2021我国重大科技成果？英文双语对照

2020注定是不平凡的一年，在这一年里，我国科技取得的成绩让全世界侧目。2020年中国十大科技成果。

1.嫦娥五号

2020年12月17日凌晨1时59分，嫦娥五号返回器携带月球样品成功着陆，任务获得圆满成功。嫦娥五号任务作为我国复杂度最高、技术跨度最大的航天系统工程，创造了五项中国首次，一是在地外天体的采样与封装，二是地外天体上的点火起飞、精准入轨，三是月球轨道无人交会对接和样品转移，四是携带月球样品以近第二宇宙速度再入返回，五是建立我国月球样品的存储、分析和研究系统。此次任务的成功实施，是我国航天事业发展中里程碑式的新跨越，标志着我国具备了地月往返能力，实现了"绕、落、回”三步走规划完美收官，为我国未来月球与行星探测奠定了坚实基础。

2.九章量子计算机

2020年12月4日，中国成为全世界第二个拥有量子计算机的国家，该量子计算机的名字为九章，并且比美国谷歌的悬铃木要快100亿倍。中国成为全世界第二个拥有量子计算机的国家，该量子计算机的名字为九章，并且比美国谷歌的悬铃木要快100亿倍。

3.新一代“人造太阳”

2020 年 12 月 4 日，中国环流器二号 M 装置(HL-2M)在成都正式建成，并实现了首次放电。HL-2M 是中国目前规模最大、参数最高的先进托卡马克装置。它的建成，标志着中国掌握了大型先进托卡马克装置的设计、建造和运行技术，为中国核聚变堆的自主设计和建造，打下了坚实的基础。由于核聚变原理和太阳发光发热原理相似，因此像 HL-2M 这样的托卡马克装置，被称之为“人造太阳”。

托卡马克是俄语“磁线圈环形真空室”的缩写，最早由苏联科学家在 20 世纪 50 年代提出。本质上，托卡马克是一个由封闭磁场组成的"容器”，形状就像一个放倒的轮胎。它被发明出来，是为了容纳温度极高的核聚变反应。

4.华龙一号

2020年11月27日，华龙一号全球首堆——中核集团福清核电5号机组首次并网成功。2021年1月30日，全球第一台“华龙一号”核电机组——中核集团福建福清核电5号机组投入商业运行。华龙一号全球首堆并网成功，我国打破国外核电技术垄断，是中国核电走向世界的“国家名片”，是中国核电创新发展的重大标志性成果。

5.“奋斗者”号

2020年6月19日，中国万米载人潜水器正式命名为奋斗者号。2020年11月10日8时12分，奋斗者号在马里亚纳海沟成功坐底，坐底深度10909米，刷新中国载人深潜的新纪录。2021年3月16日，“奋斗者”号全海深载人潜水器在三亚正式交付 。

6.中国“天眼”

被誉为“中国天眼”的500米口径球面射电望远镜(FAST)坐落在贵州省黔南布依族苗族自治州平塘县大窝凼洼地，探寻百亿光年之外的射电信号。自2020年1月对国内开放运行以来，借助全新的设计思路、得天独厚的位置以及突破了天文望远镜百米工程的极限，“中国天眼”迄今已发现300余颗脉冲星，并在快速射电暴等研究领域取得重大突破。

2021年起面向全世界开放，“中国天眼”将成为“世界巨眼”。该装置是目前世界上最大、最灵敏的单口径射电望远镜，它的观测能力是德国波恩100米望远镜的10倍，是美国阿雷西博300米望远镜的2.25倍。

7.北斗三号

北斗三号全球卫星导航系统，由24颗中圆地球轨道卫星、3颗地球静止轨道卫星和3颗倾斜地球同步轨道卫星，共30颗卫星组成。

2020年6月23日，北斗三号最后一颗全球组网卫星在西昌卫星发射中心点火升空，北斗三号全球系统核心星座部署完成，打破了美国定位系统GPS的垄断。北斗三号卫星导航系统提供两种服务方式，即开放服务和授权服务。开放服务是在服务区中免费提供定位、测速和授时服务，定位精度为10米，授时精度为50纳秒，测速精度0.2米/秒。授权服务是向授权用户提供更安全的定位、测速、授时和通信服务以及系统完好性信息。

