中国管理文化的优缺点？英文双语对照

由于一本名叫《中国式管理》的书在国内的热销，对于管理的“中国式”，企业界也开始议论纷纷。无论我们如何去看待其利弊、无论我们持何种观点，事实上，“中国式管理”在当今绝大多数中国企业，尤其是中小型企业中广泛存在并实践着。

虽然科学无国界，从管理科学的层面来看，无所谓中国式管理或者西方式管理。但你不得不承认，各地区有不同的风土人情，表示各地区的传统并不相同，无数的事实证明，管理科学只有和当地的风土人情结合在一起，其效力才能够增强。

同样，中国人从小接受中国传统思想的熏陶和中国传统文化的教育，在管理科学中融入中国式的管理哲学，更能为人们接受，也能更好地推进企业的发展。

当今企业的管理者、被管理者，企业所面对的客户或供应商，以及政府乃至投资者都是由“中国因素”孕育出来的，都深深地刻着“中国”的烙印。从这个意义上看，推崇“中国式管理”具有非常重要的现实意义。

“本明而道深”

全世界所有企业对物、对财、对信息等的管理可以统一规范、制定标准，运用相同的计量方法，对人的管理则大有不同。任何人都无法摆脱其所在民族的历史、环境、文化及政治经济体制等外在势力的影响。中国有句话叫“本明而道深”，只有先有了“本”，才会根据具体的条件产生不同的方法。否则，西方MBA教育移植到中国，为什么会水土不服?外企来到中国，为什么要进行“本土化”?

著名企业家李东生先生曾经说，“20年前，中国企业家不看西方管理的书籍，那是无知；20年后还在看西方管理书籍，那就是无能了。”

这位正带领着TCL大踏步地走国际化道路的中国企业家的话令人深思：对于大多数中国企业而言，在一个和西方文化背景不同的国度里应用着西方的理念和方法，中国的企业能“消化”和“吸收”多少?过于盲目地借鉴和学习，是否会造成我们思维上的混乱，并忽略了对企业自身的审视?当各种管理理念、模式、方法等在流传时，需要我们深思一个重要问题：我们真正需要的是什么?

摔过无数眼头和经历了盲目崇外的迷茫后，中国企业和企业家开始探寻对自身来说更为适宜、更行之有效的企业管理哲学，从这个意义上讲，倡导“中国式管理”可谓应时应势。

变通和灵活

“中国式”管理的价值，一个很重要的方面，就是变通性和灵活性。西方企业界经过大量失败，不断更新并提出的弹性管理理论，正是回归到我们的变通管理，如情境领导、权变理论等等，强调根据不同的情况采取不同的措施，而不是固守单一的方式或预先确定的制度。

西方的管理发展如果以最简单的方式描述，就是合理化然后制度化；而“中国式”管理的关键是，管理即合理。强调合理性，就带来弹性。合理意昧着有道理、有用、有可预见的效果。因此，人们对此具有高度的可接受性。同时，用结果来衡量所有方法和工具的科学性，用结果来说话，比各种理论的辩白具有无可争议的优势。

“中国式”管理的另一个价值，是对人的重视，从而从根本上创造价值。管理就是做人做事的道理，做人要排在更重要的位置。

美国式管理是“我要——我成”，订立目标，拿出成果；日本式管理则是“同生——共荣”，合力追求团体的荣誉，不计较个人的荣辱；而中国式管理是“修己——安人”。以企业长期发展、为企业创效为导向，抓住关键因素——人，有人才有事，事在人为。发挥人的潜力，以理念来结合志同道合的人，合理地解决问题。

不管怎么说，中国的企业管理确实存在着只属于自己的鲜明的地域、民族和文化特色，中国叠业的管理实践，也的确应该有区别于其他地域与民族的“特色”，或许，这正是中国企业参与国际竞争制胜的关键“竞争力”所在。

Because be called originally " Chinese type manages " the book is in domestic sell like hot cakes, to management " Chinese type " , business circles also begins comment in succession. No matter how we go look upon its advantages and disadvantages, why to no matter we are held,plant viewpoint, in fact, "Chinese type manages " in enterprise of China of current great majority, especially extensive existence is being carried out in small and medium sized business.

