原 文:
To save most lives from cancer, efforts should be concentrated to help people foster a healthy way of living.
原 译:
为了拯救大多数的癌症患者,应该集中精力帮助人们树立健康的生活方式。
辨 析:
因为原句开头有save...lives的字样,很容易错译为「拯救……的生命」,关键在于原译者忽略了后面的介词from。
from是一个常用介词,除了本意「从」,常常含有否定的意思,和keep,prevent,stop等词连用,表示防止或阻止某人做某事,如:
Measures were taken to prevent the secret from leaking out.采取了措施防止秘密泄露出去。
There were soldiers on guard at the gate to stop anyone from trying to get in or out.门口有士兵守着,不让任何人进出。
They excluded children under fifteen from getting in.他们不许15岁以下的小孩进去。
The media were barred from the conference.没有允许记者对会议进行采访。
但是save somebody / something from... 是「保护某人 / 某物不受……伤害 / 不至于会怎么样」的意思, 如:
He jumped into the water and saved the boy from drowning just in time. 他及时跳入水中,(在孩子快要淹死时)救了孩子一条命。
The huge tree saved the house from being blown to pieces. 那棵巨大的树保护了房子没有被风刮散。
所以,原句的意思不是「拯救(患了癌症的病人的)生命」,而是「使人们免于患癌症」。全句可译为:为了使大多数人不会得癌症(不受癌症的侵袭),应该集中精力帮助人们建立健康的生活方式。