文化散文是一种以文字表达的独特形式,通过对人文、社会、历史等方面的思考和观察,探讨文化现象和文化价值。
它不拘泥于形式,可以描绘人间百态,传递深刻的思想和情感。文化散文旨在引发读者的共鸣和思考,帮助人们更加了解和珍惜自己的文化,促进文化的传承和发展。
通过独特的视角和深入的探索,文化散文能够激发人们对文化的热爱和思考,传递智慧和美感,使读者深入了解和感受文化的魅力。
余秋雨以历史文化散文而名世。他凭借自己丰厚的文史知识功底,优美的文辞,引领读者泛舟于千年文明长河之中。
首部散文集《文化苦旅》依仗着作者渊博的文学和史学功底,丰厚的文化感悟力和艺术表现力所写下的这些文章,不但揭示了中国文化巨大的内涵,而且也为当代散文领域提供了崭新的范例。
余秋雨的艺术理论著作,也备受学术界重视和尊崇。例如他在1983年出版《戏剧理论史稿》,此书是中国大陆首部完整阐释世界各国自远古到现代的文化发展和戏剧思想的史论著作,在出版后次年,即获北京全国首届戏剧理论著作奖,十年后获北京文化部全国优秀教材一等奖;而另一本于1985年发表中国大陆首部戏剧美学著作-《戏剧审美心理学》,次年亦荣获上海市哲学社会科学著作奖。其学术成就可见一二。有评论家誉之为:左手写散文,不流之于浅薄;右手撰述艺术理论,也不失其丰赡高深。
答:文化散文作为一股文学思潮形成并逐渐成熟于80年代后期至90年代初期,是90年代“散文热”中最重要的表现领域。文化散文主要是指创作主体写作时采用一种文化视角,“以二十世纪人文科学和艺术哲学的最新成果为观察工具,避免先贤们的偏颇,文化批判鞭辟入里”,使散文写作“攀上了一个新的思想高度和深度”。代表作家及作品有余秋雨的《文化苦旅》、史铁生的《我与地坛》等。
余秋雨是中国当代最有影响力的散文学家之一,他开创了文化散文的先河,以一介文人的文化使命感,通过笔端优美的文字,追索、思考人类历史文化,反思社会发展对人文精神的冲击,感慨历史文化在发展中的失落,感悟生命情感的沧桑,呼唤文明的理性回归。
余秋雨的文学散文,已经不再是单纯一种的文学,它已经走向了文化的领域。
他的散文在当代的散文领域中不断得到拓宽,在审美形态方面得到不断的创造,在散文的河流中改变了它流动的方向,他的散文是从社会的角度出发,深刻的思考着人文的精神,寻找着意味中的世界,考察并构建起民族文化的人才,追求着现实的文学以及对历史的深刻反思,他的思想在不断地变化,他的作品在不断地创新,他的情感与智慧在不断地与文学作品融合在一起,才成就了具有历史性的文化散文。
另外,他的许多散文也深深地影响着一代的知识分子的文化,影响着当代人文的精神,他是历史与人民群众间的一座桥梁,把历史与人民紧密地联系在一起,通过他的作品可以把我国深沉的历史文化推向民间,并且推向全社会。
余华、苏同、周国平(《周国平哲思录》挺好的)、林清弦
学者散文又称为大散文,文化散文。
指在创作中注重文化含量。
往往取材于具有一定得历史文化内涵的自然景物和人文景观,或通过一些景物人事探究历史文化精神的散文。
“学者散文”的作者大都有较为丰富的学术修养,往往将学术知识和理性思考融入散文的表达之中。
他们也并不特别注重散文的文体“规范”,而将其视为专业研究之外的另一种自表达或关注现实的形式。
代表作家是:余秋雨、陈平原、朱学勤等。
特点:
“学者散文”在风格上大多较为节制,通常会以智性的幽默来平衡情感的因素。
学理知识的渗透,也使其具有特别的思想深度和情感厚度。
这些散文随笔与“杂文”的不同之处是,它更关注的往往不是“识”,而是“情”与“理”。
中国当代散文八大家
当代散文作家包括冰心、季羡林、张中行、金克木、秦牧、汪曾祺、余光中、余秋雨。
余秋雨的文化散文是当代文学中一个重要的组成部分,他的文化散文形成了“秋雨文化现象”。 余秋雨散文的文化魅力就在于:他在散文的传统模式上有了创新和发展,以大篇幅、大容量吞吐古今、驰骋万里,用抒情的笔法、进行理性思考和议论;他把对历史和文化的沉重反思,与对中国传统文人人格的强烈关注,借秀丽的山水风光为载体进行深刻的述评,凸显了山水胜迹背后的文化内涵,抒发了对历史与文化的独特感受。
另外“余氏两难结构 ”和散文创作中的“戏剧表现”,使他的散文具有了小说化的艺术形式,使文章增强了艺术感染力和艺术表现力。余秋雨对文化散文这一文体大胆的探索与尝试,为当代散文的发展开辟了新的艺术发展空间。
《伞下的侗寨》,主要描写了侗族的纯朴自然的歌谣、与自然交融的文明、古韵的鼓楼。在行文上,有着深厚的人文情怀和终极追问的'理性干预'",从文化视觉阐释了效法自然,源于自然,最终与自然浑然一体表现对象。因而,有人称余秋雨的《伞下的侗寨》为文化散文。
Culture essay is a kind of distinctive form that conveys with the character, the reflection through waiting for a respect to humanitarian, society, history and observation, discuss culture phenomenon and culture value.
It is liberal at the form, can depict the world 100 condition, deliver deep thought and affection. The resonance that culture essay aims to cause a reader and think, help the culture that people understands more and cherishs oneself, the inheritance of stimulative culture and development.
