西三旗在北京哪个区？英文双语对照

西三旗位于北京市海淀区悦秀路 附近。

西三旗，紧邻昌平回龙观，清河小营之北，西二旗以东及东小口的西部范围，属于五环外的郊区。在海淀清河以北，有西三旗、西二旗两个村庄;在昌平区东南部北七家镇，还有东三旗、东二旗，后屯，前屯，潘庄几个村。随着北京城市建设的蓬勃发展和城区的急剧膨胀，这几个城中村已非旧日的乡村面貌，楼房小区拔地而起，居民小区星罗棋布。因此这几个村庄名称的知名度也越来越高，特别是西三旗，在京藏高速(G6 原八达岭高速)公路的路标中，就赫然见到它的名字。

村庄以"旗"称名，人们很容易联想到清代的镶黄旗、正黄旗、正白旗(上三旗)、镶白旗、正红旗、镶红旗、正蓝旗、镶蓝旗(下五旗)这八旗军，甚至认为这几个村庄是因为清代的八旗军驻地而形成。其实，西三旗等村庄的形成和得名，与清代八旗军并无关系。

西三旗的形成与得名，是明代有部分军队在这一带牧马的结果。明代的军制是在一些要害之地设置卫或所，以尽保家卫国之责。一般地说，一个卫有五千六百人，一个千户所有一千一百二十人，一个百户所有一百一十二人。每个所统领两个总旗，十个小旗。每个小旗有十名兵卒，每个总旗有五十名兵卒。可见，明代军队的编制，最基层单位也称为"旗"，犹如今天的"班"。明代为了抗御蒙古势力卷土重来，在大规模修筑长城的同时，还在长城沿线设置九个镇，也称"九边"，统领大批卫所官兵保卫边防。为了供给沿边驻军所需的战马，在内地设立了许多牧马草场和马房，抽调部分官兵专门牧马养马，甚至民间也承担繁重的为官府养马的任务。有明一代，北京地区的牧马草场和马房很多，其中在西三旗东边的黄土店就有一处，称为黄土店马房。那时候，在黄土店周围没有几个村庄，到处是青草茂盛的空旷之地，被分派到马房黄土店牧马养马的官军，按照所编的小旗散布其间牧马。西三旗、西二旗、东三旗、东二旗等村庄就是明代牧马的各小旗官军的驻地，后来演变成村落，并以当时小旗的编号和所处方位命名。

在今清河镇东边、清河北岸有个村庄名为"马房"，则是明代清河马房的遗存，现因市政改造已经拆迁。而在昌平小汤山的南边、温榆河北岸也有一个"马房"村，则是属于小汤山马房的范围了。明代北京地区马房之多，由此可见一斑。

3 banners are located in on the west near Yue Xiulu of Beijing Haidian area.

On the west 3 banners, proximate Chang Ping answers Long Guan, the north of clear river small battalion, on the west reach to the south of 2 banners east of small mouth western limits, belong to the suburb outside 5 annulus. In Haidian clear river with north, have on the west 3 banners, on the west two villages; is in 2 banners north of ministry of southeast of Chang Ping area is pressed down 7 times, still have Dong Sanqi, east 2 banners, hind collect, before collect, pan Zhuang a few villages. The bitter fleabane break out that builds as Beijing city is exhibited and of the city zone expand quickly, the village in these a few cities already was not the rustic appearance of former days, building village unplugs the ground and case, dweller village is dotted. Because of name of these a few villages famous degree taller and taller also, especially on the west 3 banners, high speed of Tibet is in Beijing (G6 former 8 Da Ling high speed) in the guide of highway, see its name awesomely.

The village weighs a name with " banner " , people associates very easily to what Qing Dynasty takes the place of to set Huang Qi, Huang Qi, white flag (on 3 banners) , set white flag, red flag, set a red flag, La Qi, set La Qi (below 5 banners) this Eight Banners, the Eight Banners that thinks because Qing Dynasty is acting,these a few villages are even army place where troops are stationed and form. Actually, on the west the formation of the village such as 3 banners and get a name, with clear generation Eight Banners army does not have a relation.

On the west the formation of 3 banners and get a name, it is the result that bright generation has partial army to bring herd horse in this. Of bright generation army making is the ground in a few crucial point the setting is defended or, defend a country with all keeping the home duty. Popularly says, one is defended have 5600 people, one all 1000 1120 people, one all 100 112 people. Every place interconnected system receives two total standards, 10 bannerol. Every bannerol has 10 Bing Cu, every total banner has 50 Bing Cu. Visible, the work out of Ming Daijun team, most the basic unit also calls " banner " , be just as today's " class " . Bright generation to resist Mongolia force stage a come back, in large-scale build Great Wall while, still set nine garrison post in Great Wall along the line, also call " 9 edges " , all gets large quantities of officers and soldiers that defend place to guard frontier defence. The steed that needs for place of garrison of supply edge edge, established a lot of herd horse careless field and stable inside, transfer partial officers and soldiers is special herd Ma Yangma, even folk also assumes the onerous job that raises a horse for feudal official. Have bright generation, the herd horse careless field of Beijing area and stable are very much, be in among them on the west the loess inn of 3 banners the eastern side has one place, call loess inn stable. Await in those days, it is all round loess inn without a few villages, it is the ground of the hollowness of green grass exuberance everywhere, be allocated to raise equestrian Guan Jun to horse of herd of stable loess inn, the bannerol that makes up according to place is dispersed meantime herd horse. On the west 3 banners, on the west 2 banners, Dong Sanqi, east the place where troops are stationed of the each bannerol Guan Jun that the village such as 2 banners is Ming Daimu horse, evolve into dorp later, and with the number of bannerol is in azimuth to name with place at that time.

In today bank of the eastern side of clear river town, clear Heibei has a village the name is " stable " , the involuntary discharge of urine that is room of Ming Daiqing hippo is put, because of,show municipal transform had torn open change. And make the same score small Shang Shan in prosperous south, bank of Wen Yu Heibei also has village of " of stable of a " , be the limits that belongs to stable of hill of little boiling water. Of stable of area of bright generation Beijing, this shows one spot.