非遗手工艺传承的理由？英文双语对照

沿着京沪线一路北上，上海功德林、五芳斋肉粽、金华火腿、德州扒鸡、驴肉火烧、王致和臭豆腐、北京烤鸭……这些耳熟能详的中华美食，可是入选了国家级非物质文化遗产名录的宝贝；它们浓缩了一群人、一座城的饮食习惯，又承载着浓厚的历史气息，被人们亲切地称为舌尖上的“非遗”。

根据《中华人民共和国非物质文化遗产法》，非物质文化遗产，是指各族人民世代相传并视为其文化遗产组成部分的各种传统文化表现形式，以及与传统文化表现形式相关的实物和场所——可以是传统口头文学、美术书法等艺术形式，也可以是礼仪节庆等民间风俗。

5000年大浪淘沙，各民族流传下来的“非遗”如熠熠星辰，璀璨生辉。说的唱的，练的用的，吃的穿的……祖先的智慧，师徒的心诀，一门手艺的生命力，正是对传统文化的继承和升华。

“非遗”不仅体现中国智慧、承载中国价值、凝聚中国精神，还在与世界不同文明的交流对话中被广为欣赏、广泛传播。截至2019年9月，我国已有40个项目列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录（名册），居世界第一。其中，共有32个“非遗”项目被列入人类“非遗”代表作名录，7个项目被列入急需保护名录，1个项目被列入优秀实践名册。可以说，中国的非物质文化遗产，已经成为了推动文明交流互鉴的重要力量。

中国是“非遗”保护的“优等生”

2001年10月，法国巴黎联合国教科文组织总部会议大厅里，传出了流利的笛箫和百转千回的水磨腔。来自北方昆曲剧院的魏春荣和她的搭档马宝旺，为来自各国的大使和联合国的官员们演出中国昆曲《活捉》。演出结束后，大会主席给时任中国常驻联合国教科文组织大使张学忠的夫人递上了一张便条，上面写着：“我从来没见过这么美丽动人的女演员，更没见过这么美妙的中国戏剧艺术！”

这是一场“人类口头和非物质文化遗产代表作”的庆祝活动。就在活动举办前半年，联合国教科文组织总干事松浦晃一郎在巴黎总部宣布了世界首批“人类口头和非物质遗产代表作”名录，在来自世界各地的19个项目中，中国昆曲以全票荣登榜首。两年后，《保护非物质文化遗产公约》（以下简称公约）在联合国教科文组织大会上通过，迄今已有178个国家成为缔约国。

随着世界各国申遗热情和愿望提升，教科文组织在申报和审议方面提出了更高的标准和要求：艺术价值、主力状况、有无完整的保护计划，三者缺一不可。操作越来越规范，难度更是逐年递增。

事实证明，中国是履行公约义务的“优等生”。自2004年加入该公约以来，我国由政府主导推动的非遗保护工作取得的成绩备受世界瞩目，许多“中国经验”更得到国际社会的认可。随着2011年《中华人民共和国非物质文化遗产法》的正式颁布实施，多个省市自治区也相继颁布出台了本地区的非物质文化遗产保护条例或民族民间传统文化保护条例，中国的“非遗”保护法律体系和工作机制更是日趋完善，建立了包括调查制度、国家+省（自治区）+市（地）+县四级名录体系、代表性传承人认定制度和文化遗产日在内的一整套符合中国国情和非遗特点的保护制度。

Along Beijing Shanghai line all the way on north, shanghai merits and virtues forest, roast duck of baked wheaten cake of flesh of braised chicken of city of ham of Zong of flesh of 5 fragrant fast, Jin Hua, heart, ass, Wangzhi and strong-smelling preserved bean curd, Beijing... these familiar to the ear can the China cate of detailed, can be selected national level is immaterial the baby of culture bequest directory; They condensed the dietary habit of an a flock of people, city, bearing the weight of again grumous historical breath, by what people affectionately calls the tip of the tongue to go up " blame involuntary discharge of urine " .

Basis " People's Republic of China is immaterial culture bequest law " , immaterial culture bequest, it is all sorts of traditional culture that point to run in the family of every nationality people and regard its as culture bequest component expressional form, and the objective related to form of traditional culture expression and place -- can be the traditional folk tales, art such as art calligraphy form, also can be formal part is celebrated wait for folklore.

Sea cleaned out sand 5000, each nation circulates those who come down " blame involuntary discharge of urine " stars of the Yi that be like Yi, bright is unripe brightness. Those who say sing, use experiencedly, eat wear... ancestral wisdom, the heart bid farewell of division apprentice, the vitality of a craft, be pair of traditional culture is successive with sublimate.

"Blame involuntary discharge of urine " reflect Chinese wisdom not only, bear the weight of spirit of China of Chinese value, agglomeration, in returning the communication in as different as the world civilization to speak, be admired by An Weixin, extensive transmission. Up to in September 2019, our country already had 40 projects to include U.N. Educational directory of immaterial culture bequest (register) , house world the first. Among them, share 32 " blame involuntary discharge of urine " the project is included the mankind " blame involuntary discharge of urine " masterpiece directory, 7 projects are included to be badly in need of protecting directory, a project is included outstanding practice register. Can say, immaterial culture bequest of China, had become the main force that prompts warning of civilization communication each other.

China is " blame involuntary discharge of urine " of protection " classy unripe "

October 2001, in hall of meeting of headquarters of Educational of French Paris U.N. , came out fluent flute xiao and the 100 water mill antrum that turn 1000 times. Flourishing of the Wei Chunrong of theater of northerly Kunqu opera and her partner bezoar of a horse, the officials that are the ambassador that comes from each country and U.N. show China Kunqu opera " hold captive " . After the show ends, the madam that Zhang Xuezhong of ambassador of Educational of Chinese permanent U.N. holds the post of when congress chairman gives is given went up a piece of note, writing above: "I had never seen so beautiful and moving actress, do not have more had seen so wonderful China drama! Do not have more had seen so wonderful China drama!!

This is " the mankind is oral with masterpiece of immaterial culture bequest " congratulatory activity. Be in the half an year before the activity is held, songpu of U.N. Educational total a secretary in charge of sth shook one man to announce the world in Parisian headquarters first " the mankind is oral with immaterial bequest masterpiece " directory, in 19 projects that come from world each district, chinese Kunqu opera ascends head of a list of names posted up with full flourish. After two years, " protect convention of immaterial culture bequest " (convention of the following abbreviation) pass on U.N. Educational congress, heretofore already had 178 countries to become contracting party.

As world each country Shen Wei promotes enthusiasticly with the desire, educational is declaring and discussed a respect to raise higher level and requirement: State of artistic value, brunt, have plan without complete protection, 3 person be short of one cannot. The operation is more and more normative, difficulty is year after year more increase by degrees.

The fact proves, china is those who fulfil convention obligation " classy unripe " . Since joining this convention 2004, the result that the work of the protection that be not involuntary discharge of urine that our country promotes by governmental dominant obtains suffers the world to fix eyes upon fully, a lot of " Chinese experience " more those who get international society approbate. As 2011 " People's Republic of China is immaterial culture bequest law " promulgate formally carry out, municipality of many provinces city also promulgates the immaterial culture bequest that published our region to protect byelaw or culture of ethical folk tradition to protect byelaw in succession, of China " blame involuntary discharge of urine " protective jurisprudence and working mechanism are perfect with each passing day more, built include to investigate system, country + province (municipality) + city (the ground) + person of system of 4 class directory, representative inheritance maintains the county system and culture bequest day inside one a complete set of accords with Chinese national condition and blame the protection of characteristic of involuntary discharge of urine.