Pass distinctive perspective and thorough exploration, culture essay can arouse people to be mixed to the passion of culture think, deliver wisdom and aesthetic feeling, make a reader thorough understanding and the glamour that experience culture.
Yu Qiuyu with historical culture essay renown world. He depends on strength of his rich and generous literary history knowledge, beautiful diction, lead a reader to go boating at chiliad civilization in endless flow.
First essay collect " culture suffers from brigade " depend on is worn the author's broad and profound literature and historiography strength, rich and generous culture comprehends these articles that force and place of artistic expression strength write down, not only announced the connotation with Chinese tremendous culture, and also provided brand-new example for contemporary essay domain.
Artistic manage treatise of Yu Qiuyu is made, also suffer academia to take seriously fully with homage. For example he was published 1983 " Thespian theory history draft " , this book is chinese mainland each country of world of first complete illumination develops to modern culture from remote antiquity and of Thespian thought history consider work, after be being published second year, obtain first Thespian manage treatise of Beijing whole nation to make award namely, first prize of outstanding teaching material of whole nation of Beijing culture ministry is won after 10 years; And another published chinese mainland 1985 first Thespian and aesthetic composing - " Thespian and aesthetic psychology " , also had the honor to win reward of literature of science of Shanghai philosophy society second year. Its scholarship sees just a little. Have essayist praise for: Left hand writes an essay, the Yu Jian that does not flow is thin; The right hand is written narrate artistic theory, also do not break its abundant provide for is profound.
Answer: Culture essay is formed as thoughts of a literature and mature to come at 80 time later period gradually 90 time are prime, it is 90 time " the essay is hot " in the mainest expression field. Culture essay basically is to show when main body is composed, creation adopts perspective of a kind of culture, "It is observation tool with the newest achievement of 20 centuries the humanities and artistic philosophy, avoid wise men biased, culture is critically penetrated " , make the essay is composed " climbed a new thought height and deepness " . Masterpiece home and work are superabundant of Qiu Yu " culture suffers from brigade " , of Shi Tiesheng " I and ground altar " etc.
