最终目标是
(1)有正常智力
智力正常是人正常生活最基本的心理条件,是心理健康的首要标准。因为智力是人们观察力、注意力、想象力、思维力和实践活动能力等的综合。
(2)成为情绪控制的主人
善于协调与控制情绪,心境良好,情绪安定,积极向上,没有不必要的紧张感和不安感。
(3)具有和谐的人际关系
个体的心理健康状况主要是在与他人的交往中表现出来的。和谐的人际关系是心理健 康不可少的条件,又是获得心理健康的重要途径。
其表现在:乐于与人交往,既有稳定而广泛的人际关系,又有知己的朋友;在交往中保持独立而完整的人格,有自知之明,不卑不亢;能客观评价别人,取人之长补己之短,宽以待人,友好相处,助人为乐:交往中积极态度多于消极态度。
(4)良好地适应和改造现实环境
经常不能有效处理与周围现实环境的关系,是导致心理障碍乃至心理疾病的重要原因。 对现实环境的能动适应和改造,是指有积极的处事态度,与社会广泛接触,对社会现状有较 清晰正确的认识,其心理行为能适应社会文化的进步趋势,勇于改造现实环境,从而达到自我实现与社会奉献的协调统一。
理论上的心理健康的最终目标是使人保持人格的完整性,培养健康人格
心理疾病是很普遍的,只不过存在着程度区别而已,而且现代文明的发展使人类愈发脱离其自然属性,污染、生活快节奏、紧张、信息量空前巨大、社会关系复杂、作息方式变化、消费取向差异、在公平的理念下不公平的事实拉大、溺爱等,都使心理疾病逐渐增多并恶化
心理疾病种类很多,表现各异
心理健康教育的总目标是:提高全体学生的心理素质,充分开发他们的潜能,培养学生乐观、向上的心理品质,促进学生人格的健全发展。
心理健康教育的具体目标是:使学生不断正确认识自我,增强调控自我、承受挫折、适应环境的能力;培养学生健全的人格和良好的个性心理品质;对少数有心理困扰或心理障碍的学生,给予科学有效的心理咨询和辅导,使他们尽快摆脱障碍,调节自我,提高心理健康水平,增强自我教育能力。
心理健康教育的主要任务是全面推进素质教育,增强学校德育工作的针对性、实效性和主动性,帮助学生树立在出现心理行为问题时的求助意识,促进学生形成健康的心理素质,维护学生的心理健康,减少和避免对他们心理健康的各种不利影响;培养身心健康,具有创新精神和实践能力,有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的一代新人。
按照“积极推进、实事求是、分区规划、分类指导”的工作原则,不同地区应根据本地实际,积极做好心理健康教育的工作。
--大中城市和经济发达地区,要普遍开展心理健康教育工作。教师要在具有较全面的心理学理论知识和进行心理辅导的专门技能以及提高自身良好的个性心理品质上有显著提高。
--有条件的城镇中小学和农村中小学,要从实际出发,有计划、有步骤地开展心理健康教育工作。要抓好心理健康教育骨干教师队伍建设,同时在总结经验的基础上加强区域性心理健康教育的整体推进工作。
--暂不具备条件的农村和边远地区,要从实际出发,制定出中小学地区性的心理健康教育的发展规划;重点抓好一批心理健康教育的试点学校,积极开展心理健康教育教师的培训工作;逐步推进心理健康教育工作。
素质教育目标是提高国民素质。
1、素质教育,是社会发展的实际需要,要达到让人正确面临和处理自身所处社会环境的一切事物和现象的目的。
2、素质教育,是以全面提高人的基本素质为根本目的,以尊重人的主体性和主动精神,以人为的性格为基础,注重开发人的智慧潜能,注重形成人的健全个性为根本特征的教育。
3、素质教育运行的保障机制,是指为素质教育运行提供必备的基条件。辩证唯物主义认为,一切具体事物的存在和发展都是有条件的,孤立的不需要任何条件的事物是不存在的。
4、全面发展教育或素质教育决不限于德育、智育、体育几个方面。20世纪80年代以来,结合我国的具体实际,强调了美育和劳动技术教育。
心理健康教育的主要内容包括:普及心理健康基本知识,树立心理健康意识,了解简单的心理调节方法,认识心理异常现象,及时自我调节心理变化,以及初步掌握心理保健常识,其重点是学会学习、人际交往、升学择业以及生活和社会适应等方面的常识。
意义是:
1、有利于建设和谐社会和和谐校园。
随着市场经济进一步推进,社会竞争日趋激烈,给人们尤其是青少年带来了一定的心理压力。开展心理健康教育活动,可以通过情感的交流、情绪的疏导等活动化解学生的种种心理问题。 这不仅对促进青少年学生形成健康的心理和健全的人格,获得全面和谐发展有重要意义,而且对促进学校与社会的和谐稳定,构建现代和谐校园与和谐社会,也具有十分重要的现实意义。
2、有利于建设和实施素质教育。
良好的心理素质,是学生综合素质的重要组成部分,它不仅可以帮助人从容应对各种挑战与挫折,而且能使人更好地发挥自己的潜能,轻松自然地适应外界环境的变化。心理健康教育也是素质教育的重要组成部分。
