学问是什么?如何做学问？英文双语对照

学问是什么?

所谓学问，即便是自己的专业。如果仅在一个非常狭窄的范围内学习，学业不可能深入下去，专业外的知识会以各种形式与专业领域联系在一起。越是拼命学习那些与自己从事的专业有距离的知识，对自己今后从事的创造性工作就越有重要的意义，因为学过的东西在什么时候以什么形式发挥作用是难以预料的，如果把知识比作植物的话，各种知识的地下茎会在意想不到的地方相互连接起来

如何做学问？

做学问就是又学又问。清代文学家刘开说：“君子之学必好问，问与学相辅而行者也”。

刘开还说：“非问无以广识，好学而不勤问，非真正好学者也”。

教育家陶行知指出：“做学问就是要学要问。光学不问，只做到一半，光问不学，也只是一半。又学又问，才是完整的学问”。

著名词学家夏承焘认为，“学问”本来就包含“学”和“问”两个方面。有许多人只知道“学”而不知道“问”。别人10年、20年苦心研究才得来的东西，能问者也许一个晚上即可得之。这是多么有益的事情。

勤读书，还要会读书。做学问讲求方式方法。那么，如何读书？如何学又如何问？

一、先思索，不通而后问

不要一遇到不懂不会的东西，就马上去问别人，自己不动脑子，专门依赖别人，而是要先自己认真地思考一下，这样就可以依靠自己的努力，克服其中某些困难。

数学家陈景润说：“对经过很大努力仍不能解决的问题，再虚心请教别人，这样往往有更大的帮助和锻炼”。

好问，必须以多思为前提。书要自己看，问题要自己思考，科目要自己钻研。实在弄不懂，再去问别人，这样才能印象深刻，把知识彻底掌握。

做学问需要平心静气，倘若心浮气躁，稍有所困便问东问西，久而久之反而使自己流于浅尝浮慕。

自学者难得有人辅导，一旦有机会总会想多问几个问题。最好是请教时不要把问题问“透“，就像迷路时不要闭着眼睛让人牵着走，而是问个方向自己走一样，请人在关键地方点拨一下，然后自己去思考，这样费力一些，但收获会大得多。

二、要谦虚，不耻下问

孔夫子说：“敏而好学，不耻下问“。

古人云：“耻不知而不问，终于不知而已；以为不知而必求之，终能知之矣”。

刘开说：“理无专在，学无止境也。是故贵可以问贱，贤可以问不肖；而老可以问幼，惟道之所成而已矣”。

问谁？除了问那些学问比自己高的“内行人”以外，也应该问那些学问比自己低的“外行人”，处处请教皆学问。

华罗庚说过：“自学并非关门自学，要有不耻下问的精神，不懂就是不懂，要虚心向懂的人请教。

刘向说：“君子不羞学，不羞问，闻讯者知之本”。不懂就问，不掉身份。不懂装懂，自欺欺人。

What is knowledge?

Alleged knowledge, even if is his major. If be only inside a very narrow range,learn, school work goes down impossibly deep, the knowledge outside major is met with multiform contact together with professional domain. The major that learns those and oneself to be engaged in desperately the more has the knowledge of the distance, the creativity job that will pursue henceforth to oneself has important sense more, because learn the thing that pass,producing effect with what form when expect hard, if the word plant of intellectual assimilate to, the place that the subterranean bine of all sorts of knowledge can be less than in expect joins each other rise

How to become knowledge?

Do knowledge to learn to ask again again namely. Qing Daiwen learns a Liu Kai to say: "Of gentleman learn to had needed ask, ask with the person that learn coordinate also " .

Liu Kai still says: "Blame ask without with extensive knowledge, ask academic and not frequently, the person that be not true just enough to learn also " .

Educationist contented knows to point out all right: "Do knowledge to want to learn to want to ask namely. Optics pays no attention to, accomplish a half only, light asks not to learn, also be a half only. Learn to ask again again, just be complete knowledge " .

Famous speech learns a Xia Chengdao to think, "Knowledge " include originally " learn " and " ask " two respects. A lot of people know only " learn " and do not know " ask " . Others 10 years, the thing that 20 years pains studies to just must come, the person that can ask perhaps can get night. This is how good thing.

Diligent read, can read even. Become means of means of knowledge be particular about. So, how to read? How to learn to ask again?

One, ponder first, be illogical ask after that

Do not encounter do not understand won't thing, ask others immediately, oneself do not change mind, depend on others technically, want however first oneself think seriously, try hard with respect to what can rely on oneself so, overcome among them certain difficulty.

Mathematician Chen Jingrun says: "Very great to the course effort still insoluble problem, again modest consult others, often have so greater help and take exercise " .

Good ask, must be premise with be being thought of more. The book wants him to look, the problem wants him to think, course wants him to study. Honest lane does not understand, go asking others again, such ability are impressive, master knowledge thoroughly.

Do knowledge to need calmly, if impatient enrages impetuous, ask all sorts of questions tiredly somewhat a bit, as time passes makes he sheds Yu Jian to taste float admire instead.

Autodidact is god-given somebody coachs, once have an opportunity,total meeting wants ask a few questions more. Had better be when consulting, do not ask the question " fully " , there is not an eye to let a person be being pulled when resembling getting lost go, like asking a direction he goes however, ask a person to be taught in crucial place, next oneself go thinking, so a few more arduous, but results can be gotten greatly much.

2, want modesty, feel not ashamed to learn from one's subordinates

Aperture master says: "Quick and academic, feel not ashamed to learn from one's subordinates " .

The ancients cloud: "Shame does not know and pay no attention to, do not know eventually just; Think not to know and beg surely, can know eventually " .

Liu Kai says: "Manage is not had be in only, knowledge is infinite also. Hereat is expensive can ask cheap, virtuous can ask unworthy; And often can ask young, the place that buts is become just " .

Who to ask? Besides what ask those knowledge is taller than oneself " adept person " beyond, also should ask those knowledge is lower than oneself " dilettante person " , consult everywhere all knowledge.

Hua Luogeng has said: "Self-study is not close self-study, want to have the mind of feel not ashamed to learn from one's subordinates, do not understand even if do not understand, should modest consult to the person that know.

Liu Xiang says: "Gentleman not be ashamed learns, not be ashamed asks, the person that hear the news knows this " . Do not understand to ask, do not drop the identity. Do not understand outfit understand, deceive oneself as well as others.