一些有趣的常识？英文双语对照

江西、湖南、四川三省的人爱吃辣椒，一个地方比一个地方厉害，所以人们就说：

江西人不怕辣，湖南人辣不怕，四川人怕不辣。

在以上的话中，三个字的位置互换后，意思就发生了微妙的变化，多么巧妙。这种形式叫“易位”。

我国现代著名学者闻一多有一段名言，表白了自己与众不同的思想。他说：人家说了再做，我是做了再说；人家说了不一定做，我是做了不一定说。

“说”与“做”，这两个字易位马上反映了两种截然不同的态度，让人回味无穷。

人体名称之间组合的词语有很多。如“口齿”、“唇舌”、“手脚”等。这些由人体名称组合的词都有它们巧妙的比喻意义。如“心”与“肝”组合，它喻指良心，如“没心肝的家伙”；有时还用来称最亲热、最心爱的人，多用于年幼的子女。《红楼梦》第四十四回写大观园的筵席上，刘姥姥出洋相，引得众人大笑，仅区区两百来字就把人物的音容、笑貌、性格、地位描绘得惟妙惟肖，跃进然纸上。其中写贾母笑就用上了人体喻指。贾母笑得说不出话来，于是“笑着搂着（宝玉）叫‘心肝’”。这里用“心肝”比喻宝贝孙子贾宝玉，极为形象地体现了贾母对贾宝玉的宠爱，宝玉的撒娇，以及他在贾府得天独厚的地位。像这样的组合的词语在我们日常生活中经常用到。如：“头”和“脑”组合，一是喻指头绪，一是喻指首领；“耳”与“目”组合，喻指替人刺探消息的人；“肝”与“胆”组合，喻指真诚的心，还用来比喻勇气；“胃”和“口”组合，比喻食欲或食量，还比喻对事物或活动的兴趣；“心”与“腹”组合，喻指亲近而信任的人，一般用于反面人物；“手”和“足”组合，比喻兄弟；“骨”和“肉”组合，喻指亲人。

人体名称和一些后缀词组合，也有特殊的比喻意义。如“骨”和“头”组合比喻人的品质、气概。由此还有“懒骨头、硬骨头”的说法，他们分别比喻意志软弱和意志坚强的人。“舌”和“头”组合，比喻俘虏或情报。“手”和“头”组合，比喻经济情况。“拳”和“头”组合，比喻用武力或狠狠的打击。“肠”和“子”组合，喻指人的良心。还有“心尖儿”父母用来称自己最喜爱的儿女等。

人体名称和动词组合在我们平常的语言中经常用到，如青少年犯了错误我们就说他“失足”了；向别人屈服了，我们说他是向人“低头”了；有人无意作做错了事，我们说他“失手”了，某种事物很引人注意，我们说它是“打眼”，还有“评头品足”和“不足挂齿”等组合的词，我们也经常用到，恰当的用上它们，能较好的表达自己的感情。如，晋代文学家陶渊明出仕十多年，他饱尝到在官场不仅济世的抱负无法施展，而且必须降志辱身和一些官场人物周旋的苦恼，三十九岁便解职归田，躬耕自给。他叹道：“我不能为五斗米折腰向乡里小儿。”这里的“折腰”比喻降志辱身，不“折腰”形象地表现了陶渊明对当时现实社会的不满。再如“唇亡齿寒”这个成语中的“唇、齿”二字是人体的两个不同部位的名称，这里它们和“亡”和“寒”组合用来比喻两者之间的利害关系十分密切。一九五一年，美国侵略朝鲜，想通过朝鲜这个跳板侵略中国，当时，毛主席指出：朝鲜和我国的关系如同唇亡齿寒一般，我们要竭尽全力抗美援朝。毛主席用唇亡齿寒这个成语极为形象地概括了中朝两国之间的利害关系，极大地激发了我国人民抗美援朝的决心和意志。

The person love of 3 provinces eats Jiangxi, Hunan, Sichuan chili, a place is fiercer than a place, so people says:

Jiangxi person is not afraid of hot, hunan person is hot do not be afraid of, sichuan person is afraid of not hot.

