家庭教育的内容和方法？英文双语对照

1、给孩子随性玩耍的时间，不要把生活安排得太有规则

　　所有的孩子都需要有一些随性玩耍的时间。

　　美国儿童教育学者汤姆斯。阿姆斯壮认为，自由玩耍比有计划性的活动，对学龄前的孩子来说更为健康有益。父母要避免将孩子的时间塞满各种活动。所有的孩子都需要有一些随性玩耍的时间。

　　2、教导孩子关心别人

　　即使很小的孩子都能从帮助他人的过程中，获得快乐，并养成喜欢助人的习惯。

　　快乐的孩子需要能感受到自己与别人有某些有意义的连结，了解到他对别人的意义。要发展这种感觉，可以帮助孩子多与他人接触。你可以和孩子一起整理一些旧玩具，和他一起捐给慈善团体，帮助无家可归的孩子。也可以鼓励孩子在学校参与一些义工活动。专家指出，即使在很小的年龄，都能从帮助他人的过程中，获得快乐，并养成喜欢助人的习惯。

　　3、鼓励孩子多运动

　　运动让孩子喜欢自己，并从中发现乐趣与成就感。

　　陪你的孩子玩球、骑脚踏车、游泳……多运动不但可以锻炼孩子的体能，也会让他变得更开朗。保持动态生活可以适度纾解孩子的压力与情绪，并且让孩子喜欢自己，拥有较正面的身体形象，并从运动中发现乐趣与成就感。

　　4、笑口常开

　　开怀大笑就是很好的运动。

　　常和孩子说说笑话、一起编些好笑的歌，和你的孩子一起开怀大笑，对你和孩子都有益处。光是大笑，就是很好的运动。

　　5、有创意的赞美

　　当孩子表现很好时，不要只是说：“很好。”赞美要具体一些，说出细节，指出有哪些地方让人印象深刻，或是比上次表现更好，例如，“你今天主动跟警卫伯伯说早安，真的很有礼貌。”不过，赞美时也要注意，不要养成孩子错误的期待。有些父母会用礼物或金钱奖赏孩子，让孩子把重点都放在可以获得哪些报酬上，而不是良好的行为上。父母应该让孩子自己发现，完成一件事情所带来的满足与成就感，而不是用物质报酬来奖赏他。

　　6、确保孩子吃得健康

　　健康的饮食让孩子身体健康、情绪稳定。

　　健康的饮食，不仅让孩子身体健康，也能让孩子的情绪较稳定。不论是正餐或点心，尽量遵循健康原则，例如：低脂、低糖、新鲜、均衡的饮食。

　　7、激发孩子内在的艺术天份

　　多让孩子接触音乐、美术、舞蹈等活动，可以丰富孩子的内心世界。

　　虽然科学家已证实没有所谓的“莫札特效应”，但是多让孩子接触音乐、美术、舞蹈等活动，依然可以丰富孩子的内心世界。专家发现，当孩子随音乐舞动、或是拿着画笔涂鸦，其实都是孩子抒发他内心世界、表达情感的方法。孩子喜欢画画、跳舞或弹奏音乐，也会对自己感到比较满意。

　　8、常常拥抱

　　温柔的抚触拥抱，可以减轻压力，抚平不安的情绪。

　　轻轻一个拥抱，传达的是无限的关怀，是无声的“我爱你”。研究发现，温柔的抚触拥抱，可以让早产儿变得较健康、较活泼，情绪也较稳定。对于大人而言，拥抱也能让人减轻压力，抚平不安的情绪。

　　9、用心聆听

　　用心聆听，会让孩子感受到被关心。

　　没有什么比用心聆听更能让孩子感受到被关心。想要当个更好的倾听者吗？不要只用一只耳朵听，当孩子对你说话时，尽量停下你手边正在做的事情，专心听他讲话。要耐心听孩子说完话，不要中途打断、急着帮他表达或是要他快快把话说完，即使他所说的内容你已经听过许多遍了。陪孩子去上学途中或哄孩子上床睡觉时，是最佳的倾听时刻。

　　10、放弃完美主义

　　父母要学会放手让孩子去做一些事情。

　　我们都期望孩子展现出他最好的一面，可是有时候太过急切纠正或改善他们的表现。例如，嫌弃他们没把桌子擦干净，干脆自己再擦一遍；或是纠正他们一定要把东西摆到一定位置。事事要求完美，会减弱孩子的自信心与不怕犯错的勇气。下次当你忍不住想要参一脚，急着帮孩子把事情做的更好时，不妨先想想看：“这件事跟健康或安全有关吗？”“想像10年之后，这件事还有这么严重吗？”如果不是就放手让孩子去做吧。

　　11、教导孩子解决问题

　　孩子的每一个进步都是孩子迈向更独立的里程碑。

　　从学会系鞋带到自己过马路，每一步都是孩子迈向更独立的里程碑。当孩子发现他有能力解决面对的问题，就能带给他们快乐与成就感。当他遇到阻碍时，例如：被玩伴嘲笑或是无法拼好一块拼图时，你可有几个步骤来帮助他：

　　（1）搞清楚他的问题。

　　（2）鼓励他自己描述他的解决方式。

　　（3）帮助他找出解决问题的步骤。

　　（4）决定让他自己解决这个问题或提供一些帮助。

　　（5）确定他能获得需要的协助。

　　12、给孩子表演的舞台

　　当你能欣赏孩子的才能，并表现出你的热情时，孩子自然会更有自信心。

　　每个孩子都有特有的天赋，何不给他们机会表现一下？如果他们喜欢说故事，鼓励他多说故事给你听。如果他对数字很擅长，带着他去逛街，让他帮你挑选价格便宜的东西。当你能欣赏孩子的才能，并表现出你的热情时，孩子自然会更有自信心。

　　我们身边的孩子所需要的，不只是衣食无虑的生活环境，他们需要大人陪伴他们去“经历”他们的成长过程。

1, the time that lets sexual amuse oneself to the child, do not plan the life too regularly

All children need to a few let the time of sexual amuse oneself.

