P(Program) 程序自动,即由相机根据当时情况自动决定使用何种光圈、快门速度组合。与程序自动曝光模式类似的有一个AUTO模式,那个也是由相机决定何种拍摄组合,区别在于AUTO同时也会控制是否启动闪光灯,而P模式不对闪光灯进行控制;
索尼DSC-P100是一款相机,产品尺寸为108*51.5*26.6毫米,重量约为约为149g,液晶显示屏为1.8英寸。P100内置索尼独创的真实影像处理器,可有效减少噪点并提供更清晰优质的图像,大幅提高相机反应速 度和电池使用时间。
P100还内置9种场景模式,便于用户根据不同拍摄条件迅速选择最佳设置。
机背带红点的拨杆拨到HD,表示进行高清视频拍摄;拨到HS表示此时拍视频为高速拍摄,能拍2--3分钟吧,回放时为慢动作。
说明带有摄像功能,一般标清是720P的,但高清也有720P的,往往单反机可以作为一部很好的摄像机来用。
比较好的例子就是佳能的5D MAX 2数码相机上HDMI大小分几个等级,并且各自的分辨率都是有同的:1080i:1080i格式,是标准数字电视显示模式,1125条垂直扫描线,1080条可见垂直扫描线,16:9,分辨率为1920×1080,隔行/60Hz,行频为33.75KHz。720p:720p格式,分辨率为1280×720p/60Hz,行频为45kHz576p:这分辨率是传统4比3电视上的,576表示垂直方向的分辨率是576,而水平分辨率一般为720。480p:480P格式,和逐行扫描DVD规格相同,行频为31.5kHz
M:全手动模式,也就是光圈大小和快门速度都要自己手动设定,一般给有经验的摄影师或者有手持测光仪的人用。
TV:是快门优先,就是自己先设定快门速度(如:1/50S),相机会自己根据拍摄场景选择光圈大小。
AV:是光圈优先,和上面相反,现手动设置光圈大小(如:4.0),相机再自动调整快门速度。
P:光圈和快门全部都有相机自动测光后得出,不需要手动设置,属于传说中的傻瓜模式,比较适合初学者使用。
数码相机的 M 模式就是手动模式,
P 模式叫程序曝光模式,有些相机没有 A(AUTO)模式,只有P模式,因此P模式也称为:程序自动模式。
有些人对它不太了解,在这里特别地讲解一下:我附了某厂相机的 P 模式的曲线,供理解时参考(实际上各公司的 P 模式曲线不一定相同):
在一定的EV值下,我们应该用多大的光圈,配以多少速度的快门呢?生产厂为初学者设计了一种程序,即不同的EV值下按一定的规律搭配快门与光圈,以求得到最佳的效果,这就是程序曝光。
变焦距对焦(构图)、光圈、快门速度,摄影就这三个基本因素。现代数码相机的程序自动曝光就是P、A、S。这些也都是从很多摄影家的经验中总结出来的,然后变成程序化的东西,制成了相机电脑程序。
P档:就是光圈与快门速度全部交给相机处理、自动选择,你光管构图即可。但如果转动拨盘,你可以使用不同的光圈与快门速度组合拍照。比如:第1选择是F8、1/100,向左转一下拨盘,就会变成F11、1/60秒,向右转一下拨盘,可能会变成F5、1/200秒等。光通量是一定的,但光圈与快门速度是不一样的,效果也就不一样。
A档:是光圈优先。为什么要先确定一个光圈?光圈越大,景深范围越小,背景就会虚化;光圈越小,景深范围越大,全景都会清楚。速度呢?不去管它,交给相机处理。比如拍夜景,我们可以选择一个极小的光圈,比如:F/22,然后将快门交给相机,可能是1/几秒到几分钟,把相机架到三角架上,按下快门,你就可以去喝茶了。再比如:在强光线下拍人物面部的局部特写,我们把光圈调到F/2.8,快门速度交给相机了,你看一下,这时的快门速度可能会达到1/8000秒。这是平常我们根本不会用到的速度。
S档:是快速优先。为什么要先确定一个速度?速度越快,越容易凝固运动的物体;速度越慢,越容易拍出运动物体的动感。比如:拍海浪或流水,先构图;然后计算一下水流通过画面的时间,我们可以用一倍或几倍于这个时间的快门速度拍摄,就可以拍出液态流动或雾化的效果。光圈呢?不去管它,交给相机处理,只要局部不过、欠曝即可。
其实,这些都是学习摄影过程中遇到的问题。对这些都熟悉之后,我们可能会只使用M档,手动控制光圈与快门速度,想要什么效果、就选择什么样的光圈与快门速度,你可能需要略欠或略过曝一点以表现主题,你可能需要一个不太合适的光圈与一个不太适合的快门速度,这些都是拍摄主题或照片的意境需要的。
A自动曝光,曝光参数不可调 P程序曝光,曝光参数可调,但根据你的调整自动适配对应的参数。
说白了都是自动动能P:光圈快门自动;A:光圈优先,自己设定光圈,快门机器自动测;S:快门优先,自己设定快门,光圈机器自动测;M:光圈、快门都自己设定。C:自定义档,按个人喜好定义。先看说明书,把A和S档熟悉什么场合下该用什么档,用多少光圈多少快门,自然就会玩M档了。
P(Program) program is voluntary, namely by camera basis the circumstance is decided speed of circle, shutter combines use He Chongguang automatically at that time. Have an AUTO pattern similarly with mode of program automatic exposure, that also is why the decision is planted by camera film combination, distinction depends on AUTO also can be being controlled at the same time whether to start flashlight, and P mode is incorrect flashlight undertakes controlling;
Suo Ni DSC-P100 is a camera, product measure is 108*51.5*26.6 millimeter, weight is 149g to make an appointment with about, liquid crystal shows screen is 1.8 inches. The true and video processor of original creation of Suo Ni of the buy inside P100, can reduce a confusion of voices effectively to nod and provide clearer and high grade picture, raise camera to react speed and batteries use time considerably.