In the word of above, after triliteral position crossing-over, the meaning produced delicate change, how clever. This kind of form cries " easy " .

Contemporary and distinguished scholar hears our country more than 1 have a paragraph of famous remark, professioned the thought of own extraordinary. He says: The someone said redo, I was to do besides; The someone said not to have something made to order, I was to do do not say certainly.

"Say " with " do " , these two words are easy reflected two kinds of disparate attitudes immediately, aftertaste letting a person is boundless.

The term that sets between human body name has a lot of. Be like " enunciation " , " words " , " hands or feet " etc. These terms that set by human body name have their clever analogy sense. Be like " heart " with " liver " combination, its analogy points to conscience, be like " the fellow that does not have conscience " ; Still use sometimes weigh the the most affectionate, most beloved person, multi-purpose at year young children. " red Lou Meng " on the banquet that writes grand sight garden the 44th times, liu grandmother makes a spectacle of oneself, bring so that everybody laughs, only trifling 200 come word with respect to the likeness of a person the character, laugh at appearance, disposition, position to be depicted lifelikely, leap forward like that on paper. Write among them merchant Mu Xiao used human body analogy to point to. Merchant do not say to go out word comes Mu Xiao, then " laughing at cuddle to wear (Bao Yu) cry ' conscience ' " . Use here " conscience " Gu Baoyu of figurative baby grandchildren, very figure ground was reflected merchant the mother is right of Gu Baoyu favorite, of Bao Yu act like a spoiled child, and he is in Gu Fu's advantaged position. In resembling the term of such combination living daily in us, often use. Be like: "First " and " head " combination, it is analogy finger mood, it is analogy points to chieftain; "Ear " with " eye " combination, analogy points to the person of message of the pry that replace a person; "Liver " with " bravery " combination, analogy points to genuine heart, still use figurative courage; "Stomach " and " mouth " combination, compare appetite or appetite, still compare the interest of pair of things or activity; "Heart " with " abdomen " combination, analogy points to close and trustful person, use at opposite character commonly; "Hand " and " sufficient " combination, compare brother; "Bone " and " the flesh " combination, analogy points to a family member.

Human body name closes with a few suffixal phrase, also have special figurative sense. Be like " bone " and " first " the character of assorted analogy person, lofty quality. Still have from this " shirker, hard bone " view, they compare volitional weakness and tough-minded person respectively. "Tongue " and " first " combination, compare captive or information. "Hand " and " first " combination, compare economic situation. "Fist " and " first " combination, the analogy uses the blow of armed strength or firm firm. "Bowel " and " child " combination, analogy points to the person's conscience. Still have " the heart is pointed " parents is used weigh oneself most the young man and woman that love.

Human body name and verbal combination are in our common language often use, if adolescent made a mistake,we say him " lose one's footing " ; Succumbed to others, we say he is to the person " lower one's head " ; Somebody makes err finish sth innocently, we say him " accidentally drop " , some kind of thing is very seductive, we say it is " punch a hole " , still have " judge a head to taste sufficient " and " scant mention " the word that waits for combination, we often also are used, use them appropriately, the can better feeling that expresses oneself. Be like, jin Daiwen learns a Tao Yuan bright give be an official more than 10 years, he is full savor is in official circles not only the aspiration of aid world cannot put to good use, and must fall the affliction of annals disgrace body and deal with of character of a few official circles, 39 years old discharge puts in cropland 's charge, bend forward agrarian self-sufficient. He sighs: "I cannot be 5 bottles of rice bow to children of home village or town. " here " bow " the analogy falls annals disgrace body, not " bow " figure the earth's surface showed Tao Yuan bright the dissatisfaction to actual at that time society. Be like again " if the lips are gone " in this idiom " lip, tine " the name of two 2 words are human body different position, they are mixed here " die " and " cold " combination uses an analogy both the interests between is very close. 1951, american aggressive Korea, be enlightened crosses Korea China of this gangplank aggression, at that time, chairman Mao points out: The relation of Korea and our country as if the lips are gone general, we should go all lengths face of the aid that fight the United States. Chairman Mao uses share a common lot this idiom very figure ground was generalized in the interests between face two countries, aroused our country people to fight the determination of beautiful aid face and volition greatly.