3、有利于促进健康教育的发展。
心理健康教育不仅是学生全面发展、可持续性发展的需要,也是德育工作发展的重要环节。
1.吴明认为自己在班级中属于"尖子生",这种对自己在群体中地位的意识成为( B )
A 胜利自我 B 社会自我 C 心理自我 D 理想自我
2. 下述自我意识成分中属于自我体验范畴的有( D )A 自主 B 自立 C 自制 D 自信
3. 下述自我意识成分中属于自我调节范畴的有(B )A 自信 B 自立 C 自尊 D 自豪
4. 个体对自己的智力,兴趣,人格特征等的意识成为( C )
A 生理自我 B 社会自我 C 心理自我 D 理想自我
5. 在生活中,有些人不断的给自己提出新的目标,并努力实现它,进而不断的提高其自身水平.这种自我发展的表现成为( D )A 自我意识 B 自我监督 C 自我控制 D 自我教育
6. "对自己近阶段的表现感到欣慰和满意",这属于自我意识结构中的( D )
A 自我认识 B 自我监督 C 自我评价 D 自我体验
7. 营业员在进行心算时不能与顾客交谈,这种现象在心理学上的解释是( D )
A 人不能同时做两件事 B 心算不熟练
C 元注意水平低 D 短时记忆易被输入的信息替代而丧失
心理健康是指个体心理状态的良好与稳定,包括积极的情绪体验、健的心理功能以及适应各种压力和挑战的能力。它涉及个体的情感、认知和行为等方面,是人们获得幸福和生活质量的关键要素。
学校心理健康教育的意义在于提供学生认识了解和关注自己心理健康的机会和方法。它具有以下几个重要意义:
1. 促进学生心理健康:学校心理健康教育可以帮助学生认识到自己的心理健康重要性,并提供相关知识、技能和策略,使学生能够积极应对生活中的压力和挑战,提高他们的心理韧性、抗逆能力和幸福感。
2. 预防和早期干预:通过心理健康教育,学校可以帮助学生识别和意识到心理问题的早期迹象,并及时采取相应的干预措施。这可以有效预防心理健康问题的发展,减少患者数量,降低心理疾病的发生率。
3. 提高学业成绩和学习效果:心理健康教育可以帮助学生学会管理情绪、调节压力,并提供学习技巧和应对策略。这有助于改善学生的学习状态和学习效果,提高学业成绩。
4. 塑造良好的人际关系:心理健康教育可以帮助学生了解和理解人的情感和需求,培养同理心和积极的人际交往技巧。这有助于改善学生的人际关系,增强合作能力,减少冲突和暴力行为。
5. 提升社会发展和和谐:一个有良好心理健康的社会,能够提高整体幸福感,减少心理健康问题的发生,增进社会的和谐稳定。学校心理健康教育对培养积极向上的社会价值观和促进社会发具有重要作用。
校心理健康教育在提高学生综合素质、帮助他们更好地应对生活和学习的挑战方面具有重要的意义。它不仅有助于个体的心理健康发展,也对整个社会的和谐稳定和可持续发展起到积极的促进作用。
①有适度的安全感,有自尊心,对自我的成就有价值感。
②适度地自我批评,不过分夸耀自己也不过分苛责自己。
③在日常生活中,具有适度的主动性,不为环境所左右。
④理智,现实,客观,与现实有良好的接触,能容忍生活中挫折的打击,无过度的幻想。
⑤适度地接受个人的需要,并具有满足此种需要的能力。
心理健康教育的标题可以是“关注心灵、塑造健康——心理健康教育”。因为心理健康是一个人综合健康的重要方面,但是很多人在日常生活中忽视了心理健康的重要性。因此需要进行专门的心理健康教育来引导人们关注、维护自己的心理健康。同时,通过心理健康教育可以让人们了解心理健康相关的知识和技能,并且学会有效的应对压力、情绪管理和人际关系等方面的问题,从而塑造全面健康的心灵。
Ultimate goal is
(1) has normal intelligence
Intelligence is a person normally the psychological condition with normal the most fundamental life, it is the first standard of mental health. Because intelligence is people observation, attention, imagination, thinking,force is mixed those who carry out mobile ability to wait is integrated.
(2) becomes mood pilot host
Be good at coordinating with control mood, mood is good, the mood is stable, active up, without needless nervous feeling and uneasy sense.
