婺源历史？英文双语对照

婺源县，以旧县治清华“地近婺水之源”而名。

据对境内善山、江村、茅坦庄等地发掘出土的陶纺轮、石网坠、骨针、圜底网纹陶罐、印纹陶片、石斧、石凿等器物考证，在4000多年前，婺源地域就有居民活动。早期生活在这方山水的土著先民，属于“越”。他们“饮稻羹鱼”“火耕水耨”，在这里劳垦生息，过着定居的原始农耕生活。

西周前，婺源地域属“扬州之域”。春秋战国时期，诸侯争霸，婺地属于吴国领地。周元王三年（前473年），吴被越国攻灭归越；吴王夫差的长子吴鸿亦被流放婺源湖山。周显王十四年（前355年）楚灭越后，婺源地域划入楚国版图，直至秦王政二十四年（前223）楚国灭亡。

秦统一六国后，派兵南征降“百越”，于秦始皇三十一年（前216）占领古徽州地区，设黝（后改“黟”）、歙二县，归属鄣郡；婺源地域以属歙县地随之隶鄣郡。对于“鄣郡”之名，一说系因婺源北部的三天子鄣（大鄣山）而得。西汉元狩二年（前121年），改鄣郡为丹阳郡，婺地又随歙县改属丹阳郡。在此秦汉时期，生活在黟、歙地域的土著越人，因不堪封建王朝的暴政，纷纷逃入山中，形成“山越”。山越人刀耕火种，“以渔猎、山伐为业”，遁迹于山林，过着一种与世隔绝的生活。

东汉末年，三国鼎立，丹阳郡成为孙吴的割据地之一。建安十三年（208年），孙吴政权派兵制服山越后，分歙县辖地增置始新、新定、犁（后改“黎”）阳、鸺（不久改“休”）阳4县，加上原黟、歙共6县建立新都郡；婺源地域属休阳（三国吴永安元年改名“海阳”）县。吴嘉禾三年（234年），幽居深谷的山越人迁出山林，结束这里历史文化与社会发展的封闭状态，促使半原始形态的山越丛林社会逐渐向封建社会转变。

西晋太康元年（280年）吴亡，改新都郡为新安郡，改海阳县为海宁县，婺源地域属新安郡海宁县。

隋开皇九年（589年）新安郡改为歙州，十八年（598年）海宁县改为休宁县，婺地属歙州休宁县。

唐开元二十八年（740年），析休宁县回玉乡和乐平县怀金乡之地，建立婺源县，治清华，隶属歙州。元和七年（812年），又划乐平县丹阳乡归婺；汉长沙王吴芮墓时亦随石老山（今名“鸡山”）移入婺源版图。天复元年（901年），婺源县治由清华移至蚺城。

五代十国时期，婺源先后随歙州隶属吴宁国军、南唐建威军管辖。南唐昇元二年（938年），镇守婺源的1500名关西军兵士，分别屯田“武溪香田、思溪大田、潋溪车田、浮溪言田、古溪丰田”等处以耕为永业，使山间盆地不断开垦。

宋开宝八年（975年）南唐灭，婺源随歙州入宋。宣和三年（1121年）歙州改名徽州，婺源随之隶属徽州。

元至元十三年（1276年），徽州（翌年改为徽州路）入元，婺源随隶之。元贞元年（1295年），婺源县升为婺源州（下州），隶属徽州路（至正二十四年改为徽州府）。

明洪武二年（1369年），婺源州复为婺源县，仍隶属徽州府。清沿明制。

民国元年（1912年），裁府（徽州府）留县，婺源县直隶安徽省。民国21年（1932年）属安徽省第十行政区；民国23年（1934年）划入江西省第五行政区；民国36年（1947年）划回安徽省第七行政区。

1949年5月1日，中国人民解放军第二野战军十六军四十八师解放婺源，复由安徽划归江西，先后属乐平、浮梁专区。

1952年，属上饶专区。

1971年，属上饶地区。

2000年，为上饶市辖县至今。

Wu source county, treat Tsinghua with old county " Shui Zhiyuan of ground close Wu " and renown.

The contented that according to be opposite and other places of village of calm of hill of churchyard be apt to, Jiang Cun, cogongrass sends disinter earth is spun round, stone net falls, authentic of Tao Pian of terrine of grain of spacer screen of spicula, zhuan3huan2, Yinwen, zax, stone, be in 4000 old before, wu source district has dweller activity. Inchoate those who live in this landscape is aboriginal first civilian, belong to " more " . They " fish of drink paddy a thick soup " " igneous agrarian water weedings hoe " , here fatigue cultivate haunt, live those who settle is primitive farming agrarian life.

Before the Western Zhou Dynasty, wu source district is belonged to " the region of Yangzhou " . Period of age the Warring States, vassal contend for hegemony, wu ground belongs to Wuguo feudal. Zhou Yuan king 3 years (before 473 years) , the country that be jumped over is attacked destroy return more; Wu Wangfu's poor cornstalk Wu Hong also is exiled hill of Wu source lake. Zhou Xian king 14 years (before 355 years) Hunan destroys after jumping over, wu source district delimits Hunan country domain, till Qin Wangzheng 24 years (before 223) Hunan country is ruined.