Although science does not have national boundaries, from the point of the level that runs science, be indifferent to China type manages or western type manages. But you must admit, various places has different local customs, the tradition that represents various places is not identical, countless facts prove, government has scientificly only and local customs union of place is together, its effectiveness ability increases quite.

Same, the education of the edification that the Chinese accepts Chinese traditional idea as a child and Chinese traditional culture, the administrative philosophy of Chinese type is blended in in managing science, can be people to accept more, also can advance the development of the enterprise better.

The controller of current business, by controller, the client that company place confronts or supplier, and government and even investor are by " Chinese element " be pregnant with comes out, engraving deeply " China " brand. Look from this meaning, praise highly " Chinese type manages " the real significance with be had very important.

"This bright and the talk is late "

It is content, OK to the money, management that waits to information that all enterprises are opposite the whole world uniform standard, establish a standard, use same metric method, have greatly to the person's management different. The influence of the explicit force such as the history that anybody cannot cast off his to be in a nation, environment, culture and political economic system. China has a word to cry " this bright and the talk is late " , had first only " this " , ability can produce different method according to specific requirement. Otherwise, western MBA teachs transplanting to go to China, why to meet does natural environment refuse to obey? The foreign enterprise comes to China, why should undertake " is mainland changed " ?

Mr Lidongsheng once said famous industrialist, "20 years ago, chinese entrepreneur does not read the book of western management, that is ignorant; Western management book still is reading after 20 years, that is incompetent. That is incompetent..

Your person is thoughtful if this is guiding ground of TCL in big strides to take entrepreneur of internationalization viatic China: To most China enterprise, there are western concept and method in the country that differs with western culture setting in, chinese enterprise can " digest " and " absorb " how many? Too be drawn lessons from blindly and learn, whether can cause the disorder on our thinking, and oversight to enterprise oneself examine? Wait when all sorts of management concepts, mode, method when circulating, need us thoughtful a serious problem: What is what we need truly?

Had thrown head and experience countless times outside be being esteemed blindly confused hind, chinese enterprise and entrepreneur begin to seek more appropriate to oneself, more the business management philosophy of effective, tell from this meaning, advocate " Chinese type manages " it may be said is in season should situation.

Flexible and agile

"Chinese type " administrative value, a very important facet, it is flexible sex and flexibility. Western business circles passes a large number of failure, the flexibility management that be updated ceaselessly and offers is academic, return to our flexible management just about, if theory of circumstances leader, adaptability in tactics is waited a moment, emphasize taking different step according to different situation, is not the system of adherence and single way or predefine.

If administrative development of the west is described with the simplest way, it is rationalize next the system is changed; And " Chinese type " administrative key is, manage namely reasonable. Emphasize rationality, bring flexibility. Reasonable idea be ignorant of is worn reasonable, useful, have the effect that can foreknow. Accordingly, people has high acceptability to this. In the meantime, the scientific sex that will measure all methods and tool with the result, will talk with the result, have unquestionable advantage than all sorts of academic apologize.

"Chinese type " another value of management, it is the attention to the person, thereby from go up at all creation value. Manage even if be an upright person working truth, be an upright person the position with want a platoon to be in more significant.

American type management is " I want -- I am become " , conclude target, take out gain; Japanese type management is " be born together -- in all flourish " , join forces goes after the honor of the organization, not the honour or disgrace of dispute individual; And Chinese type management is " long oneself -- bring a person " . Develop for a long time with the enterprise, achieve effect to be for the enterprise oriented, capture crucial factor -- person, have a talented person occupied, it all depends on human effort. . Develop the person's latent capacity, will join the person of have a common goal with the concept, solve a problem reasonably.

After all, chinese business management is existing to belong to his bright district, nation and culture characteristic only really, china folds the administrative practice of course of study, also should have distinction really at other region and nation " characteristic " , probably, this is the key that Chinese enterprise participates in international competition get the upper hand of " competition ability " place.