(3) has harmonious human concern
Individual mental health situation basically comes out in the expression in the association with other. Harmonious human relationship is mental health cannot little condition, it is the important way that wins mental health.
Its expression is in: Be happy to interact with the person, have stable and extensive human concern already, have intimate friend again; Independent and complete moral quality maintains in association, have self-knowledge, neither haughty nor humble; Can evaluate others objectively, those who take long filling oneself of the person is short, wide in order to need a person, friendly get along, find pleasure to help others: In association positive attitude over negative attitude.
(4) suits goodly and transform real environment
Often cannot handle effectively with all round the relation of real environment, it is the main reason that causes psychogenic disorder and even psychological disease. To real environment active suit and transform, it is to point to active place situation is spent, contact extensively with the society, have clearer and accurate knowledge to social current situation, its psychology behavior can get used to the ascensive trend of social culture, be brave in to transform real environment, the harmony that achieves self-fulfilment and social dedication thereby is unified.
The ultimate goal of theoretic mental health is the integrality that makes the person maintains moral quality, foster healthy spirit
Psychological disease is very general, just existing degree is distinguished just, and the development of modern culture makes the mankind is sent more break away from its nature attribute, fast rhythm of pollution, life, nervous, information content is all-time the fact of the inequity below the difference of orientaton of change of manner of complex, work and rest, consumption, concept in fairness pulls tremendous, human relations in society big, doting etc, make psychological disease is added gradually worsen more
Psychological disease is a lot of more phyletic, behave each different
The total target that mental health teachs is: Improve the psychological quality of all student, develop their potential adequately, education student is hopeful, up psychological character, promote the sound development that learns stranger case.
The specific target that mental health teachs is: Make the student knows ego correctly ceaselessly, enhance adjusting control ego, bear the ability of bilk bilk, acclimatization; Foster the student's sound moral quality and quality of good individual character psychology; Have the student of psychological worry or psychogenic disorder to minority, give science to effective psychology seeks advice and coach, make they cast off an obstacle as soon as possible, adjust ego, raise mental health level, enhance ego to teach competence.
The main task that mental health teachs is to advance quality education in the round, enhance sex of the specific aim that school moral education works, actual effect and initiative, help student is established when problem of occurrence psychology behavior appeal consciousness, stimulative student forms healthy psychological quality, maintain the student's mental health, decrease and avoid all sorts of adverse effects of pair of their mental health; Foster health of body and mind, have innovation spirit and practice capacity, rational thinks, have the morality, literate, generation newlywed person that has discipline.
According to " advance actively, be practical and realistic, divisional program, classification is directive " working principle, different area should according to this locality actual, do the work that good mental health teachs actively.
- - big in city and economy developed area, want to begin mental health generally to teach the job. The teacher should be in have more comprehensive psychological theory knowledge and the technical technical ability that undertake psychology coachs and raise oneself have on quality of good individual character psychology rise significantly.
- - conditional town middle and primary school and rural middle and primary school, should from set out actually, in a planned way, measure ground begins mental health to teach the job. Want to catch good mental health to teach backbone teacher team to build, the whole that strengthens education of regional mental health on the foundation that sums up experience at the same time pushs the work.
- - the country that of short duration does not have a requirement and outlying area, should from set out actually, make the progress that gives the mental health education with regional middle and primary school plan; The key has caught the pilot school that a batch of mental health teach, begin what mental health teachs a teacher actively to groom the job; Advance mental health to teach the job stage by stage.
Quality education target is to improve national quality.
1, quality education, it is the real need that the society admits, should achieve let the person is faced with correctly and handle oneself located the purpose of all things of social environment and phenomenon.
2, quality education, it is the primary quality with raising a person in the round is primary purpose, in order to respect main body sex of the person and active drive, it is a foundation with factitious disposition, pay attention to the wisdom potential that develops a person, pay attention to the perfect individual character that forms a person to be the education of essential feature.
3, the safeguard mechanism that quality education runs, it is to show for quality education moves offer necessary base condition. The dialectical materialism thinks, the existence of all specific things and development are conditional, the isolated thing that does not need any requirements is nonexistent.
4, full-scale development is taught or quality is taught anything but moral education of be confined to, intellectual education, sports a few respects. 20 centuries since 80 time, those who join our country is specific and actual, emphasized aesthetic education and work skill education.
The main content that mental health teachs includes: Popularize mental health basic knowledge, establish mental health consciousness, the psychology with simple understanding adjusts method, understanding psychology is unusual phenomenon, seasonable ego adjusts psychology changes, and preliminary control common sense of psychological health care, its are course of study of choose of institutional study, human association, enter a higher school and life and society mainly get used to the common sense that waits for a respect.
The meaning is:
1, be helpful for building harmonious society and harmonious campus.
