云南壮族的特色文化？英文双语对照

云南壮族特色文化简

云南省有壮族人口121.5万人（2010年），主要聚居于文山壮族苗族自治州，此外，红河、曲靖、昆明、丽江、楚雄、大理、西双版纳等州市也有分布。

风俗文化　壮族传统住房为干栏式建筑，现今广西西南和西北、云南文山部分地区的壮族村寨，还保持着这种古老的传统住房形式。其他地区已普遍使用现代住房。

壮族传统服饰尚紫色、藏青和蓝色，有典雅朴素的特点。男子头裹布帕，上身着对襟青衣，下身著黑色大裆筒裤，脚穿圆口或尖口布鞋；女子头戴额箍，包布帕，上身着右衽紧身短衣，窄袖束腰，下身里穿筒裤外著百褶长裙，脚穿圆口或半高筒绣花鞋；腰系绣花围腰；多佩银首饰，龙以发簪、大耳环、项圈、纽扣、属相项链、围腰链、胸牌、丝瓜瓤手镯，滚边银泡等最显著。

壮族是最早栽培和种植水稻的民族之一，稻作文化十分发达，稻米也自然成为壮族人民的主食。各种米饭、米粥、米粉、米糕、糍粑、粽子、汤圆等，是壮族人民日常喜爱的食品。如果掺和其他材料，还可以制成许多更加味美营养的食品，如八宝饭、八宝粥、竹筒饭、南瓜饭、“彩色糯米饭”等。

壮族的节日有春节、元宵、春秋社日、除夕等，壮族最具本民族特点的节日是“三月三”歌节、“牛魂节”“中元节”等。

壮族传统诗歌文化丰富，有古歌、礼仪歌、节令歌、造屋歌、农事歌、纺织歌、酒歌、情歌、儿歌等。人们通过诗歌传唱获得民族历史、生产生活和伦理道德等方面的知识；还通过对歌比试才智、交谊择偶。壮族每年有数次定期的民歌集会，其中以“三月三”歌节最为隆重。1984年，广西壮族自治区人民政府正式将农历三月初三这一天定为壮族的全民性节日——“三月三”歌节。

壮族没有统一的宗教信仰。壮族民间信奉祖先崇拜和自然崇拜，仰多神，少数信仰道教和佛教。

左江崖壁画是壮族先民杰出和不朽的艺术创造，其内容反映了古代壮族先民的社会生活情况。

铜鼓，是壮族的传统乐器，也是礼器，已有2000多年的历史，目前已出土和收藏的就有700多面，民间收藏和登记在册的有1400多面。铜鼓不仅是一种实用器物，同时也是一种精美的艺术品。它有浮雕式的花纹图案，有立体塑物，是雕刻艺术和立塑的综合体，体现了壮族工匠高超的铸造技术和艺术水平。

壮锦是壮族妇女纺织的手工艺品，属我国古代四大名锦之一。花色品种多样，用途广泛，可用作床毯、被面、围裙、背带、腰带、手提袋、挎包、头巾、衣物装饰等。

壮剧是壮族舞台艺术形式，是壮族民间文学、音乐、舞蹈、技艺的综合性艺术，表演技艺如身段、步法、手法、武打等等都有其独特之处，具有浓厚的民族色彩与风格。

Culture of Yunnan Chuang characteristic brief

Yunnan province has Chuang population 1.215 million person (2010) , autonomous prefecture of Miao Zu of Chuang of Yu Wenshan of main inhabit a region, in addition, red river, Qu Jing, Kunming, Li Jiang, Chu Xiong, Dali, on the west the state city such as double edition accept also has distributing.

Lodgings of convention of custom culture Chuang is construction of dry column type, the Chuang village of area of part of Wen Shan of nowadays Guangxi southwest and northwest, Yunnan, still carrying this kind of old traditional housing form. Other area uses modern housing generally already.

Color of Shang Zi of Chuang tradition dress, dark blue and blue, have elegant and simple characteristic. Man head wraps cloth handkerchief, black clothes of a kind of Chinese-style jacket with buttons down the front is worn on, the private parts writes pants of canister of black big crotch, the foot wears round mouth or shoe of pointed mouth cloth; Woman head wears frontal band, wrap cloth handkerchief, right Ren is worn on tight short covering, narrow sleeve stays, 100 plait are written to grow skirt outside canister pants is being worn in the private parts, the foot wears round mouth or shoe of half tall canister embroider; The waist fastens embroider to surround a waist; Much admire silver-colored headgear, long Yifa hairpin, big dangler, necklace, button, belong to bracelet of flesh of card of the photograph necklace, catenary that surround a waist, bosom, towel gourd, bubble of silver rolling a margin the most remarkable.

Chuang is one of nations that help advance somebody's career the earliest and grow rice, paddy composition is changed very develop, paddy rice makes the staple food of Chuang people naturally also. Congee of all sorts of rice, rice, ground rice, rice cake, cooked glutinous rice pounded into paste, zhongzi, stuffed dumplings masse of glutinous rice flour served in soup, it is the food that Chuang people likes daily. If mingle other data, return the provision that can make a lot of more delicious nutrition, be like meal of eight treasures meal, eight treasures congee, bamboo slip, pumpkin meal, " meal of chromatic polished glutinous rice " etc.

The festival of Chuang has day of company of the Spring Festival, Yuanxiao, year, the New Year's Eve to wait, the red-letter day that Chuang has this ethical characteristic most is " in March 3 " song section, " Niu Hun section " " medium yuan of section " wait.

Culture of Chuang tradition poetry is rich, the song of Gu Ge, formal song, climate and other natural phenomena of a season, song that build house, agronomic song, spin song, wine song, love song, children's song waits. People is passed through poetry sing the knowledge that wins the respect such as life of ethical history, production and ethical morality; Still pass choose of ability and wisdom of singing in antiphonal style having a competition, companionship occasionally. Chuang is annual know exactly about sth second periodic folk song assembly, among them with " in March 3 " song section is most grand. 1984, government of people of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is official the traditional Chinese calendar festivals of this day of 3 is Chuang surely sex of the whole people at the beginning of March -- " in March 3 " song section.

Chuang is devotional without unified religion. Ancestor of Chuang folk believe in adores and adore naturally, admire much look, a few devotional Taoism and buddhism.

Mural of left river cliff is Chuang Xian Minjie goes out and immortal art is created, its content mirrorred archaic Chuang first civilian social life circumstance.

Timbal, it is the traditional musical instrument of Chuang, also be sacrificial vessel, already had 2000 old histories, already came up out of land at present and collect have many 700, folk is collected and register in book have many 1400. Timbal is a kind of practical implements not only, also be a kind of elegant artwork at the same time. It has the decorative pattern pattern of anaglyph type, have stereo model thing, it is sculpture art and the synthesis that establish model, reflected Chuang craftsman to cast technology and artistic level excellently.

The handicraft that Zhuang brocade is Chuang woman spin is tasted, belong to our country ancient time 4 names bright and beautiful one of. Breed of design and color is diversiform, use is extensive, can use adornment of the blanket that make a bed, bedcover, apron, braces, chatelaine, portable bag, satchel, babushka, clothings to wait.

Strong drama is form of Chuang arena art, it is the omnibus art of Chuang folk literature, music, dancing, craft, if figure, footwork, gimmick, acrobatic fighting in Chinese opera or dance has its distinctive place etc,demonstrate skill, have rich ethical color and color.