8.南昌舰

南昌舰是中国吨位最大的驱逐舰，首艘万吨级驱逐舰，于2020年1月12日，南昌舰正式入列服役。

南昌舰是中国自主研制的055型驱逐舰首舰。055型驱逐舰首舰被命名为南昌号，舷号101，体现中国海军的重视。在中国舰艇序列中，舷号101有特殊意义，其曾是新中国海军驱逐舰部队的首舰、旗舰--鞍山号驱逐舰的舷号。跨越半个世纪后，055型驱逐舰首舰重新启用101舷号，并用革命圣地南昌命名，表明该舰是中国海军所有驱逐舰中的“领舰”。

9.大型水陆两栖飞机“鲲龙”AG600海上首飞成功

2020年7月26日，中国自主研制的大型水陆两栖飞机“鲲龙”AG600在山东青岛团岛海域成功实现海上首飞。“鲲龙”AG600是我国研制的可用于森林灭火和水上救援的大型水陆两栖飞机，具有速度快、机动性好、搜索范围广、搜索效率高、安全性好、装载量大等特点。“鲲龙”AG600与我国运—20大型运输机、C919大型喷气式客机一起，被称为中国大飞机“三剑客”。

10.长征八号运载火箭首飞试验成功

2020年12月22日，我国自主研制的新型中型运载火箭长征八号首次飞行试验，在中国文昌航天发射场顺利实施，火箭飞行正常，试验取得圆满成功。长征八号运载火箭充分继承长征五号、长征七号运载火箭技术成果，采用无毒无污染推进剂。长征八号运载火箭填补了我国太阳同步轨道3吨至4.5吨运载能力空白，对加速推进运载火箭升级换代具有重要意义，将与长征五号、长征六号、长征七号等无毒无污染运载火箭，构成运载能力大、中、小布局合理的新一代运载火箭型谱。

2020 one year be destined is rough every, in this year, the result that our country science and technology obtains lets whole world sidelong glance. 2020 achievement of 10 old science and technology.

1. goddess in the moon 5

On December 17, 2020 before dawn 1 when 59 minutes, goddess in the moon is returned 5 numbers implement carry moon sample to land successfully, the task obtains consummation. 5 tasks regard goddess in the moon as our country complex the spaceflight system project with the biggest span of degree of highest, technology, created 5 China first, it is to be outside the ground spherical sampling and enclose, 2 it is the ignition on the celestial bodies outside the ground takes off, course of admittance of essence of life, 3 it is moon orbit nobody make meeting butt joint and sample move, 4 it is to carry moon sample up to reentry of the 2nd cosmic is returned, 5 it is the memory that builds sample of our country moon, analysis and research system. This the success of the task is carried out, it is the milepost in progress of career of our country spaceflight of type new span, the mark is worn our country had ground month to go back and forth between ability, realized " to circle, fall, time " 3 paces take a program perfect receive an official, explore for moon of our country future and planet laid solid foundation.

9 chapters of 2. quanta computer

On December 4, 2020, china becomes the state that the whole world has quanta computer the 2nd times, the name of this quanta computer is 9 chapters, and compare the plane tree of American cereal song want 10 billion times faster. China becomes the state that the whole world has quanta computer the 2nd times, the name of this quanta computer is 9 chapters, and compare the plane tree of American cereal song want 10 billion times faster.

3. new generation " man-made sun "

On December 4, 2020, china is circumfluent implement 2 M device (HL-2M) builds formally in Chengdu, came true to discharge first. HL-2M is China scale is the at present largest, the device of the advanced mark that hold card in the palm with highest parameter. Its building, the mark is worn the design that China mastered device of the large and advanced mark that hold card in the palm, build and run a skill, be designed independently for what Chinese nuclear fusion piles and build, laid solid foundation. Because nuclear fusion principle and sun glow are calorific the principle is similar, because this resembles HL-2M device of such the mark that hold card in the palm, be weighed for " man-made sun " .

The mark that hold card in the palm is Russian " room of vacuum of form of magnetism line quoit " abbreviate, be in the earliest by Russia scientist 50 time put forward 20 centuries. Substantially, the mark that hold card in the palm is by close the " container that magnetic field comprises " , appearance resembles a laid tire. It is come out by the invention, it is to accommodate the nuclear fusion reaction with extremely high temperature.

4. Hua Long one

On November 27, 2020, a global head piles Hua Long -- in report of clear nucleus of nuclear group blessing 5 aircrew first and the net is successful. On January 30, 2021, the whole world the first " Hua Long " group of nuclear electric machinery -- in business of 5 unit investment runs report of clear nucleus of blessing of nuclear group Fujian. A global head piles Hua Long and the net succeeds, our country breaks monopoly of technology of foreign nucleus cable, be world of strike of Chinese nucleus phone " national calling card " , the achievement of great symbol sex that is development of innovation of Chinese nucleus report.