P100 is returned inside buy mode of 9 kinds of setting, facilitating user films according to differring the condition chooses optimal setting quickly.
Batch of lever with machine bit redder suspenders dial HD, express to undertake high-definition video films; Dial HS to express to pat video to film for high speed right now, can pat 2- - 3 minutes, time when putting, be slow-motion.
The specification is contained photograph like the function, average bid Qing Dynasty is 720P, but high-definition also have 720P, often sheet is turned over machine is OK will use as a very good camera.
Better example is beautiful can of 5D MAX 2Size of the HDMI on digital camera assigns a grade, and respective resolution is have be the same as: 1080i: 1080i format, it is TV of criterion numeral word indication mode, 1125 perpendicular scanning beam, 1080 see perpendicular scanning beam, 16: 9, resolution is 1920 × 1080, lie between row / 60Hz, line frequency is 33.75KHz. 720p: 720p format, resolution is 1280 × 720p/60Hz, line frequency is 45kHz576p: This resolution is traditional 4 go up than 3 TV, the 576 resolution that represent perpendicular way are 576, and horizontal resolution is commonly 720. 480p: 480P format, with norms of progressive scanning DVD identical, line frequency is 31.5kHz
M: Complete hand uses pattern, namely aperture size and shutter speed want him hand to use set, commonly to the cameraman that has experience perhaps the person that holds the ceremony that measure light is used.
TV: It is shutter preferential, it is oneself first set shutter speed (be like: 1/50S) , photograph him opportunity the basis films setting chooses aperture size.
AV: It is aperture preferential, and above contrary, show a hand to use setting aperture measurement (be like: 4) , camera again self-correcting shutter speed.
P: After aperture and shutter have camera to measure light automatically entirely, reach, do not need a hand to move a setting, belong to the goofy mode in fokelore, suit abecedarian to use quite.
The M mode of digital camera is type of hand movable mould,
P mode calls program exposure mode, some camera do not have A (AUTO) mode, have P pattern only, because this P mode also calls: The program is voluntary mode.
Some people understand it not quite, explain particularly here: I added the curve of the P mode of some factory camera, the reference when offerring understanding (the P mode curve of each company is not actually certain identical) :
In certain EV the value falls, we should use how old aperture, the shutter with how many speed to match? The manufacturer designed a kind of program for abecedarian, the EV that differs namely presses certain regular collocation shutter and aperture below the value, in an attempt to gets first-rate result, this is program exposure.
Scorch is apart from right anxious (composition of a picture) , speed of aperture, shutter, photography with respect to these 3 main factors. The program automatic exposure of contemporary number camera is P, A, S. These also come out from the summary in the experience of a lot of photographers, turn a program into the thing that change next, made camera computer program.
P archives: It is aperture and shutter speed give entirely choose camera processing, automatically, you provide composition of a picture solely can. But if turn dial, you can use different aperture and shutter speed combination to take a picture. For instance: The 1st choice is F8, 1/100, towards the left turns dial, can turn F11, 1/60 into the second, turn right dial, may become second of F5, 1/200 to wait. Luminous flux is certain, but aperture and shutter speed are different, the effect is different also.
A archives: It is aperture preferential. Why should decide an aperture first? Aperture is bigger, scope of depth of field is less, setting is changed with respect to meeting empty; Aperture is smaller, range of depth of field is bigger, panoramic metropolis is clear. Where is speed? Do not go be in charge of it, give camera processing. Take night scene for instance, we can choose a dinky aperture, for instance: F/22, give shutter next camera, the likelihood is a few seconds of 1/ arrive a few minutes, wear camera to tripod, press shutter, you can drink tea. Again for instance: The character's facial local feature article or story is taken below strong light, we move aperture to F/2.8, shutter speed gives camera, you look, at this moment shutter speed may reach 1/8000 second. This is common the rate that we can use far from.
S archives: It is fast and preferential. Why should determine a rate first? Rate is rapidder, jump over the object of easy and caky motion; Rate is slower, jump over what pat a mobile easily to move feeling. For instance: Take ocean wave or running water, first composition of a picture; Calculate next the time that current passes a picture, we can be used one times or film at the shutter speed of this time severalfold, with respect to the effect that can take liquid state flow or pulverization. Where is aperture? Do not go be in charge of it, give camera processing, as long as local nevertheless, owe expose to the sun can.
Actually, these are the problems that in learning photography process, encounter. After be familiar with these, we may use M file only, the hand uses control aperture and shutter rate, want what result, choose what kind of aperture and shutter career, you may need to be owed slightly or skip over exposes to the sun a bit in order to behave a theme, you may need a not quite appropriate aperture and a shutter rate that suit not quite, these film the artistic conception of theme or photograph needs.
A automatic exposure, exposure parameter cannot move P program exposure, exposure parameter is adjustable, but the parameter that adjusts automatic comfortable conjugate to answer according to yours.
Spoken parts in an opera is automatic kinetic energyP: Aperture shutter is automatic; A: Aperture is preferential, him set aperture, shutter machine is measured automatically; S: Shutter is preferential, him set shutter, aperture machine is measured automatically; M: Aperture, shutter him set. C: Define archives oneself, press individual be fond of to define. See a manual first, be familiar with A and S archives what file should be used below what circumstance, with how many aperture how many shutter, can play M archives naturally.