子到自己打工的地方团聚，体验父母平时的打工生活，体会父母养家的辛苦，也可以力所能及地做一些家务或者参与父母的工作。有一对夫妇在海南卖工艺品，暑假时让远在河南老家的孩子到自己工作的地方帮自己卖工艺品，一是体验父母的工作，二是感悟现实社会，三是通过自食其力挣零花钱。假期返校，教师问这个学生的体会。这个学生说：父母真是太辛苦，经常在户外，父母晒得很黑，一天从早忙到晚，也挣不了几个钱。以后，花钱一定要节俭，而且要努力学习。这种人生体验，是靠说教得不到的，感悟是最好的教育。

（2）兴趣性的技能培训教育。假期可以让孩子根据自己的兴趣参加一些技能培训班，学习一些技能。父母要注重引导孩子，告诉孩子一定要有健康的兴趣和爱好。体育运动爱好，可以让人有一个健康的身体，不生病或者少生病；琴棋书画诗词歌赋爱好，可以让生活情趣高雅，提高思想道德修养。比如，有些家长让孩子参加游泳培训班、拓展训练夏令营、钢琴培训班、美术培训班，都是很好的选择。

（3）进行亲子阅读活动。可以请教师开列一些有益身心健康的书单，然后和孩子一起进行亲子阅读，相互交流阅读心得。这样，一是可以培养孩子的阅读兴趣，二是可以和孩子一起共同提高。同读一本书，是增进父母与孩子感情的最重要手段，也是建设书香家庭、构建学习型家庭的好办法。有些经典名著可以放在书架上，引导孩子经常阅读。比如《西游记》《三国演义》《红楼梦》《水浒传》《朝花夕拾》《骆驼祥子》《格利佛游记》《童年》《钢铁是怎样炼成的》《名人传》《巴黎圣母院》《复活》《普希金诗选》《老人与海》。

（4）亲近大自然和走进大学城。除了读万卷书，还有一个最好的教育办法，就是行万里路。走进大自然，让孩子在旅行中增长见识，体验风土人情，感受不一样的生活。还有一个好办法，就是走进大学城，让孩子提前观察一下大学生生活和学习的地方，让孩子很早就萌生对大学的向往之情，发愤图强，努力学习。

（5）社会有关部门多开展一些针对农村留守儿童的公益活动。比如，很多部门的文化下乡活动可以在暑假送到农村来；城市学生开展的夏令营活动，也应该以合适的方式在农村开展；让城乡孩子结对子，互相走一走，看一看。政府应当积极组织与引领，让更多的社会热心人士参与这些农村留守儿童的假日教育。三、结束语总之，假期是父母对留守儿童进行教育的黄金时段，千万不能忽视。全社会都要关心留守儿童的教育，特别是假日教育。父母平时不在身边，平时的教育是缺失的，不能在假期再失去教育的最佳节点，一定要有计划、有目的地进行教育。最好的教育是陪伴孩子，和孩子共同成长，聆听孩子的心声，让孩子自己去体验，去感受。

The account that holiday of occurrence country children staying behind teachs scotoma is varied. From the experience parents works the skill of sex of the education of the life, interest grooms education, close child read activity, close nature and walk into college town, concerned branch to develop the field such as commonweal activity, holiday of children of thrash out country staying behind teachs the strategy of scotoma.

Holiday education; Rural education; Children staying behind;

In the investigation that teachs level student to 2118 countries obligation, discovery has 1053 students to be children staying behind, 49.7% what take children of full investigation country, approach an in part. The family of children staying behind teachs these countries and school education is existing sometimes double lack, especially holiday education, can saying sometimes is education of the type that put a sheep. The school thinks the holiday belongs to a family to teach time, and parents of children staying behind thinks the child learns at ordinary times very painstaking, play play to also be indifferent to, oneself are very busy also, also be too busy to take care of, laissez-faire. Such, often can appear education is become for nothing, make the child's moral character, safety and study are in unbalance condition, often appear phenomenon of the demote below result of moral character coast, study. The article studies holiday of rural children staying behind teachs scotoma phenomenon, offer relevant proposal.

One, the account that holiday of occurrence country children staying behind teachs scotoma

Observe discovery through old education, holiday of occurrence country children staying behind teachs the account of scotoma, basically have the following kinds.