American paedeutics person Shangmusi. A Mu Si Zhuang thinks, free amuse oneself compares the activity of sex of in a planned way, more healthy to the child before school age beneficial. Parents should avoid the time the child crowded all sorts of activities. All children need to a few let the time of sexual amuse oneself.

2, teach the child to care others

Although very small child can in the process from help other, obtain joy, and the habit that nurturance likes to help a person.

Happy child need can experience oneself and others to have certain connect significantly, understand his significance to others. Want to develop this kind of sense, can help the child be contacted with other more. You can arrange a few old toys together with the child, contribute charity together with him, help homeless child. Also can encourage the child to participate in activity of a few justice industry in the school. The expert points out, although be in very small age, can in the process from help other, obtain joy, and the habit that nurturance likes to help a person.

3, encourage the child to move more

Motion lets the child like his, discover fun and achievement feel from which.

The child that accompanies you plays ball, cyclist, swim... much exercise not only the physical ability that can exercise the child, also can let him become more optimistic. It is OK to maintain dynamic life the pressure of child of measurable Shu solution and mood, and let the child like oneself, have the body figure of calibration face, discover from inside motion fun and achievement feel.

4, laugh at a mouth to often leave

Yock of to one's heart's content is very good motion.

Often say break a jest with the child, write some of funny song together, with your child one step aside conceives a yock, have profit to you and child. Light is a yock, it is very good motion.

5, original praises

When child expression is very good, just do not say: "Very good. " praise should a few more specific, speak detail, point out what place makes a person impressive, or it is better than be being behaved last, for example, "You say good morning actively today with guard uncle, very polite really. " nevertheless, when praising, also want to notice, do not want nurturance child to expect wrongly. Some parents can use gift or monetary award child, let the child put the emphasis in can obtain what pay to go up, is not good deed go up. Parents should let him child discover, finish the satisfaction that place of a thing brings and achievement feeling, is not to use corporeal pay to come award he.

6, ensure the child has healthily

Healthy diet lets healthy, mood stabilizes the child.

Healthy diet, make the child healthy not only, the mood that also can let the child is stabler. It is prandial no matter or mug-up, follow healthy principle as far as possible, for example: Low fat, low candy, fresh, balanced diet.

7, arouse the child's immanent artistic sky share

Let the child contact the activity such as music, art, dancing more, can abound inner world of the child.

Although the scientist already confirmed what did not call somewhat " Mozart effect " , but let the child contact the activity such as music, art, dancing more, still can abound inner world of the child. Expert discovery, wave along with music when the child, or it is to taking paintbrush doodle, it is child express actually method of affective of his heart world, expression. The child likes to paint a picture, dance or spiccato music, also can feel more satisfactory to oneself.

8, often embrace

Stroke softly touch a hug, can ease pressure, stroke the mood of smooth uneasiness.

Gently a hug, those who communicate is infinite consideration, it is breathed " I love you " . Consider to discover, stroke softly touch a hug, can let premature become more healthy, more lively, the mood is stabler also. To adult, the hug also can let a person ease pressure, stroke the mood of smooth uneasiness.

9, intention listen respectfully

With heart listen respectfully, can let child sense be cared.

Without what comparing intention listen respectfully can let child sense be cared more. Want to become a better bend auditor? Do not listen with an ear only, when the child talks to you, stop as far as possible the business that your at hand is doing, absorption listen to him to speak. Want to listen to the child to say a word patiently, do not want midway to interrupt, rapid move helps him convey or be to want him to say the word quickly, although what he says you had listened to content a lot of alling over. Accompany when the child goes going to school in road or fooling the child to go to bed, it is first-rate listens hour.

10, abandon perfect principle

Parents should learn to let go let the child do a few businesses.

We expect the child shows his best one side, but occasionally too the performance that be corrected agog too or improves them. For example, cold-shoulder them to do not have a table wipe up, flat oneself are brushed again; Or it is to correct them to must place the thing to proper place. Requirement of at every turn is perfect, the self-confident heart of can abate child and do not be afraid of the courage that err. Cannot help wanting to join one foot when you next time, when what urgent side child does the business is better, might as well think first: "Is this thing follows health or safety concerned? " " after envisaging 10 years, does this thing still have so serious? " if not be,let go let the child do.

11, teach the child to solve a problem

Each progress of the child is the child marchs toward more independent milepost.

From the society department bootlace crosses a street to oneself, each pace is the child marchs toward more independent milepost. Discover when the child he is capable to solve faced problem, can bring them joy and achievement sense. When he encounters obstacle, for example: Be mocked by playmate or be when cannot going all out to spell a plan together, you can have a few measure to help him:

(1) get the problem that understands him.

(2) encourage what he himself describes him to settle way.

(3) help him find out the measure that solves a problem.

(4) the decision lets him he solves this problem or provide a few helps.

(5) the assistance that decides he can obtain need.

12, the arena that performs to the child

Become you to be able to enjoy the child's gift, when the enthusiasm that shows you, child nature can have self-confident heart more.

Every child has peculiar talent, why to give them opportunity performance? If they like narrate, encourage him much narrate listens to you. If he is right number very be good at, taking him to go shopping, let him help you pick low-cost thing. Become you to be able to enjoy the child's gift, when the enthusiasm that shows you, child nature can have self-confident heart more.

The child place beside us needs, it is surroundings of secure of back and belly not merely, they need adult to accompany them to go " experience " their growing process.