Yu Qiuyu is China the essay of the most influential now force learns one of homes, he initiated the beginning of culture essay, with the culture mission feeling of one interpose bookman, carry beautiful written language through the pen, recover, ponder over human history culture, review a society to develop the concussion of pair of humanitarian spirit, culture of deep feeling history is in developing lose, comprehend life affective vicissitudes of life, call civilized rational regression.
Literary essay of Yu Qiuyu, had been the literature that odd simple plants no longer, it had moved toward the domain of culture.
His essay gets widening ceaselessly in contemporary prosaic domain, ceaseless innovation receives in aesthetic configuration respect, the way that it flows was changed in prosaic river, his essay is the angle from the society sets out, deep reflection is worn humanitarian spirit, searching the world in imply, make an on-the-spot investigation and the person with ability that compose builds an ethical culture, the literature that going after reality and the profundity to the history think over, his thought is changing ceaselessly, his work is innovating ceaselessly, his affection and wisdom are in be together with literary work confluence ceaselessly, just accomplished have historic culture essay.
Additional, a lot of his essays also are affecting the culture of the intellectual of generation deeply, affecting contemporary and humanitarian spirit, he is a bridge between the history and people, contact the history and people cheek by jowl together, the work that carries him is OK promote our country's dark history culture to folk, and push to whole society.
Yu Hua, Su Tong, Zhou Guoping (" Pingzhesai records week country " quite good) , Lin Qingxian
Scholastic essay calls old essay again, culture essay.
Point to to culture content is paid attention to in be being created.
Often the natural scenery that draw materials gets historical culture connotation certainly at having and humanitarian landscape, or the essay that adopts drive of culture of history of dug of human affairs of a few scenery.
"Scholastic essay " the author has relatively rich science culture mostly, often think academic knowledge and reason the expression that blends in an essay in.
The style that they also not only not to pay attention to an essay " standard " , and the form that regards its as professional research to another kind besides is conveyed oneself or pay close attention to reality.
Masterpiece home is: Yu Qiuyu, old Campagna, Zhu Xueqin.
Characteristic:
"Scholastic essay " go up in the style mostly relatively abstemious, connect regular meeting to balance affective element with the humour of wisdom sex.
Learn the osmosis of manage knowledge, also make its have special thought deepness and affection ply.
These prosaic essay and " essay " different point is, it pays close attention to more often not be " knowledge " , however " affection " with " manage " .
Chinese contemporary essay 8 everybody
Contemporary essay author includes to put heart, Ji Xianlin, Zhang Zhonghang, Jinkemu, Qin Mu, Wang Cengqi, Yu Guangzhong, Yu Qiuyu on the ice.
Culture essay of Yu Qiuyu is a main component in contemporary literature, his culture essay was formed " Qiu Yuwen changes an appearance " . The culture glamour of Yu Qiuyu essay depends on: He had innovation and development on traditional pattern of the essay, take in and send out in large quantities with large space, high capacity Gu Jin, gallop 10 thousand lis, with lyric calligraphy or drawing, undertake reason thinks with comment; He of pair of histories and a culture heavy think over, with the intense attention of character of traditional to China bookman, borrow beautiful landscape scene to have deep review for carrier, highlighted the culture connotation of backside of landscape famous historical site, express experience to the history and culture distinctly.
Additional " structure of be in a dilemma of more than family name " in be being created with the essay " Thespian expression " , make his essay had the artistic form of novelize, make the article enhanced artistic appeal and artistic expression power. Yu Qiuyu is right culture essay the exploration with this one audacious style and attempt, the development open up that is contemporary essay new art develops a space.
" the Dong stockaded village below the umbrella " , main draw the drum-tower of the ballad of the honest nature of the Dong nationality, civilization that blends with nature, Gu Yun. On style or manner of writing, having deep humanitarian feelings and culminating the '" of ' reason interpose that examine minutely, from culture vision illuminate follow the example of nature, result from natural, behave an object finally with natural one integrated mass. Consequently, someone says Yu Qiuyu " the Dong stockaded village below the umbrella " for culture essay.