Qin Tong after 16 countries, clique arms Na Zheng falls " 100 more " , at Qin Shi emperor 31 years (before 216) district of city of occupational Gu Hui, set black (hind change " Yi " ) , inhale 2 counties, attributive Zhang county; Wu source district inhales with belonging to prefectural ground subsequently county of Zhang of be subordinate to. To " Zhang county " renown, the Zhang of 3 the emperor that because Wu source is upper,says a department (big Zhang hill) and. The Western Han Dynasty yuan hunting 2 years (before 121 years) , county changing Zhang is Dan Yangjun, wu ground changes the Yang Jun that belong to red along with inhaling county again. In period of this Qin Han, those who live in Yi, inhaling district is aboriginal jump over a person, because can't bear the despotic rule of feudal dynasty, escape into hill in succession, form " hill is jumped over " . Hill jumps over a person slash-and-burn cultivation, "It is course of study with cut down of fishing and hunting, hill " , escape slash Yu Shanlin, live a kind of insular life.

Last years of a dynasty or reign of the Eastern Han Dynasty, tripartite confrontation of the Three Kingdoms, dan Yangjun becomes Sun Wu set up a separatist regime by force of arms one of ground. Build install 13 years (208 years) , after arms of clique of Sun Wu political power subdues hill to jump over, ground of administer of cent inhaling county gains place only then decide newly, newly, plow (hind change " goosefoot " ) in relief, owlet (change before long " cease " ) in relief 4 counties, add former Yi, inhale in all 6 counties build new Dou Jun; Wu source district is belonged to cease in relief (the first year of an era or the reign of an emperor of Wu Yongan of the Three Kingdoms is incognito " Hai Yang " ) county. Wu Jiahe 3 years (234 years) , the hill of quiet room clough jumps over person change to give mountain forest, end what here history culture and society develop to close condition, the mountain that makes half primitive form jumps over jungly society to transform to the feudal society gradually.

The Western Jin Dynasty too health the first year of an era or the reign of an emperor (280 years) die, change new Dou Jun to be Xin Anjun, county of this world changing the sea is Hai Ning county,

The Sui Dynasty opens emperor 9 years (589 years) inhaling city of Xin Anjun instead, 18 years (598 years) instead of Hai Ning county rests peaceful county, wu ground belongs to inhaling city to rest peaceful county.

Tang Kaiyuan 28 years (740 years) , analyse rests the land that peaceful county returns jade countryside and country of gold of the happy bosom that make the same score a county, build Wu source county, treat Tsinghua, subject inhaling city. Yuan with 7 years (812 years) , delimit country of the happy Dan Yang that make the same score a county returns Wu again; Chinese Changsha king also follows Shi Laoshan when Wu Rui grave (today renown " gallinaceous hill " ) domain of immigrant Wu source. Day answer the first year of an era or the reign of an emperor (901 years) , wu source county treats You Qinghua Yi Zhiran city.

The Five Dynasties 10 countries period, wu source follows inhaling state early or late subject Ning Guojun, Na Tang is built power military control administer. Na Tang yuan 2 years (938 years) , the 1500 Guan Xijun's soldier of guard Wu source, respectively have garrison troops or peasants open up wasteland and grow food grain " cropland of abundant of cropland of character of brook of cropland of car of brook of land for growing field crops of Wu Xi sweet cropland, Sai Xi, Lian, float, Gu Xi " etc place it is in order to plough always course of study,

The Song Dynasty opens treasure 8 years (975 years) Na Tang destroys, wu source enters the Song Dynasty along with inhaling city. Announce mixes 3 years (1121) inhaling city is incognito badge city, wu source subsequently subject badge city.

Yuan to yuan 13 years (1276) , badge city (immediately following in time district of year of instead badge city) into yuan, wu source follows be subordinate to. Yuan Zhenyuan year (1295) , wu source county promotes state of the source that it is Wu (next cities) , district of subject badge city (to seat of government of state of badge of 24 years of instead) .

Ming Hongwu 2 years (1369) , wu source city answer county of the source that it is Wu, still seat of government of subject badge state. Clear edge bright make.

The first year of an era or the reign of an emperor of the Republic of China (1912) , dismiss seat of government (badge state seat of government) leave a county, the Anhui province of straight be subordinate to of Wu source county. The Republic of China 21 years (1932) belong to the Anhui province the 10th canton; The Republic of China 23 years (1934) delimit Jiangxi saves the fiveth canton; The Republic of China 36 years (1947) delimit a the Anhui province the 7th canton.

On May 1, 1949, the Chinese People's Liberation Army the 2nd field army 16 army 48 division liberate Wu source, answer by Jiangxi of Anhui put under, belong to zone of bridge of Le Ping, float early or late.

1952, belong to on forgive zone.

1971, belong to on forgive area.

2000, to go up county of forgive city administer up to now.