什么质疑？英文双语对照

爱因斯坦说过：“提出一个问题，往往比解决一个问题更重要。因为解决一个问题也许仅仅是一个教学或实验上的技能而已，而提出新的问题、新的可能性，从新的角度去看旧的问题，却需要有创造性的想象力，而且标志着科学的真正进步。”从目前来看，中国的学生和国外的学生比起来，在知识积累及综合分析方面，中国学生显示了绝对优势，但质疑的能力却存在着很大差距。质疑是物理教学的灵魂，没有质疑，也就不存在物理。由此可见，在物理教学中应重视学生质疑能力的培养。本文就质疑的作用及质疑能力的培养与大家探讨。

一、质疑的作用

（一）能激发学习主动性。

“学起于思，思源于疑”，没有疑，就不会有想象的方向，追求的兴趣。亚里士多德说过：“思维自疑问和惊奇开始。”有了疑问和惊奇，才能引导学生去探求新知，从而增强他们认识世界的精神动力，为他们一生的发展奠定良好的基础。陈景润在中学时代，老师曾提出了一个两百年的科学悬案，叫“哥德巴赫猜想”。他的老师虽然没有解开这个谜，但是却点燃了陈景润的求知欲。陈景润正是在这个求知欲的推动下，不懈努力，最终打开了辉煌的数学宫殿大门，攀上了“哥德巴赫猜想”的高峰。

（二）能激发创新意识。

“发明千千万万，起点是一问。”问题是推动创新的原动力，牛顿对苹果落地产生质疑，才发现了“万有引力定律”；瓦特对壶盖掀动产生质疑，才发明了蒸气机。

质疑是创新的火花，是创新的前提。纵观物理学史，几乎每一个阶段的进程都是从质疑开始的，例如古希腊亚里士多德认为力是维持物体运动的原因，伽利略对此提出质疑，指出物体在没有受到外力时可保持匀速直线运动状态，后经牛顿进一步研究，总结出了牛顿运动定律，奠定了经典力学的基础。

（三）“质疑”能帮助学生形成正确的知识结构。

知识结构是由许多的知识点构建而成，学生经过学习他会搭建自己的知识结构体系，而这个体系是否坚固取决于对知识点的理解上，尚若他在知识点的理解上有误，那他搭建的知识体系会是畸形的，在解答问题时就会出现错误。学生在学习时如果只是一味的接纳老师的灌输而不去问为什么，势必吃下夹生饭，导致消化不良出毛病。而能常问为什么的学生对知识就能把握的透彻。

Einstein has said: "Raise a question, often more important than solving a problem. Because solve a problem,perhaps be the skill on an education or experiment merely just, and raise new issue, new possibility, anew angle goes seeing old problem, need creative imagination however, and the real progress that indicates the move is scientific. " come round to look from eye, the student of Chinese student and abroad is compared rise, respect of drag in integration analysis is accumulated in knowledge, chinese student showed absolutely advantage, but the ability of doubt is existing however very big difference. Doubt is the soul of physical teacher and student, without doubt, nonexistent also physics. This shows, the student should take seriously to oppugn the education of ability in physical teacher and student. The action that the article oppugns and the education that oppugn ability and everybody are discussed.

One, the action of doubt

(one) can stimulate study initiative.

"Learn result to think of, think of result from doubt " , without doubt, with respect to the way that won't have an imagination, the interest of pursuit. Yalishiduode has said: "Thinking is mixed from doubt begin amazedly. " had doubt and amazed, ability guiding student goes hunting knows newly, enhance them to understand the mental power of the world thereby, for them the development of lifetime lays good foundation. Chen Jingrun is acting when the middle school, teacher Ceng Di gave a scientific outstanding issue of 200 years, cry " Bach of elder brother heart guesses " . Although his teacher does not have unlock this mystery, but what ignited Chen Jingrun however is curious desire. Chen Jingrun seeks knowledge in this just about desire drive below, indefatigable effort, opened brilliant mathematical palace entrance door finally, climbed " Bach of elder brother heart guesses " height.

(2) can arouse innovation consciousness.

"Invent two hundred and seventy-six million four hundred and forty-seven thousand two hundred and thirty-two, start is to ask. " the problem is the motive power that urges innovation, newton generates doubt to malic be born, just discovered " the law of gravity " ; Watt builds lift to generate doubt to crock, just invented steam machine.

Doubt is the scintilla of innovation, it is the premise of innovation. Review physics history, almost the process of each phase begins from doubt, for example the reason that ancient Greek Yalishiduode thinks force is to maintain an object to move, galileo raises doubt to this, point out the object is in divide evenly can be not maintained when outside force fast sharp movement condition, classics Newton studies further after, summary gave Newtonian sports law, laid classical and mechanical foundation.

(3) " doubt " can help a student form correct intellectual structure.

Intellectual structure is nod compose to build by a lot of knowledge and become, the student can build his intellectual construction system through learning him, and whether does this system depend on stably on the understanding that nods to knowledge, if he is on the understanding that knowledge nods,still have by accident, the intellectual system that then he builds can be unbalanced, the mistake can appear when solving a problem. If be only,the student is in when study blindly admit a teacher engraft and do not ask why, certainly will eats next rawish meals, bring about dyspeptic be out of order. And often can ask why what the student can hold to knowledge is lucid.