Advance further as market economy, social competition is intense with each passing day, to people especially adolescent brought constant psychological pressure. Begin mental health to teach an activity, the activity such as the dredge that can pass affective communication, mood dissolves a variety of psychology problems of the student. This forms healthy psychology and sound moral quality to promoting adolescent student not only, obtain comprehensive and harmonious development to have important sense, and stable to promoting the harmony of the school and society, compose builds contemporary and harmonious campus and harmonious society, also have very important real sense.
2, be helpful for construction and executive quality education.
Good psychological quality, it is a student the main component of integrated quality, it can help a person answer all sorts of challenges and setback leisurely not only, and the potential that can make the person develops him better, relaxed naturally gets used to the change of outside ambient. Mental health teachs the main component that also is quality education.
3, the development that is helpful for promoting healthy education.
Mental health education is a student not only full-scale development, but the need of durative development, also be the important segment that moral education job expands.
1. Wu Ming thinks he belongs to " the best of its kind to give birth to " in class, this kind is become in the consciousness of the position in the group to oneself (B)
Ideal ego of D of ego of psychology of C of ego of society of B of A victory ego
2.What ego experiences a category is belong to to have in undermentioned self-awareness composition (free-standing C of D)A own B abstains D self-confidence
3.Ego adjustment category belongs to in undermentioned self-awareness composition have (D of self-respect of free-standing C of B)A self-confident B is proud
4.Individual the intelligence to oneself, interest, the consciousness that wait becomes character feature (C)
Ideal ego of D of ego of psychology of C of ego of society of B of A physiology ego
5.In the life, some people give him ceaselessly to raise new target, come true hard it, raise its oneself level ceaselessly then. The performance that this kind of ego grows is become (education of ego of D of control of ego of supervisory C of ego of B of D)A self-awareness
6."The expression of close to oneself phase feels gratified with satisfactory " , this belongs to self-awareness structure medium (D)
A ego knows B ego to supervise C ego to evaluate D ego experience
7.The assistant cannot chat with the client when having doing sums in one's head, the explanation of this kind of phenomenon on psychology is (D)
A person cannot do inexperience of mental arithmetic of two things B at the same time
C yuan notice short-term memory of horizontal low D is easy the information that is inputted is replaced and lose
Mental health is those who point to individual mentation is good with stability, include positive sentiment experience, be good at psychological function and the ability that get used to all sorts of pressure and challenge. It involves the aspect such as individual affection, acknowledge and behavior, it is the crucial essential factor that people acquires happiness and life quality.
The meaning that school mental health teachs depends on offerring a student to understanding understands and pay close attention to the opportunity of own mental health and method. It has the following important senses:
1.Stimulative student mental health: Education of school mental health can help a student realize his mental health value, offer relevant knowledge, skill and strategy, make the student can answer the pressure in the life and challenge actively, the psychological tenacity that raises them, fight counter ability and happy move.
2.Precaution and inchoate interpose: Adopt mental health education, the school can help student identifying and the inchoate sign that realize psychological problem, take corresponding interpose step in time. This can prevent the development of mental health problem effectively, reduce patient amount, lower the occurence rate of psychological disease.
3.Improve school work achievement and study result: Mental health education can help a student institutional government mood, adjust pressure, provide study skill and answer strategy. This conduces to the study position that improves a student and study result, improve school work result.
4.Shape good human relationship: Mental health education can help student understanding and the affection that understand a person and demand, education is the same as manage heart and active human association skill. This conduces to the human relation that improves a student, enhance cooperative ability, reduce conflict and rough stuff.
5.Promote a society development and harmony: One has the society of good mental health, can raise integral happiness to feel, reduce the happening of mental health problem, the harmony of promotional society is stable. Education of school mental health is active to education up social viewpoint of value and stimulative society hair have main effect.
School mental health education is raising a student the integrated quality, challenge respect that helps them answer the life and study better has important sense. It conduces to individual mental health developing not only, also be stabilized to the harmony of whole society and positive stimulative effect can arrive since development continuously.
① has measurable safe feeling, have proper pride, valuable to the achievement of ego feeling.
② moderate land self-criticism, not beyond the mark and pretentious oneself criticize severely oneself not overly also.
③ is in daily life, have modest initiative, do not be environmental place left and right sides.
④ reason, actual, objective, have good contact with reality, the blow of the setback in can patient life, without exceeding illusion.
⑤ accepts the individual's need moderately, have the capacity that satisfies this kind of need.
The caption that mental health teachs can be " attention heart, portray health -- mental health is taught " . Because mental health is a person's integrated and healthy important facet, but the value that a lot of people ignored mental health in daily life. Because this need undertakes special mental health,education guides the people attention, mental health that maintains his. In the meantime, through mental health education can let people understand the knowledge related mental health and technical ability, and the society answers the question of the respect such as pressure, mood management and human relation effectively, model the heart of overall health thereby.