(1) domestic education and school education means are widely divergent sometimes. The parent of children staying behind is in a country for long to work for the most part, the social environment of their culture level, contact, actual economy condition and educational concept differ somewhat. In holiday, the parent is right the education of children staying behind is to put in a suitable place to breed type perhaps comes loose more raise pattern. Majority offers a care to dietary daily life of the child only, and pay no attention to possibly to the child's education without giving thought to, perhaps do not know how to start.

(2) mobile room of the child is not much, develop an activity hard. Because financing is difficult, some places provide the Children's Palace, library, activity room such as stadium house to the student hard. Accordingly, the student finds proper place to undertake study recreational activities hard in holiday.

(3) the school is taught sometimes beyond the reach of one's power. Busied after a semester, the holiday of a lot of teachers is put in mostly ego study and groom in. To staying behind the holiday of children is taught, school teacher often arranges 9 days before have a holiday, assign good holiday task first, after terming begins next, undertake checking appraise through comparison to exercise. Often be the student writes a month sometimes, the teacher writes " read " . In whole holiday, the holiday education of children staying behind can give only society and parent.

2, the strategy that settles holiday of rural children staying behind to teach scotoma

How to solve holiday of rural children staying behind to teach scotoma, does health of stimulative child body and mind develop? At this moment, domestic education should sing leading role, and want designedly to undertake.

(1) experience parents works the education of the life. Use the characteristic with long time of vacation of children staying behind, parents can let the place that the child works to oneself reunite, experience parents at ordinary times work the life, experience parents raises domestic hardship, OK also the work that ground of in one's power does a few housework to perhaps participate in parents. A pair of couples sell handicraft in Hainan, let when summer vacation far local him side that works to oneself in the child of Henan native place sells handicraft, it is the job that learns parents, 2 it is to comprehend actual society, 3 it is to pass earn one's own living to make pin money. Holiday return to school after the vacation, the teacher asks the experience of this student. This student says: Parents is too painstaking really, often outdoors, parents is basked in very blackly, a day from early busy to evening, also cannot make a few money. After, beautiful money must economical, and should learn hard. This kind of life experiences, it is to rely on those who cannot get to preach, comprehending is best education.

(2) the skill of interest sex grooms education. The interest that holiday can allow child him basis attends a few skill to groom class, learn a few skill. Parents should be paid attention to guide the child, tell the child to must have healthy interest and interest. Athletic sports hobby, can let a person have a healthy body, do not fall ill little perhaps; Song of word of poem of painting and calligraphy of musical instrument chess taxes an interest, can make life interest decorous, raise thought ethics training. For instance, some parents let the child attend swim groom class, extend training summer camp, piano to groom class, art grooms class, it is very good choice.

(3) undertake kissing child read an activity. Can ask the book list that teachs division draw up health of a few good body and mind, undertake kissing together with the child next child read, mutual communication reads a result. Such, it is OK rear the child read interest, 2 it is OK rise jointly together with the child. Read a book together, it is promotional parents and child emotive the most important step, also be the tweak that builds book sweet family, compose to build study family. A little classic famous work can be put on the bookshelf, guide the child to often be read. For instance " on the west travel notes " " historical novel of the Three Kingdoms " " red Lou Meng " " Shui Hu is passed " " face Hua Xishi " " camel auspicious child " " Gelifo travel notes " " childhood " " iron and steel is how refine becomes " " celebrity.

(4) close nature and walk into college town. Besides read 10 thousand books, still have a best educational idea, go namely 10 thousand lis of roads. Walk into nature, let the child increase experience in the journey, experience local customs, experience different life. Still have a tweak, walk into college town namely, let the child observe the place that the undergraduate lives and learns ahead of schedule, let child early produce the yearning feeling to the university, make a determined effort the figure is strong, effort study.

(5) the society develops a few commonweal activities that are aimed at rural children staying behind more about the branch. For instance, the activity of culture go to the countryside of a lot of branches can deliver a country in summer vacation; The summer camp activity that urban student develops, also should begin in the country with right kind; Let two pairs of knot of urban and rural child, go each other, have a look. The government ought to be organized actively with lead, make more societies enthusiastic the personage participates in these countries to stay behind the holiday education of children. 3, last word anyhow, holiday is parents the gold period of time that to staying behind children has educational, ten million cannot be ignored. Whole society should care the education of children staying behind, especially holiday education. Parents is not at ordinary times beside, at ordinary times education is to be short of break, cannot lose optimal node of education again in holiday, must have education in a planned way, purposefully. Best education is company child, grow jointly with the child, the aspirations of listen respectfully child, let him child experience, go experiencing.