5. " the person that struggle " date

On June 19, 2020, 10 thousand meters of manned submersible of Chinese name formally it is date of the person that struggle. On November 10, 2020 8 when 12 minutes, date of the person that struggle sits successfully in trench of Ma Liya accept bottom, sit bottom deepness 10909 meters, refresh China holds the new record that the person goes greatly. On March 16, 2021, "The person that struggle " deep manned submersible of date total of great capacity is in 3 inferior formal consign.

6. China " weather eye "

Be known as " Chinese weather eye " 500 meters of caliber are spherical radio telescope (FAST) is located in autonomous prefecture of Miao Zu of the Bouyei nationality austral Guizhou Province Guizhou to make the same score flat of broods of pond county is large Dang, seek the radio signal besides one billion four hundred and ten million and sixty-five thousand four hundred and eight light-year. Open to home from January 2020 since moving, the position with brand-new design train of thought, advantaged have the aid of and broke through astronomy binoculars the limit of 100 meters of projects, "Chinese weather eye " heretofore already discovered 300 Yu Ke pulsar, shooting quickly report is cruel wait for research domain to obtain major breakthrough.

The whole world is faced to open since 2021, "Chinese weather eye " will become " world gigantic look " . This device is the radio telescope of the the biggest, most acute only line of action on eye preexistence bound, its observation ability is German Bonn 10 times of 100 meters of binoculars, it is American A Lei Xibo 2.25 times of 300 meters of binoculars.

7. north fights 3

North fights navigation system of satellite of 3 whole worlds, by 24 in 3 satellite of round earth orbit, earths are dormant orbit satellite tilts with 3 satellite of earthly synchronism orbit, in all 30 satellites composition.

On June 23, 2020, north fights satellite of net of groups of 3 last whole world in Xi Changwei the star launchs a center ignition enters the space, north fights deploy of constellation of core of system of 3 whole worlds to finish, broke the monopoly of GPS of American location system. North fights 3 satellites navigation system to offer way of two kinds of services, open service and authorization service namely. Open service is free in serving an area offer fixed position, measure fast serve with time service, fixed position precision is 10 meters, time service precision is 50 accept second, measure fast precision 0.2 meters / second. Authorization service is to accredit the user offers safer fixed position, measure fast, time service and communication service and system are whole sexual information.

8. Nanchang naval vessel

Nanchang naval vessel is the chaser with Chinese the biggest tonnage, chaser of first 10 thousand tons of class, on January 12, 2020, nanchang naval vessel is formal take one's place in the ranks enlists in army.

Nanchang naval vessel is Chinese own development 055 model drive out bow naval vessel. 055 model drive out bow naval vessel name Nanchang date, board size 101, reflect Chinese naval to take seriously. In alignment of Chinese naval ships, 101 have shipboard number special significance, its ever were a naval vessel of army of new China naval chaser, admiral- - the board size of chaser of saddle hill date. Span after half century, 055 model drive out bow naval vessel enables 101 board size afresh, name with revolutionary bethel Nanchang, making clear this naval vessel is Chinese navy in all chaser " get ship " .

9. is large amphibious plane " dragon of enormous legendary fish " AG600 is maritime a flying success

On July 26, 2020, the large amphibious aircraft that China develops independently " dragon of enormous legendary fish " AG600 is in Shandong implementation of success of maritime space of Qingdao round island is maritime head fly. "Dragon of enormous legendary fish " the large amphibious plane that the usable Yu Senlin that AG600 is our country development comes to help on put out a fire and water, have rate fast, maneuverability limits of good, search efficiency of wide, search tall, security good, load is big wait for a characteristic. "Dragon of enormous legendary fish " AG600 and our country carry, plane of large jet-propelled of 20 large transport, C919 together, big airlines of the China that be called " 3 swordsman " .

10. long march 8 carrier rocket head flying test is successful

On December 22, 2020, the long march of new-style and medium-sized carrier rocket that our country prepares independently flies 8 numbers first experiment, in China civil prosperous spaceflight blasts off field is great carry out, rocket flight is normal, the experiment achieves complete success. Long march 8 carrier rocket accede adequately long march 5 date, long march achievement of technology of 7 carrier rocket, use avirulent free from contamination to advance an agent. Long march fill of 8 carrier rocket track of synchronism of our country sun comes 3 tons 4.5 tons of locomotive ability are blank, to advancing carrier rocket to upgrade quickly replacement has important sense, will with long march 5 date, long march 6 date, long march the carrier rocket of 7 avirulent free from contamination such as date, make the new generation carrier rocket with locomotive muscularity, can medium, small reasonable position music.